Pearson Anatomy & Physiology – Chapter 16 Summary
| Endocrine System Overview
The major targets of growth hormone are ________.
bones and skeletal muscles
What ion is sometimes used as a second messenger of amino acid-based hormones?
calcium
Normal development of the immune response is due in part to hormones produced by the
________.
thymus gland
As a result of stress the anterior pituitary releases ________, which stimulates release of
hormones from the adrenal cortex that retain sodium and water, increase blood sugar, and begin
breaking down fats.
ACTH
In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone, the DNA
of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the cells of the target
organ. This is known as ________.
up-regulation
The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is NOT a true endocrine gland because ________.
it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for release
Which of the following hormones suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure?
leptin
Which of the following is NOT a category of endocrine gland stimulus?
enzymatic
Thyroid hormone (a small iodinated amine) enters target cells in a manner similar to ________.
steroid hormones, because both diffuse easily into target cells
Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus ________.
first enter into the hypophyseal portal system
, A man has been told that he is NOT synthesizing enough follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),
and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement to explain
this problem.
FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.
Which of the following is NOT a steroid-based hormone?
epinephrine
Gluconeogenesis, the formation of glucose from fats and proteins, is due to the action of
________.
cortisol
During an afternoon class, Lisa starts to feel hungry and worries that her blood sugar level may
be dropping. Which hormone is helping to prevent a drop in blood sugar level?
glucagon
Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second-messenger systems include ________.
possible activation of several different second-messenger systems
Which of the following can act on receptors inside the target cell that directly activate specific
genes?
testosterone
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?
polycythemia
Which of the following is NOT a type of hormone interaction?
feedback
Which of the following is NOT a parathyroid gland mechanism to maintain adequate levels of
blood calcium?
inhibition of calcitonin synthesis
Thyroxine is a peptide hormone, but its mechanism is different from other peptide hormones.
Which of the following statements is true concerning this difference?
It does not require a second messenger to cause a response.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ________.
secretion is inhibited by alcohol
| Endocrine System Overview
The major targets of growth hormone are ________.
bones and skeletal muscles
What ion is sometimes used as a second messenger of amino acid-based hormones?
calcium
Normal development of the immune response is due in part to hormones produced by the
________.
thymus gland
As a result of stress the anterior pituitary releases ________, which stimulates release of
hormones from the adrenal cortex that retain sodium and water, increase blood sugar, and begin
breaking down fats.
ACTH
In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone, the DNA
of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the cells of the target
organ. This is known as ________.
up-regulation
The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is NOT a true endocrine gland because ________.
it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for release
Which of the following hormones suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure?
leptin
Which of the following is NOT a category of endocrine gland stimulus?
enzymatic
Thyroid hormone (a small iodinated amine) enters target cells in a manner similar to ________.
steroid hormones, because both diffuse easily into target cells
Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus ________.
first enter into the hypophyseal portal system
, A man has been told that he is NOT synthesizing enough follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),
and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement to explain
this problem.
FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.
Which of the following is NOT a steroid-based hormone?
epinephrine
Gluconeogenesis, the formation of glucose from fats and proteins, is due to the action of
________.
cortisol
During an afternoon class, Lisa starts to feel hungry and worries that her blood sugar level may
be dropping. Which hormone is helping to prevent a drop in blood sugar level?
glucagon
Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second-messenger systems include ________.
possible activation of several different second-messenger systems
Which of the following can act on receptors inside the target cell that directly activate specific
genes?
testosterone
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?
polycythemia
Which of the following is NOT a type of hormone interaction?
feedback
Which of the following is NOT a parathyroid gland mechanism to maintain adequate levels of
blood calcium?
inhibition of calcitonin synthesis
Thyroxine is a peptide hormone, but its mechanism is different from other peptide hormones.
Which of the following statements is true concerning this difference?
It does not require a second messenger to cause a response.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ________.
secretion is inhibited by alcohol
