AAERT CER Exam
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1. Methods of audio recording: Analog and digital
2. Microphone: Converts acoustical energy that is sound into electrical signal that can be delivered to either an
analog or digital device
3. Path of digital audio: To change the analog signal to a digital signal it will need to pass through an analog
to digital
converter (digital mixer or A/D converter)
4. Sample rate: Number of samples taken each second when recording sound. (44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, et cetera)
5. Bit rate: the number of bits transferred or received per unit of time (usually 16 or 24 bits)
6. Low sampling rate: Approximation
7. High sampling rate: Smooth
8. Digital mixer or A/D converter: The digital mixer, or A/D converter, will output the signal through one
of a variety of connections such as USB, FireWire (IEEE 1394), serial, local computer bus, or Ethernet.
9. Dynamic Microphone: (Moving coil) - made up of diaphragm, a coil, and a magnet. As acoustical energy
hits against the diaphragm, which is a flat plate at the front of the microphone, it causes the coil that is attached to
it to move back and forth over the top of the magnet. The movement of the coil over top of the magnet creates an
electrical signal which travels through the wires within the microphone and eventually reaches your digital mixer or
A/D converter.
10. Condenser Microphone: Consists of a front plate (diaphragm), back plate, and a 48-volt power source.
The front and back plate together create a capacitor. When acoustical energy hits the front plate of the capacitor, the
distance between the front and back plate changes. The gap between these two plates is electrically charged. This
charge is created by either an internal battery source or an external power source referred to as phantom power.
11. Should you use microphones with batteries?: No. If a battery would die during use, you could
have a gap in your recording, and you would need to interrupt the event you are reporting to fix this problem.
12. Digital mixers and A/D converters act as: Phantom power source for condenser microphones
13. Biggest difference between dynamic and condenser microphones: The way by
which acoustical energy is transformed into electrical energy, one assisted by an electrical source and the other by a
magnet. Both are capable of facilitating a quality audio recording and are recommended for use in the field of digital
reporting.
14. Pickup pattern: Set path in which a microphone will intercept sound
15. Cardioid pickup pattern: Unidirectional - heart-shaped pattern which reaches out from the diaphragm
of a microphone. Beneficial for single voice located in front of mic while rejecting additional ambient room sound from
behind the mic and lower sensitivity on the sides
1/8
, AAERT CER Exam
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16. Omnidirectional pickup pattern: Intercepts sound from all directions from its placement, meaning
it captures sound equally from all directions. Beneficial for capturing multiple voices using only one microphone or
when you have more speakers than available recording channels. Use carefully to avoid noisy recordings or voices
covering one another if speaking simultaneously.
17. Dynamic Microphone: Very good for spoken word in a very controlled environment. Not designed for
long-range pickup or varying pickup patterns
18. Condenser Microphone: Offer more flexibility and lighter-weight products, but comes with more
responsibility on reporter for understanding how to adjust for different environments.
19. Gooseneck Microphone: Has a solid base which rests on a desk or table. From the base, a long flexible
neck with a narrow condenser microphone attached to the end extends out towards the speaker. Oftentimes has a
button that can toggle the microphone on and off to keep confidential conversations from appearing on the record.
20. Low profile boundary Microphone: Lay flat on desk or table and are commonly no more than an
inch or two thick. have a solid base which rests on a desk or table. This type of mic tends to pick up a lot of ambient
noise and parties tend to place papers on top of them.
21. Lavalier Microphone: Extremely small condenser mic that attaches directly to the speaker. These mics are
useful when the environment does not offer an opportunity to place a microphone in front of a speaker. Also effective in
a courtroom environment where attorneys tend to wander from place to place. Can be both wired and wireless. These
microphones require the use of batteries. Therefore, always have spare batteries on hand.
22. Phone connectors: 1/4" TS (Tip Sleeve) - 1/4" phone jack
1/4" TRS (Tip Ring Sleeve) - 1/4" phone jack
1/8 TRS (Tip Ring Sleeve) - 1/8" phone jack
23. If XLR cable is pinched, sliced or kinked what might you hear?: Static or nothing at
all.
24. XLR connectors: Most common. These cables are commonly referred to as mic cables, have a male end
and a female end. The male end of the connector has 3 pins on the inside which seat within a female XLR jack. This
connection commonly occurs at a mixer. The female end consists of 3 sockets which allow the male end to connect.
In most cases, mics have a male connection permanently installed in them where the female end of the cable connects.
One exception is a mic that is hard wired. This means that the cable is permanently attached to the microphone and
the only connector would be the male end that connects to a mixer.
