Penn Foster A&P 1 Study Guide questions with answers

Penn Foster A&P 1 Study Guide questions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




with answers
|\ |\




Define the terms anatomy and physiology. - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔- Anatomy: the study of the structure of the animal body and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


the relationship among its parts
|\ |\ |\ |\




- Physiology: the study of how the body functions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What are the main body systems? What do they do (brief
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


description)? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Integumentary: protects
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


the body's contents and keeps them confined; chiefly prevents
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


dessication and rampant infection |\ |\ |\




- Sensory (Cranial):
|\ |\ |\




- Respiratory:
|\




- Cardiovascular:
|\




- Digestive:
|\




- Urinary:
|\




- Reproductive:
|\




- Endocrine:
|\




- Skeletal:
|\




- Muscular:
|\




- Nervous:
|\




List the organelles of a typical cell and give their functions. -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Nucleus: site of transcription(transfer of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\

, genetic code from DNA to mRNA) and production of ribosomal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


subunits
- Mitochondria: site of cellular respiration, which produces ATP
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




- Endoplasmic reticulum: RER produces, modifies and packages
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


secretory proteins; SER produces, modifies and packages lipids
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


and carbohydrates
|\




- Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




- Cellular membrane: protects and encloses the cellular contents
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Explain the processes by which substances enter and exit the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


cell. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Endocytosis: the cell membrane
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


engulfs the material and pinches off at the ends to form a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


vesicle; includes pinocytosis and phagocytosis
|\ |\ |\ |\




- Exocytosis: passage of materials too large to diffuse through the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


cell membrane by packaging them in vesicles, transporting them
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


to the cell membrane, and then pressing them out of the cell.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What is the difference between active and passive transport
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


processes? Give examples. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Active
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


transport requires energy to move ions or molecules against a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


concentration gradient. Passive transport does not require |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


energy. Examples of active transport include facilitated diffusion,,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


endocytosis and exocytosis; examples of passive transport
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


include diffusion, osmosis and filtration.
|\ |\ |\ |\




What is the formula for aerobic cellular respiration/cellular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


formula for nutrition? (they are the same thing - give both words
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


and chemical formula) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C6H12O6
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


(glucose) + 6O2 (oxygen) yields 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


(water)