NS 233 EXAM 1 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
When do atrial dysrhythmias need to be treated? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When symptoms occur
Assessment findings that require attention (atrial dysrhythmias) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Pale, cool,
clammy (damp) skin
- Nausea and vomiting (N/V)
- Dizziness, weakness, and faintness,
- SOB
- Hypotension
- Dyspnea
- Tachycardia
- Diaphoresis
- Mild to severe chest pain
- Confusion or disorientation
- Cyanosis
- Decreased urinary output
- Unresponsiveness
Normal PR interval - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Less than or equal to 0.20
Normal QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Less than or equal to 0.12
Normal QT interval - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Less than or equal to 0.44
Premature atrial complex - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A complex occurring earlier than the next expected
complex; earlier beat than what's expected
PAC facts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅and a compensatory or non compensatory pause
,With a PAC, the _____ may have _________? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅P waves, different appearances
PAC's occur w/in? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅W/in sinus rhythms, considered irregular
PAC's may have a _____ or ______ after it occurs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅compensatory, non-
compensatory pause
Causes of PAC's - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅anxiety, caffeine, nicotine, medications, exercise
Because a PAC is ______ a rhythm, merely a ________ of what's happening, it must be written as
________ w/ ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅not, description, x rhythm, PAC
Treatment of a PAC - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅based on symptoms, always assess the patient
Supraventricular tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sudden onset of tachycardia, any rate greater
than 151
Characteristics of SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅P-waves are present but not usually visible, meaning it
can be difficult to measure a PR interval + QT interval = measure QRS
An SVT rhythm is ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅regular
What is the difference between SVT + tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅SVT is a rate of 151 or more,
while tachycardia is a rate of 100-150
Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅rate below 60 bpm
SVT may be seen with what? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caffeine, nicotine, and some street drugs
Assessment of an SVT patient - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅HR, and symptoms
, Goal of treating SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Slow the HR down and convert to sinus rhythm, then treat
symptoms
Treatment of SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Valvasa maneuver; bear down,
Medication
Cardioversion
Medications used to treat SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Slow HR: Beta blockers, calcium channel
blockers,
Convert to sinus rhythm: Adenosine
Atrial fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increased irritability of atrial tissue, electrical impulses are
generated in various places in the atria, the atria quiver and are disorganized.
Characteristics of A-fib - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Wavy baseline w/no true p-waves; cannot measure a
PT or QT interval, R-R intervals and rhythm irregular; secondary to random electrical impulses going
through AV node. Only need to measure QRS.
What does A-fib occur with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅MI or Heart disease
In an EKG, what are atria represented by? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅P-Waves
Assessment of atrial fib - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- What is the HR?
- What symptoms are they displaying?
Goals of A-fib treatment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Prevent thromboembolic complications
Control HR (60-100 bpm) (some can live in a-fib, but not a fast a-fib)
Convert to Sinus
When do atrial dysrhythmias need to be treated? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When symptoms occur
Assessment findings that require attention (atrial dysrhythmias) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Pale, cool,
clammy (damp) skin
- Nausea and vomiting (N/V)
- Dizziness, weakness, and faintness,
- SOB
- Hypotension
- Dyspnea
- Tachycardia
- Diaphoresis
- Mild to severe chest pain
- Confusion or disorientation
- Cyanosis
- Decreased urinary output
- Unresponsiveness
Normal PR interval - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Less than or equal to 0.20
Normal QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Less than or equal to 0.12
Normal QT interval - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Less than or equal to 0.44
Premature atrial complex - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A complex occurring earlier than the next expected
complex; earlier beat than what's expected
PAC facts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅and a compensatory or non compensatory pause
,With a PAC, the _____ may have _________? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅P waves, different appearances
PAC's occur w/in? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅W/in sinus rhythms, considered irregular
PAC's may have a _____ or ______ after it occurs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅compensatory, non-
compensatory pause
Causes of PAC's - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅anxiety, caffeine, nicotine, medications, exercise
Because a PAC is ______ a rhythm, merely a ________ of what's happening, it must be written as
________ w/ ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅not, description, x rhythm, PAC
Treatment of a PAC - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅based on symptoms, always assess the patient
Supraventricular tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Sudden onset of tachycardia, any rate greater
than 151
Characteristics of SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅P-waves are present but not usually visible, meaning it
can be difficult to measure a PR interval + QT interval = measure QRS
An SVT rhythm is ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅regular
What is the difference between SVT + tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅SVT is a rate of 151 or more,
while tachycardia is a rate of 100-150
Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅rate below 60 bpm
SVT may be seen with what? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caffeine, nicotine, and some street drugs
Assessment of an SVT patient - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅HR, and symptoms
, Goal of treating SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Slow the HR down and convert to sinus rhythm, then treat
symptoms
Treatment of SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Valvasa maneuver; bear down,
Medication
Cardioversion
Medications used to treat SVT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Slow HR: Beta blockers, calcium channel
blockers,
Convert to sinus rhythm: Adenosine
Atrial fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increased irritability of atrial tissue, electrical impulses are
generated in various places in the atria, the atria quiver and are disorganized.
Characteristics of A-fib - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Wavy baseline w/no true p-waves; cannot measure a
PT or QT interval, R-R intervals and rhythm irregular; secondary to random electrical impulses going
through AV node. Only need to measure QRS.
What does A-fib occur with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅MI or Heart disease
In an EKG, what are atria represented by? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅P-Waves
Assessment of atrial fib - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- What is the HR?
- What symptoms are they displaying?
Goals of A-fib treatment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Prevent thromboembolic complications
Control HR (60-100 bpm) (some can live in a-fib, but not a fast a-fib)
Convert to Sinus
