Page 1 of 80
“IMMUNOLOGIC EMERGENCIES “ LATEST 2025
EXAM UPDATED 2025 – 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED
A+ (LATEST VERSION)
Paramedic Chapter 25 - Immunologic Emergencies - Multiple Choice
physiologic effects of histamine include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. increased vascular permeability
b. systemic vasodilation
c. increased cardiac contractility
d. severe bronchoconstriction
c. increased cardiac contractility
Following the primary response to a foreign substance, the body:
a. recognizes the substance such as foreign, but does not produce antibodies
until subsequent exposure
b. utilizes macrophages to immediately destroy the substance and eliminate it
from the body
c. develops sensitivity and is able to recognize the substance following
subsequent exposure
d. releases massive amounts of antigen-specific antibodies which produce a
severe allergic reaction
c. develops sensitivity and is able to recognize the substance following subsequent
exposure
what is the most common cardiac disorder associated with lupus?
a. valvular heart disease
, Page 2 of 80
b. pericarditis
c. endocarditis
d. pericardial effusion
b. pericarditis
what physiologic effect of anaphylactic shock is most commonly seen in
patients with neurogenic shock?
a. fluid leakage into the tissues
b. decreased cardiac contractility
c. widespread vasodilation
d. profound tachycardia
c. widespread vasodilation
which of the following clinical signs or symptoms are most indicative of upper
airway swelling in a patient expereincing a severe allergic reaction:
a. crackles and wheezing
b. chest tightness and dyspnea
c. facial edema and coughing
d. hoarseness and stridor
d. hoarseness and stridor
in contrast to cellular immunity, humoral immunity:
a. protects the body against foreign substances by antibodies that are located
exclusively in the lymph nodes
b. is the result of the bodys production of leukocytes called T cells that attack
and destroy invaders
c. is an acquired form of immunity that involves desensitization through the
use of immunizations
d. involves the use of antibodies dissolved in the blood plasma to fight off
invading organisms
d. involves the use of antibodies dissolved in the blood plasma to fight off invading
organisms
chest pain in patients with a heart transplant is uncommon because:
a. the newly-implanted heart without atherosclerosis.
b. the denervated heart cannot generate angina-like pain
c. most patients with heart transplants have diabetes
d. a ventricular assist device keeps the heart oxygenated
, Page 3 of 80
b. the denervated heart cannot generate angina-like pain
transport of a patient in anaphylactic shock may be delayed for all of the
following reasons except:
a. assessment of the lung sounds
b. a secondary assessment
c. epinephrine administration
d. aggressive airway control
b. a secondary assessment
systematic lupus erythematosus is a disease caused by:
a. marked deficiancy of neutrophils
b. primary immune system failure
c. a multisystem autoimmune disorder
d. excessive IgE antibody production
c. a multisystem autoimmune disorder
an unresponsive patient with signs of anaphylactic shock:
a. requires immediate antihistamine therapy
b. indicates cerebral hypoxia and hypercarbia
c. needs hyperventilation with a BVM
d. is often unable to be intubated successfully
b. indicates cerebral hypoxia and hypercarbia
the longer the time between exposure to a substance:
a. the less likely a severe anaphylactic reaction will occur.
b. the greater the chance that severe anaphylaxis will occur
c. the greater the chance of massive IgE antibody production
d. the less likely that any kind of allergic reaction will occur
a. the less likely a severe anaphylactic reaction will occur.
when administering an EpiPen to a 30yr old man with a severe allergic
reaction, you should recall that:
a. a 1:2,000 solution is used because the patient is an adult
b. the SQ route is used in order to achieve a rapid effect
c. 0.15mg is the usual dose delivered by the adult epipen
d. the drug cartridge contains 0.3 of a 1:1,000 solution
d. the drug cartridge contains 0.3 of a 1:1,000 solution
, Page 4 of 80
The MOST ominous respiratory sign in a patient with anaphylactic shock is:
a. loud expiratory wheezing
b. labored tachypnea
c. diminished lung sounds
d. diffuse coarse crackles
c. diminished lung sounds
Anaphylaxis is classified as a response mediated by____ antibodies:
a. IgE
b. IgG
c.IgA
d. IgD
a. IgE
which of the following statements regarding leukotrienes is correct:
a. leukotrienes attempt to mitigate the negative effects by histamine by
causing coronary vasodilation
b. in contrast to histamine, leukotrienes are less potent chemicals and do not
cause vasodilation
c. leukotrienes compound the physiologic effects of histamine and cause
additional bronchoconstriction
d. leukotriene release sitimulates the release of histamine, which increases the
severity of the allergic response
c. leukotrienes compound the physiologic effects of histamine and cause additional
bronchoconstriction
assessment of patients with collagen vascular diseases should focus on:
a. ruling out life threats
b. high does analgesia
c. high flow oxygen therapy
d. crystalloid fluid boluses
a. ruling out life threats
which of the following medications has the slowest onset of action when given
to a patient with a severe allergic reaction:
a. methlyprednisolone
b. epinephrine
“IMMUNOLOGIC EMERGENCIES “ LATEST 2025
EXAM UPDATED 2025 – 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED
A+ (LATEST VERSION)
Paramedic Chapter 25 - Immunologic Emergencies - Multiple Choice
physiologic effects of histamine include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. increased vascular permeability
b. systemic vasodilation
c. increased cardiac contractility
d. severe bronchoconstriction
c. increased cardiac contractility
Following the primary response to a foreign substance, the body:
a. recognizes the substance such as foreign, but does not produce antibodies
until subsequent exposure
b. utilizes macrophages to immediately destroy the substance and eliminate it
from the body
c. develops sensitivity and is able to recognize the substance following
subsequent exposure
d. releases massive amounts of antigen-specific antibodies which produce a
severe allergic reaction
c. develops sensitivity and is able to recognize the substance following subsequent
exposure
what is the most common cardiac disorder associated with lupus?