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hytssd
1. Methods of audio recording: Analog and digital
2. Microphone: Converts acoustical energy that is sound into electrical signal that can be delivered to either an
analog or digital device
3. Path of digital audio: To change the analog signal to a digital signal it will need to pass through an analog
to digital
converter (digital mixer or A/D converter)
4. Sample rate: Number of samples taken each second when recording sound. (44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, et cetera)
5. Bit rate: the number of bits transferred or received per unit of time (usually 16 or 24 bits)
6. Low sampling rate: Approximation
7. High sampling rate: Smooth
8. Digital mixer or A/D converter: The digital mixer, or A/D converter, will output the signal through one
of a variety of connections such as USB, FireWire (IEEE 1394), serial, local computer bus, or Ethernet.
9. Dynamic Microphone: (Moving coil) - made up of diaphragm, a coil, and a magnet. As acoustical energy
hits against the diaphragm, which is a flat plate at the front of the microphone, it causes the coil that is attached to
it to move back and forth over the top of the magnet. The movement of the coil over top of the magnet creates an
electrical signal which travels through the wires within the microphone and eventually reaches your digital mixer or
A/D converter.
10. Condenser Microphone: Consists of a front plate (diaphragm), back plate, and a 48-volt power source.
The front and back plate together create a capacitor. When acoustical energy hits the front plate of the capacitor, the
distance between the front and back plate changes. The gap between these two plates is electrically charged. This
charge is created by either an internal battery source or an external power source referred to as phantom power.
11. Should you use microphones with batteries?: No. If a battery would die during use, you could
have a gap in your recording, and you would need to interrupt the event you are reporting to fix this problem.
12. Digital mixers and A/D converters act as: Phantom power source for condenser microphones
13. Biggest difference between dynamic and condenser microphones: The way by
which acoustical energy is transformed into electrical energy, one assisted by an electrical source and the other by a
magnet. Both are capable of facilitating a quality audio recording and are recommended for use in the field of digital
reporting.
14. Pickup pattern: Set path in which a microphone will intercept sound
15. Cardioid pickup pattern: Unidirectional - heart-shaped pattern which reaches out from the diaphragm
of a microphone. Beneficial for single voice located in front of mic while rejecting additional ambient room sound from
behind the mic and lower sensitivity on the sides
1/8
, AAERT CER Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hytssd
16. Omnidirectional pickup pattern: Intercepts sound from all directions from its placement, meaning
it captures sound equally from all directions. Beneficial for capturing multiple voices using only one microphone or
when you have more speakers than available recording channels. Use carefully to avoid noisy recordings or voices
covering one another if speaking simultaneously.
17. Dynamic Microphone: Very good for spoken word in a very controlled environment. Not designed for
long-range pickup or varying pickup patterns
18. Condenser Microphone: Offer more flexibility and lighter-weight products, but comes with more
responsibility on reporter for understanding how to adjust for different environments.
19. Gooseneck Microphone: Has a solid base which rests on a desk or table. From the base, a long flexible
neck with a narrow condenser microphone attached to the end extends out towards the speaker. Oftentimes has a
button that can toggle the microphone on and off to keep confidential conversations from appearing on the record.
20. Low profile boundary Microphone: Lay flat on desk or table and are commonly no more than an
inch or two thick. have a solid base which rests on a desk or table. This type of mic tends to pick up a lot of ambient
noise and parties tend to place papers on top of them.
21. Lavalier Microphone: Extremely small condenser mic that attaches directly to the speaker. These mics are
useful when the environment does not offer an opportunity to place a microphone in front of a speaker. Also effective in
a courtroom environment where attorneys tend to wander from place to place. Can be both wired and wireless. These
microphones require the use of batteries. Therefore, always have spare batteries on hand.
22. Phone connectors: 1/4" TS (Tip Sleeve) - 1/4" phone jack
1/4" TRS (Tip Ring Sleeve) - 1/4" phone jack
1/8 TRS (Tip Ring Sleeve) - 1/8" phone jack
23. If XLR cable is pinched, sliced or kinked what might you hear?: Static or nothing at
all.
24. XLR connectors: Most common. These cables are commonly referred to as mic cables, have a male end
and a female end. The male end of the connector has 3 pins on the inside which seat within a female XLR jack. This
connection commonly occurs at a mixer. The female end consists of 3 sockets which allow the male end to connect.
In most cases, mics have a male connection permanently installed in them where the female end of the cable connects.
One exception is a mic that is hard wired. This means that the cable is permanently attached to the microphone and
the only connector would be the male end that connects to a mixer.
2/8
