LPN pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
with Complete Answers
diseases that can impact the ability or efficiency of the respiratory system -
ANSWER-*asthma
*chronic bronchitis
*emphysema
*lung cancer
*infections
-common cold
-pneumonia
Cause of COPD - ANSWER-*smoking
*polluted air
*chemical irritants
*genetic predisposition
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - ANSWER-chronic, disabling
disorder that causes destruction of alveolar walls. This destruction creates unequal
areas of the ventilation and perfusion in the body, and oxygen and carbon dioxide
exchange is impaired. Patients experience difficulty in expiration. (simplified version:
a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs)
COPD patients are seldom symptom-free, and medications are administered to
dilate the bronchioles and help thin secretions
s/s: breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production, and wheezing
COPD is irreversible
environmental allergens that can cause allergic reactions - ANSWER-*dust
*plant pollen
*pet dander
*food
*insect bites
what rescue inhaler is for an asthma attack and is fast-acting? - ANSWER-
*Bronchodilators --> Short-Acting Beta2 Agonists (SABA)
-Albuterol
<< also called a sympathomimetic medication>>
what class of inhaled meds would be used to relieve inflammation of the airways? -
ANSWER-corticosteroids
Bronchodilators
, *action
*common drugs include and what they treat
*(drug name) - ANSWER-*relax the airway smooth muscles, allowing lumen of
airways to widen
*Common drugs include:
-SABA --> used during asthma attacks or just before engaging in activity that triggers
an attack (albuterol)
-Long-acting beta2 agonists (LABA) --> prevent an asthma attack or bronchospasms
(Formoterol)
-anticholinergics (cholinergic antagonists)--> prevent asthma attack or
bronchospasms (tiotropium)
Sympathomimetic drugs
*action
*used for? - ANSWER-*action
-relax smooth muscle of bronchi (dilate)
-vasoconstriction of blood vessels in body (↓ mucosal and submucosal edema)
-↑ rate and force of heart contraction
*used for:
-relief of symptoms of bronchospasm in acute or chronic asthma, bronchitis, and
COPD
common side effects for anticholinergic medications? - ANSWER-4 Can'ts
*can't see
*can't pee
*can't spit
*can't poop
Xanthines
*action
*used for?
*can cause? - ANSWER-*action
-relax smooth muscle in bronchi and blood vessels in lungs
-directly act on the kidney to produce an ↑ in urine production
-CNS effects
*used for?
-adjunctive therapy for bronchospasm in acute and chronic bronchial asthma,
bronchitis, emphysema
-treatment of neonatal apnea
-acute pulmonary edema
*can cause:
-myocardial stimulation
-↑breathing rate
-have effects on metabolism
-release epinephrine form adrenal medulla
Anti-inflammatory drugs
*action
*common drugs include and what they treat
*(drug name) - ANSWER-*counteract inflammation and swelling
with Complete Answers
diseases that can impact the ability or efficiency of the respiratory system -
ANSWER-*asthma
*chronic bronchitis
*emphysema
*lung cancer
*infections
-common cold
-pneumonia
Cause of COPD - ANSWER-*smoking
*polluted air
*chemical irritants
*genetic predisposition
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - ANSWER-chronic, disabling
disorder that causes destruction of alveolar walls. This destruction creates unequal
areas of the ventilation and perfusion in the body, and oxygen and carbon dioxide
exchange is impaired. Patients experience difficulty in expiration. (simplified version:
a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs)
COPD patients are seldom symptom-free, and medications are administered to
dilate the bronchioles and help thin secretions
s/s: breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production, and wheezing
COPD is irreversible
environmental allergens that can cause allergic reactions - ANSWER-*dust
*plant pollen
*pet dander
*food
*insect bites
what rescue inhaler is for an asthma attack and is fast-acting? - ANSWER-
*Bronchodilators --> Short-Acting Beta2 Agonists (SABA)
-Albuterol
<< also called a sympathomimetic medication>>
what class of inhaled meds would be used to relieve inflammation of the airways? -
ANSWER-corticosteroids
Bronchodilators
, *action
*common drugs include and what they treat
*(drug name) - ANSWER-*relax the airway smooth muscles, allowing lumen of
airways to widen
*Common drugs include:
-SABA --> used during asthma attacks or just before engaging in activity that triggers
an attack (albuterol)
-Long-acting beta2 agonists (LABA) --> prevent an asthma attack or bronchospasms
(Formoterol)
-anticholinergics (cholinergic antagonists)--> prevent asthma attack or
bronchospasms (tiotropium)
Sympathomimetic drugs
*action
*used for? - ANSWER-*action
-relax smooth muscle of bronchi (dilate)
-vasoconstriction of blood vessels in body (↓ mucosal and submucosal edema)
-↑ rate and force of heart contraction
*used for:
-relief of symptoms of bronchospasm in acute or chronic asthma, bronchitis, and
COPD
common side effects for anticholinergic medications? - ANSWER-4 Can'ts
*can't see
*can't pee
*can't spit
*can't poop
Xanthines
*action
*used for?
*can cause? - ANSWER-*action
-relax smooth muscle in bronchi and blood vessels in lungs
-directly act on the kidney to produce an ↑ in urine production
-CNS effects
*used for?
-adjunctive therapy for bronchospasm in acute and chronic bronchial asthma,
bronchitis, emphysema
-treatment of neonatal apnea
-acute pulmonary edema
*can cause:
-myocardial stimulation
-↑breathing rate
-have effects on metabolism
-release epinephrine form adrenal medulla
Anti-inflammatory drugs
*action
*common drugs include and what they treat
*(drug name) - ANSWER-*counteract inflammation and swelling