a. valvular heart disease
, Page 2 of 80
b. pericarditis
c. endocarditis
d. pericardial effusion
b. pericarditis
what physiologic effect of anaphylactic shock is most commonly seen in
patients with neurogenic shock?
a. fluid leakage into the tissues
b. decreased cardiac contractility
c. widespread vasodilation
d. profound tachycardia
c. widespread vasodilation
which of the following clinical signs or symptoms are most indicative of upper
airway swelling in a patient expereincing a severe allergic reaction:
a. crackles and wheezing
b. chest tightness and dyspnea
c. facial edema and coughing
d. hoarseness and stridor
d. hoarseness and stridor
in contrast to cellular immunity, humoral immunity:
a. protects the body against foreign substances by antibodies that are located
exclusively in the lymph nodes
b. is the result of the bodys production of leukocytes called T cells that attack
and destroy invaders
c. is an acquired form of immunity that involves desensitization through the
use of immunizations
d. involves the use of antibodies dissolved in the blood plasma to fight off
invading organisms
d. involves the use of antibodies dissolved in the blood plasma to fight off invading
organisms
chest pain in patients with a heart transplant is uncommon because:
a. the newly-implanted heart without atherosclerosis.
b. the denervated heart cannot generate angina-like pain
c. most patients with heart transplants have diabetes
d. a ventricular assist device keeps the heart oxygenated
, Page 3 of 80
b. the denervated heart cannot generate angina-like pain
transport of a patient in anaphylactic shock may be delayed for all of the
following reasons except:
a. assessment of the lung sounds
b. a secondary assessment
c. epinephrine administration
d. aggressive airway control
b. a secondary assessment
systematic lupus erythematosus is a disease caused by:
a. marked deficiancy of neutrophils
b. primary immune system failure
c. a multisystem autoimmune disorder
d. excessive IgE antibody production
c. a multisystem autoimmune disorder
an unresponsive patient with signs of anaphylactic shock:
a. requires immediate antihistamine therapy
b. indicates cerebral hypoxia and hypercarbia
c. needs hyperventilation with a BVM
d. is often unable to be intubated successfully
b. indicates cerebral hypoxia and hypercarbia
the longer the time between exposure to a substance:
a. the less likely a severe anaphylactic reaction will occur.
b. the greater the chance that severe anaphylaxis will occur
c. the greater the chance of massive IgE antibody production
d. the less likely that any kind of allergic reaction will occur
a. the less likely a severe anaphylactic reaction will occur.
when administering an EpiPen to a 30yr old man with a severe allergic
reaction, you should recall that:
a. a 1:2,000 solution is used because the patient is an adult
b. the SQ route is used in order to achieve a rapid effect
c. 0.15mg is the usual dose delivered by the adult epipen
d. the drug cartridge contains 0.3 of a 1:1,000 solution
d. the drug cartridge contains 0.3 of a 1:1,000 solution
, Page 4 of 80
The MOST ominous respiratory sign in a patient with anaphylactic shock is:
a. loud expiratory wheezing
b. labored tachypnea
c. diminished lung sounds
d. diffuse coarse crackles
c. diminished lung sounds
Anaphylaxis is classified as a response mediated by____ antibodies:
a. IgE
b. IgG
c.IgA
d. IgD
a. IgE
which of the following statements regarding leukotrienes is correct:
a. leukotrienes attempt to mitigate the negative effects by histamine by
causing coronary vasodilation
b. in contrast to histamine, leukotrienes are less potent chemicals and do not
cause vasodilation
c. leukotrienes compound the physiologic effects of histamine and cause
additional bronchoconstriction
d. leukotriene release sitimulates the release of histamine, which increases the
severity of the allergic response
c. leukotrienes compound the physiologic effects of histamine and cause additional
bronchoconstriction
assessment of patients with collagen vascular diseases should focus on:
a. ruling out life threats
b. high does analgesia
c. high flow oxygen therapy
d. crystalloid fluid boluses
a. ruling out life threats
which of the following medications has the slowest onset of action when given
to a patient with a severe allergic reaction:
a. methlyprednisolone
b. epinephrine
