1
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Behavioral Science NBME Newest
2025/2026 Complete Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
Core Ethical Principles [ ANS: ] 1. Autonomy
2. Beneficence
3. Non-maleficence
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4. Justice
Autonomy [ ANS: ] obligation to respect patients as individuals
and to honor their preference in medical care
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- competent patient over the age of 18 can refuse care at any
time
Beneficence [ ANS: ] Physicians have a special ethical duty to act
in the patients best interest
-Autonomy trumps beneficence
Non-maleficence [ ANS: ] Do no harm
- but must weigh risk/benefit
Justice [ ANS: ] Treat all persons fairly
Informed consent [ ANS: ] 1. Discussion of pertient information
2. Patient has capacity and agrees to plan
3. Patient is acting voluntarily and not been coerced
Exceptions to informed consent [ ANS: ] Exceptions:
1. If patient is legally INCOMPETANT
, 2
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2. Implied consent in medical EMERGENCY
3. Withholding information (therapeutic privilege)
Ex: Depressed suicidal patient with new cancer diagnosis
Consent for minor [ ANS: ] - MINOR is UNDER 18 and parental
consent must be obtained unless: EMANCIPATED
Emancipation:
1. Army
2. married
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3. self-supporting
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Parental consent is NOT required in:
(SEX, DRUGS, ROCK N ROLL)
1. Emergency situation
2. Contraception
3. Treatment of STD's
4. Medical care during pregnancy
5. Drug addiction
- If situation is not life threatening must respect parents decision
Decision making Capacity [ ANS: ] 1. Communicates a choice
2. Fully informed
3. Stable decision
, 3
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4. Decision consistent with values and goals
5. Decisions no delusions/hallucinations
Advance directives [ ANS: ] Instructions given by patient in
anticipation of medical decision
1. Oral Directive
2. Living will
3. Durable power of attorney
Oral Advanced directive [ ANS: ] Incapacitated patients prior oral
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statement used as a guide to their wishes
1. Informed
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2. Specific
3. Repeated
Living will [ ANS: ] Description of treatments if patient is
incapacitated or unable to communicate
Durable power of attorney [ ANS: ] Surrogate that makes decision
on behalf of incapacitated patient
Surrogate decision-making [ ANS: ] Must know the patient. Priority
order:
1. Spouse
2. Adult Children
3. Parents
4. Adult siblings
5. Other relatives
, 4
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Confidentiality [ ANS: ] Cannot reveal information learned while
treating patient.
1 Privacy and autonomy
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Harm to self or others
- homocide or suicide
2. No way to warn/protect those at risk
- Certain infectious diseases
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TARASOFF DECISION:
- physician can directly inform and protect potential victim from
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harm
Ethical situation Problem/Solution
Problem:
Family asks about prognosis [ ANS: ] Do not discuss without patient
permission
Ethical situations to remember [ ANS: ] Almost NEVER THE ANSWER
1. Going to superior, court, ethics comittee
2. Refer patient to another physician
REMEMBER:
1. Patient wishes and comfort come first
2. Competent patients have the right to refuse treatment,
procedures, and disclosure of information
3. Get more information and asking open ended questions before
making a decision
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Behavioral Science NBME Newest
2025/2026 Complete Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already
Graded A+
Core Ethical Principles [ ANS: ] 1. Autonomy
2. Beneficence
3. Non-maleficence
© 2025 Assignment Expert
4. Justice
Autonomy [ ANS: ] obligation to respect patients as individuals
and to honor their preference in medical care
Guru01 - Stuvia
- competent patient over the age of 18 can refuse care at any
time
Beneficence [ ANS: ] Physicians have a special ethical duty to act
in the patients best interest
-Autonomy trumps beneficence
Non-maleficence [ ANS: ] Do no harm
- but must weigh risk/benefit
Justice [ ANS: ] Treat all persons fairly
Informed consent [ ANS: ] 1. Discussion of pertient information
2. Patient has capacity and agrees to plan
3. Patient is acting voluntarily and not been coerced
Exceptions to informed consent [ ANS: ] Exceptions:
1. If patient is legally INCOMPETANT
, 2
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2. Implied consent in medical EMERGENCY
3. Withholding information (therapeutic privilege)
Ex: Depressed suicidal patient with new cancer diagnosis
Consent for minor [ ANS: ] - MINOR is UNDER 18 and parental
consent must be obtained unless: EMANCIPATED
Emancipation:
1. Army
2. married
© 2025 Assignment Expert
3. self-supporting
Guru01 - Stuvia
Parental consent is NOT required in:
(SEX, DRUGS, ROCK N ROLL)
1. Emergency situation
2. Contraception
3. Treatment of STD's
4. Medical care during pregnancy
5. Drug addiction
- If situation is not life threatening must respect parents decision
Decision making Capacity [ ANS: ] 1. Communicates a choice
2. Fully informed
3. Stable decision
, 3
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4. Decision consistent with values and goals
5. Decisions no delusions/hallucinations
Advance directives [ ANS: ] Instructions given by patient in
anticipation of medical decision
1. Oral Directive
2. Living will
3. Durable power of attorney
Oral Advanced directive [ ANS: ] Incapacitated patients prior oral
© 2025 Assignment Expert
statement used as a guide to their wishes
1. Informed
Guru01 - Stuvia
2. Specific
3. Repeated
Living will [ ANS: ] Description of treatments if patient is
incapacitated or unable to communicate
Durable power of attorney [ ANS: ] Surrogate that makes decision
on behalf of incapacitated patient
Surrogate decision-making [ ANS: ] Must know the patient. Priority
order:
1. Spouse
2. Adult Children
3. Parents
4. Adult siblings
5. Other relatives
, 4
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Confidentiality [ ANS: ] Cannot reveal information learned while
treating patient.
1 Privacy and autonomy
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Harm to self or others
- homocide or suicide
2. No way to warn/protect those at risk
- Certain infectious diseases
© 2025 Assignment Expert
TARASOFF DECISION:
- physician can directly inform and protect potential victim from
Guru01 - Stuvia
harm
Ethical situation Problem/Solution
Problem:
Family asks about prognosis [ ANS: ] Do not discuss without patient
permission
Ethical situations to remember [ ANS: ] Almost NEVER THE ANSWER
1. Going to superior, court, ethics comittee
2. Refer patient to another physician
REMEMBER:
1. Patient wishes and comfort come first
2. Competent patients have the right to refuse treatment,
procedures, and disclosure of information
3. Get more information and asking open ended questions before
making a decision
