NUR 2474 Pharmacology Exam 1: Modules 1-3.: Rasmussen: Questions & Answers: Guaranteed A+ Score: Latest Updated

NUR 2474 Pharmacology Exam 1: Modules 1-3.: Rasmussen: Questions & Answers: Guaranteed A+ Score: Latest Updated /. what things should we always do when giving methylphenidate to a child with ADHD - Answer-- ALWAYS: give the drug in the morning, after breakfast, and give the last dose before 4pm, or else the child will not sleep at night /.which 3 drugs are controlled substances and highly abused? - Answer-- amphetamines, - barbiturates, - methylphenidate /.what is the purpose of drug treatment with Alzheimer Disease patients - Answer-- there is treatment to help slow down the progression of the disease, but to not cure it /.how does donepezil work - Answer-- it slows the progression of Alzheimers disease by causing reversible inhibition of cholinesterase and the cholinergic receptors. /.what should we do when discontinuing an antidepressant (or any medication) - Answer-- if antidepressant is stopped cold turkey, withdrawal syndrome can occur. - we must gradually taper the drug slowly and have the HCP taper it. - do not let patient taper drug by themselves /.what are signs and symptoms of withdrawal syndrome? - Answer-- HA, - Nausea, - visual disturbances, - sweating, - dizziness, - tremors /.what is the relationship between sertraline and nursing infants? - Answer-- when this drug is used with a patient who is pregnant or nursing infants, the infant can have neonatal abstinence syndrome occur /.what should we educate pregnant or nursing moms about when using sertraline? - Answer-- We must educate the patient on potentially using other medications during this time period, as it can cause potential birth defects and the baby to become sick. /.explain the relationship between fluoxetine and alcohol abuse - Answer-- when this drug is used with alcohol abuse, it can interact with the medication and make the patient very sick.. /.what should we teach the patient regarding alcohol use - Answer-- the patient must avoid alcohol while taking most medications /.what is the first line medication used to stop a seizure? - Answer-- diazepam (benzo) by IM /.. explain side effect - Answer-- unavoidable secondary drug effects produced at therapeutic doses. - May be unwanted, but unavoidable and expected. /.explain adverse effect - Answer-- undesired and unexpected severe responses to a medication. They do have the potential to cause harm. /.explain allergies/anaphylaxis - Answer-- an immune response to a medication that causes a reaction that can be mild to life threatening /.what are s/s of allergic reactions? - Answer-- itchy, - rash, - hives, - wheezes, - SOB, - swelling of face, - lips and throat. /.what should we do if we a patient actively in allergic reaction? - Answer-- stop the medication, - call the doctor, - D/C lines, - check for antidotes, and - give emergency care based on ABC's /.what should we do before giving any medication? - Answer-- ask about patient allergies to medications and what happens when they take them. - remember if they report they get any s/s of allergic run with medication use, we must hold med and call dr. /.explain intended drug effects - Answer-- effects that we want to see and that are therapeutic when using the drug. Ex: with an antidepressant, we want to see a mood change, because that is the intended use of the drug. /.explain teratogenic effect - Answer-- a drug induced birth defect that can cause harm to the fetus /.Why we do not allow pregnant moms or those lactating to not take certain medications - Answer-- so they do not harm their child. /.. explain paradoxical effect - Answer-- The opposite of the intended drug response /.example of paradoxical response - Answer-- Benzo's may be used for sedation and insomnia treatment, but may instead cause them to stay up, have excitement, and to be rowdy. The opposite. /.explain tolerance - Answer-- occurs when there is a long term reduced responsiveness to a medication over time, causing the medication to not produce a therapeutic effect. Will need to increase the dose to get the same effect. Will be higher dose but the effects will be seen. will take longer to wean also /.explain dependence - Answer-- the patient gets used to the drug and cannot stop using it. When they do stop the med cold turkey they can have withdrawal symptoms. Why we have to wean and taper the drug /.explain addiction - Answer-- occurs when the patient abuses the drug and uses it for pleasure instead as prescribed. /.why may we give a atypical antipsychotic medication (2nd generation)? - Answer-- when one cannot handle the EPS that the 1stgeneration drugs produce. /.which patient populations should we not use a atypical antipsychotic with? - Answer-- those with diabetes, those with high cholesterol /.what can the atypical antipsychotics cause? - Answer-- drug onset diabetes, drug onset high cholesterol, weight gain /.why should not we use an atypical antipsychotic with a patient with dementia? - Answer-- It will not work to control the disease and will exaggerate the psychosis. They will need a cholinesterase inhibitor /.how can we give antipsychotic medications? - Answer-- Depot IM injection or PO /.what can atypical antipsychotics be used to treat - Answer-- schizophrenia, - bipolar and