Conceptual Actual Frequently Tested Exam
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1. When should immunizations be delayed?
Only for moderate or severe acute illnesses; not for minor illnesses.
2. Which vaccines are used for Rotavirus prevention?
Rotarix and Rotateq, each with specific multi-dose schedules.
3. What type of vaccines are contraindicated in immunodeficient children?
Live-virus vaccines (e.g., MMR, Varicella, Rotavirus).
4. What precaution is taken for children with known allergies?
Evaluate vaccine components and modify based on allergen (e.g.,
neomycin, eggs).
5. What is a rare adverse risk associated with the RV (Rotavirus) vaccine?
Intussusception — avoid vaccination in infants with prior history or
bowel anomalies.
6. Should premature infants follow an adjusted vaccine schedule?
No — vaccines are administered based on chronological age, not
corrected age.
7. Can children with chronic diseases receive vaccines?
Yes — chronic conditions are not contraindications to immunization.
8. What condition contraindicates administration of RV vaccines?
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID).
,9. When should vaccination be deferred in hospitalized children?
Defer until after recovery and discharge, unless indicated for outbreak
protection.
10.When should influenza vaccine be given to children with egg allergies?
May be administered with precautions and observation.
11.At what age should an infant have good head control?
By 3 months.
12.When should an infant be able to sit without support?
Around 6 months.
13.At what age does the pincer grasp typically develop?
Between 8–10 months.
14.When do most children begin walking independently?
By 12 months (1 year).
15.When does babbling peak and transition to word usage?
Around 12 months.
16.When does expressive vocabulary significantly expand?
Between 12–24 months.
17.By what age should a child have 100% speech comprehension?
Kindergarten age (around 5 years).
18.Tanner Stage 1:
Prepubertal; no pubic hair or breast/testicular development.
19.Tanner Stage 2:
Sparse, soft pubic hair; breast buds in females, initial testicular growth
in males.
20.Tanner Stage 3:
Coarser, darker pubic hair; penile lengthening in males.
, 21.Tanner Stage 4:
Adult-type pubic hair (not on thighs); areola mound formation in
females.
22.Tanner Stage 5:
Full adult genitalia and pubic hair distribution.
23.At what age do symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) typically
appear?
Before age 3.
24.When should a PAP test first be performed?
At age 21, regardless of sexual activity.
25.What does HPV testing identify?
High-risk subtypes of human papillomavirus linked to cervical cancer.
26.What is colposcopy used for?
Visual examination of the cervix after abnormal PAP results.
27.How is vaginal candidiasis treated?
Topical or oral antifungals such as clotrimazole or fluconazole.
28.What is the management for a Bartholin’s gland cyst?
Incision and drainage, insertion of a Word catheter for 4–6 weeks.
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) – PALM-COEIN Classification
Category Cause Description
P Polyp Benign endometrial growth
A Adenomyosis Endometrial tissue invades myometrium
L Leiomyoma Uterine fibroids (smooth muscle tumors)
, Category Cause Description
M Malignancy/Hyperplasia Precancerous or cancerous change
C Coagulopathy Bleeding disorder
Hormonal imbalance causing irregular
O Ovulatory dysfunction
ovulation
E Endometrial Primary endometrial disorder
I Iatrogenic Caused by medication or device
N Not yet classified Other causes
29.What is PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome)?
A hormonal imbalance characterized by anovulation, insulin resistance,
and androgen excess.
30.What hormone indicates adrenal contribution to androgen excess?
DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate).
31.What lab is ordered to evaluate thyroid involvement in menstrual
irregularities?
TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone).
32.Which test best screens for diabetes in women with PCOS or obesity?
OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) — preferred over A1c.
Metabolic syndrome - ANSWER Cluster of conditions increasing heart disease
risk.
Weight reduction - ANSWER 10% loss improves insulin and menstrual
function.