Test Bank for Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care 6th Edition by Adler

,Chapter 01: Introduction to Imaging and Radiologic Sciences
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Adler: Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 6th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ss




1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as
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a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. ss ss




ANS: B
Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by passage of x-
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rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically referred to
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as radiographs.
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REF: p. 4 ss




2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is the
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result of radiation’s ability to create in human tissue and possible biochemical
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changes.
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a. ionizations
b. radio waves ss


c. sound waves ss


d. thermal changes ss




ANS: A
Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-rays, have the ability to ionize atoms in
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matter. These ionizations have the ability to disrupt the composition of matter and are
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capable of disrupting life processes. Special protection should be provided to prevent
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excessive exposure to ionizing radiation.
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REF: p. 3 ss




3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of
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medical diagnostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy to
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create a medical image. If a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing
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radiation, he or she may choose to order any of the following diagnostic modalities
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EXCEPT
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a. thermograms.
b. medical sonography. ss


c. radiography.
d. magnetic resonance imaging. ss ss




ANS: C
Radiography involves the use of x-rays for the production of medical images. Medical
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procedures such as thermograms, sonograms, and magnetic resonance scans use
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nonionizing energy forms and consequently do not produce ionizations in human tissue.
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They are regarded as nonionizing modalities for imaging and offer excellent alternatives
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to physicians concerned about radiation exposure to patients.
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, REF: s s s s s s pp. 3-4 ss




4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine.All of
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the following choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the
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a. use of high ethical standards of conduct.
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b. important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft. ss ss ss ss ss ss


c. importance of closely monitoring a patient’s condition and recovery.
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d. value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery.
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ANS: B
The Hippocratic Corpus is writings that they emphasize rational and natural explanations
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sfor the treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic oath still
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sgoverns the ethical conduct of physicians today.
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REF: p. 5 ss




5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded.
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These events have led to our current understanding of the human organism and
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ssdisease. As this research continues, much of it will most likely focus on
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a. proper sanitation and public health.ss ss ss ss


b. immunology and the development of vaccines. ss ss ss ss ss


c. germ theory and infection. ss ss ss


d. human genes and genetic engineering. ss ss ss ss




ANS: D
Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will continue for
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many years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers promises of
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s cures for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering, important
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pharmaceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will continue to focus on
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the genetic code in all cells.
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REF: p. 6 ss




6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen’s discovery of ―the x-ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s
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most significant achievements.Although his discovery was accidental, his early
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research was so thorough that no significant findings have been added to his original
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theories. This in itself is a true tribute to the brilliance of Roentgen as a scientist.
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One of the most famous early images he created was an x-ray image of his
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a. colon.
b. laboratory assistant’s foot. ss ss


c. wife’s hand. ss


d. kidneys.
ANS: C
November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created the
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famous image of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods,
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Roentgen identified the properties of x-rays.
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REF: p. 6 ss

, 7. Avaluable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
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a. mammography.
b. myelography.
c. arthrography.
d. coronary arteriography. ss




ANS: D
Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis,
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which can block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction).
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By way of a special catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of atherosclerosis is
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possible.
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This treatment of a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplasty. Angioplasty is used
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to treat patients without having to use invasive open-heart surgery.
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REF: p. 8 ss




8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography EXCEPT
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a. it is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
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b. the procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
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c. radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography. ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss


d. radiographers must be certified by theARRT to qualify for the mammography ss ss ss ss ss s ss ss ss ss ss


examination.
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ANS: B
Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for
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mammography procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-ray
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tube and high-resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create high-
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quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-ray
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equipment.
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REF: p. 8 ss




9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast
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material is administered into these vessels by using
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a. catheters.
b. stents.
c. balloons.
d. none of the above. ss ss ss




ANS: A
Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after injection
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of
ss a contrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through a
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catheter, which can be directed to a variety of major arteries or veins for
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visualization of these structures.
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REF: p. 8 ss




10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in
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medicine. An imaging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of
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radio waves and magnetic fields is
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a. nuclear imaging. ss


b. thermography.
c. CVIT.