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Which of the following specimens is likely to be considered STAT?
A. therapeutic drug levels
B. lactic acid
C. electrolytes
D. blood smears
Ans: lactic acid
Rationale
A lactic acid level is likely to be a STAT order as this analyte
deteriorates very quickly after being drawn and is usually
associated with emergency situations. Therapeutic drug levels,
electrolytes and blood smears are much more stable analytes.
A phlebotomist is assigned to manage an outpatient draw station.
Prioritize the following patients in the correct order.
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A. 2-hour post-prandial glucose level due in 40 minutes
B. type and screen on a pre-operative patient due for surgery that day
C.weekly PT/INR
D.STAT troponin level on a patient sent over from a doctor's office
Ans: STAT troponin level on a patient sent over from a doc tor's
office, type and screen on a pre-operative patient due for
surgery that day, 2-hour post-prandial glucose level due in 40
minutes, weekly PT/INR
Rationale
It is important that a phlebotomist be able to prioritize blood
draw orders. This assures that patients get correct and timely
medical treatment. A STAT troponin level is used to triage the
possibility of heart attack. The type and screen for surgery the
same day is needed so the Blood Bank staff can assure blood
components can be ready if necessary. For accurate results,
timed tests need to be drawn within a certain window. The
weekly PT/INR can be done anytime.
A phlebotomist performs a blood draw testing for CBC, chemistry, and
bilirubin. After the draw, the phlebotomist wraps the bilirubin tube in
aluminum foil. Which of the following was the reason for the wrapping
of the bilirubin tube?
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A. To cool down the specimen.
B. To maintain the specimen at 37 degrees Celsius.
C. To protect specimen from light.
D. To prevent contamination of the specimen.
Ans: To protect specimen from light.
Rationale
Levels of bilirubin are susceptible to deterioration if exposed to
light. Bilirubin is the most sensitive - it may drop in
concentration as much as 50% in one hour. Therefore these
tests are protected from light by either wrapping the specimen
in aluminum foil or transferring the spun serum or plasma to a
brown aliquot tube. The specimen does not have to be cooled
down or maintained at body temperature (37oC). Also, the foil
wrapping does not prevent contamination of the specimen.
Which of the following correctly matches the test with the appropriate
special handling instructions?
A. vitamin A specimen kept warm using a heating pack
B. cryoglobulin level protected from light with aluminum foil
C. ammonia level kept warm using a heating pack
D. lactic acid chilled in slurry of ice and water
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Ans: lactic acid chilled in slurry of ice and water
Rationale
Some blood specimens require special treatment and handling
to preserve the analyte while being transported to the lab for
testing. Lactic acid and ammonia are chilled in ice slurries as
they deteriorate very quickly at room temperature.
Cryoglobulin must be kept at body temperature (in a 37 degree
C heat block) until analysis can begin. Vitamin A samples need
to be protected from light and may be wrapped with aluminum
foil.
The phlebotomist draws blood from a patient in an isolation room. The
specimen should be properly taken to the lab in a
A. red biohazard bag
B. yellow bag
C. biohazard transport bag
D. brown paper bag
Ans: biohazard transport bag
Rationale
Biohazard transport bags are used to transfer specimens to the
lab in an effort to prevent the spread on infection. There are
two pockets. The inside one holds the specimen and the outside
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