Exam 2: NR 341 / NR341 (Latest
Update ) Complex Adult
Health | Questions with Answers |
Grade A | 100% Correct –
Chamberlain
Question:
What defines the Risk stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and give an
example?
Answer:
Criteria:
GFR decreased by 25%
Creatinine increased 1.5× baseline
Urine output <0.5 mL/kg/hr for 6 hours
Example:
Client with Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, CAD scheduled for CABG
(Coronary Artery Bypass Graft).
At risk due to pre-existing conditions & potential perioperative hypotension.
, Clinical Significance:
Early intervention (fluid management, BP support) can prevent progression
to severe AKI.
Monitor renal function, avoid nephrotoxic drugs, assess for oliguria.
Question:
What defines the Injury stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and give an
example?
Answer:
Criteria:
GFR decreased by 50%
Creatinine increased 2× baseline
Urine output <0.5 mL/kg/hr for 12 hours
Example:
Sustained hypotension during surgery leading to renal hypoperfusion.
Clinical Significance:
Indicates moderate kidney damage with reduced filtration capacity.
Requires prompt intervention to prevent progression to failure stage.
Monitor BP, renal perfusion, and electrolyte balance.
,Question:
What defines the Failure stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and give an
example?
Answer:
Criteria:
GFR decreased by 75%
Creatinine increased 3× baseline
Urine output <0.3 mL/kg/hr for 24 hours OR Anuria for 12 hours
Example:
Postoperative Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), Sepsis, Persistent
Hypotension leading to severe renal hypoperfusion and organ dysfunction.
Clinical Significance:
Severe kidney impairment requiring aggressive intervention.
Monitor for metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances (↑ K⁺, ↑ Phos, ↓ Na⁺),
and fluid overload.
Dialysis may be required if kidney function does not recover.
, Question:
What defines the Loss stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
Answer:
Definition:
Persistent acute kidney failure leading to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).
Complete loss of kidney function for >4 weeks.
Clinical Significance:
Severe, prolonged AKI that may require long-term dialysis or kidney
transplant.
Monitor for worsening electrolyte imbalances, metabolic acidosis, and fluid
overload.
Assess for signs of uremia (confusion, pericarditis, pruritus, nausea).
Interventions:
Prepare for dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis).
Manage complications of kidney failure.
Update ) Complex Adult
Health | Questions with Answers |
Grade A | 100% Correct –
Chamberlain
Question:
What defines the Risk stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and give an
example?
Answer:
Criteria:
GFR decreased by 25%
Creatinine increased 1.5× baseline
Urine output <0.5 mL/kg/hr for 6 hours
Example:
Client with Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, CAD scheduled for CABG
(Coronary Artery Bypass Graft).
At risk due to pre-existing conditions & potential perioperative hypotension.
, Clinical Significance:
Early intervention (fluid management, BP support) can prevent progression
to severe AKI.
Monitor renal function, avoid nephrotoxic drugs, assess for oliguria.
Question:
What defines the Injury stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and give an
example?
Answer:
Criteria:
GFR decreased by 50%
Creatinine increased 2× baseline
Urine output <0.5 mL/kg/hr for 12 hours
Example:
Sustained hypotension during surgery leading to renal hypoperfusion.
Clinical Significance:
Indicates moderate kidney damage with reduced filtration capacity.
Requires prompt intervention to prevent progression to failure stage.
Monitor BP, renal perfusion, and electrolyte balance.
,Question:
What defines the Failure stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), and give an
example?
Answer:
Criteria:
GFR decreased by 75%
Creatinine increased 3× baseline
Urine output <0.3 mL/kg/hr for 24 hours OR Anuria for 12 hours
Example:
Postoperative Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), Sepsis, Persistent
Hypotension leading to severe renal hypoperfusion and organ dysfunction.
Clinical Significance:
Severe kidney impairment requiring aggressive intervention.
Monitor for metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances (↑ K⁺, ↑ Phos, ↓ Na⁺),
and fluid overload.
Dialysis may be required if kidney function does not recover.
, Question:
What defines the Loss stage of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?
Answer:
Definition:
Persistent acute kidney failure leading to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).
Complete loss of kidney function for >4 weeks.
Clinical Significance:
Severe, prolonged AKI that may require long-term dialysis or kidney
transplant.
Monitor for worsening electrolyte imbalances, metabolic acidosis, and fluid
overload.
Assess for signs of uremia (confusion, pericarditis, pruritus, nausea).
Interventions:
Prepare for dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis).
Manage complications of kidney failure.
