PHI 208 Week 3 Quiz GRADED A VERIFIED

PHI 208 Week 3 Quiz Question 1 1 / 1 pts Which of the following is a Kantian approach to helping a family in need? “I should only help them if it benefits me as well.” “I should do everything I can to help them, even if it means violating a moral duty.” “I should sympathize with them but recognize that the world is better off if we look out for our own interests.” Correct! “I should recognize that I would never want a world where people did not help each other, and thus help them the best I can.” Question 2 1 / 1 pts According to deontological ethics, duties are conditional upon the moral codes of the culture. rules of thumb open to frequent exceptions. at the service of fulfilling other people’s desires. Correct! independent of personal interests and desires. Question 3 1 / 1 pts Ursula is a student of Kantian philosophy who argues that we should never use people as a means to an end unless we can do so safely without their knowledge. we are certain that doing so will lead to the greatest overall happiness. Correct! we are simultaneously respecting their rational autonomy. they are guilty of breaking civil or moral law. Question 4 1 / 1 pts Agnes is a widow with disabilities in her late 60s. Due to these circumstances, she only has to pay half of her electricity and water bills. What would a deontologist say about this situation? Agnes is violating a duty to pay the exact same rates as everyone else. Agnes is acting wrongly by taking profit away from the companies that provide her electricity and water. Agnes has the right to pay only what she thinks is in her best interest. Correct! Agnes is acting morally since some duties, like the duty to pay one’s bills, apply differently in different circumstances. Question 5 1 / 1 pts What is one way Lilly can determine if her actions respect her friends as ends-in-themselves? Lilly threatens her friends to get them to accept her actions. Correct! Lilly ensures that her friends understand her reasons for acting and willingly accept them. Lilly treats her friends well only when she thinks she can get something back in return. Lilly does whatever it takes to benefit them, even if it involves lying to or manipulating them. Question 6 1 / 1 pts For Kant, the respect we owe people has to do primarily with their __________. authority age Correct! humanity capacity to contribute to society Question 7 1 / 1 pts Immanuel Kant claims that the only thing that is moral without qualification is __________. self-fulfillment good results Correct! a good will a clear conscience Question 8 1 / 1 pts How would a deontologist respond to the fact that human rights advocates often peacefully protest or even break civil laws that they think are unjust? Correct! The advocates’ actions are moral because sometimes there are duties and moral laws higher than those prescribed by civil law. The advocates’ actions are immoral, but they do not know any better and cannot be held accountable for their ignorance. The advocates’ actions are immoral because the laws of a state or society are the ultimate standard. The advocates’ actions are moral because they make society as a whole better off. Question 9 1 / 1 pts According to Kant, suicide is moral if and only if one lives in a state or country where suicide is legal. Correct! immoral because it involves treating one’s autonomous will merely as a means to relieve suffering. moral if and only if one does not have family or friends who would be hurt by it. immoral because it condemns one to eternal damnation. Question 10 1 / 1 pts According to Immanuel Kant, which of these is the LEAST important to moral action? moral law reason duty Correct! results Question 11 1 / 1 pts What is the primary reason for conducting Kant’s “universalization test”? to persuade others that our actions are morally justified Correct! to determine whether we are excepting ourselves from a policy we think everyone else should follow to see how well we can disguise our true intentions and motivations to avoid taking responsibility for our actions Question 12 1 / 1 pts According to Kant, respect for a person should be dependent upon the person’s potential contribution to society. dependent upon whether the person respects others. sometimes sacrificed for the greater good. Correct! always part of the end or purpose of one’s choices. Question 13 1 / 1 pts The duty to always treat humanity as an end-in-itself and never as a mere means is a(n) __________. useful standard hypothetical imperative Correct! categorical imperative imperfect duty Question 14 1 / 1 pts What does Kant mean when he uses “humanity” in the moral sense? Correct! our capacity to rationally and autonomously set and pursue our own ends our DNA structure our membership in the species Homo sapiens our capacity for experiences and desires Question 15 1 / 1 pts An action’s maxim is best understood as the expected overall utility of taking that action. Correct! policy or principle you would be following if you took that action. unconscious biological cause of that action. theory of what the consequences of that action will be. Question 16 1 / 1 pts In 2012, sports fans were saddened and outraged to learn that cycling superstar Lance Armstrong had used illegal performance-enhancing drugs for years. A deontologist would say that his actions were wrong because they were in the interest of his country rather than in his own interest. rebelled against the rules and regulations to prove a moral point. Correct! implied that laws and rules applied differently to him than to other athletes. implied that building up his body and improving his finishing times was important. Question 17 1 / 1 pts Which of these statements is one way to express Kant’s Categorical Imperative? Correct! Act as if the maxim of your action were to become by your will a universal law. Act so that the maxim of your action ensures the satisfaction of your desires. Act so that you always use yourself as a means to the greatest possible utility. Act so that you always use humanity as a means to the greatest possible utility. Question 18 1 / 1 pts According to Kant, what is the PRIMARY moral problem with making a false promise? Correct! It treats the other person’s humanity as a mere means to an end. It causes harm to society. It causes harm to the other person. It causes harm to the agent (actor). Question 19 1 / 1 pts Professor Donovan is a Kantian philosopher. Therefore, she argues that the true value of “a good will” lies in the good feelings it produces in the person who has it. Correct! doing the right thing for no other reason than it is right. how much it can contribute to society. fulfilling other people’s desires. Question 20 1 / 1 pts A deontological moral theory regards the morality of actions as based on their consequences. Correct! based on duty. based on the notion of a virtuous character. relative to each person’s desires. Quiz Score: 20 out of 20 PreviousNext