FNP Pediatric Exam Practice
Questions and Answers
"boggy" nasal mucous membranes with serous drainage upon examination usually
suggests:
a. sinusitis
b. polyps
c. URI
d. allergic rhinitis - ANSWER-d
"incident to" billing is specific to:
a. Medicare
b. Medicaid
c. Medicare & Medicaid
d. Private insurance companies - ANSWER-a
1. A 10mo old child has been diagnosed with gastroenteritis. He attends a child care
facility. What is the most likely cause of his illness?
a. Clostridium difficile
b. Rotavirus
c. Salmonella
d. Cryptosporidium - ANSWER-b
1. A typical febrile seizure is most likely to be the problem of which of the following
children?
a. A 1yo with otitis media & a fever of 104F
b. A 3mo old with unequal pupils & bulging fontanels
c. An 11yo with fever of 101F who is on valproic acid for seizure disorder
d. A 5yo with bacterial meningitis - ANSWER-a
1. Baseline management of all neonates with ABO incompatibility includes:
a. Phototherapy
b. Serial monitoring of bilirubin & hemoglobin levels
c. Exchange transfusion
d. Simple transfusion of packed RBCs - ANSWER-b
1. Secondary hypothyroidism results from:
a. Excess release of thyroid hormone beyond the newborn period
b. Intrauterine exposure to thyrotoxic drugs
c. Disease or disorder of the thyroid gland itself
,d. Disease or disorder of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland compromising thyroid
function - ANSWER-d
1. Septicemia in the newborn period is likely caused by which organism?
a. Listeria monocytogenes
b. Haemophilus influenza
c. Neisseria meningitides
d. Streptococcus pneuomniae - ANSWER-a
1. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common pediatric urinary tract problems
seen in primary care. Which of the following statements is not true regarding UTIs?
a. Symptoms are often nonspecific, especially in infancy
b. Urine culture is required for definitive diagnosis
c. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is a drug of choice for most children
d. Radiologic studies are rarely indicated with first infection - ANSWER-d
1. Which of the following disorders is usually associated with adduction of the forefoot?
a. Internal femoral torsion
b. Talipes equinovarus congenital
c. Genu valgum
d. Internal tibial torsion - ANSWER-b
1. which of the following is a characteristic physical sign of fragile X syndrome in
adolescent males?
a. Small posteriorly rotated ears
b. Macroorchidism
c. Hypertonia
d. Double hair whirl - ANSWER-b
1. Which of the following is true for idiopathic scoliosis, which occurs primarily in
adolescents?
a. Mild curves occur equally between the sexes
b. Generally there is no family history
c. Back pain is usually associated with curves of 35 degrees or greater
d. Bracing is indicated for thoracic curves of 10-25 degrees - ANSWER-a
10. An 11yo girl is brought in by her mother complaining of severe headaches
associated with nausea & vomiting. Which of the following s/s would lead you to
consider a brain tumor as part of your differential diagnosis?
a. Throbbing pain accompanied by severe light sensitivity
b. Bilateral throbbing pain
c. Preceded by a visual aura
d. More severe in the morning followed by vomiting - ANSWER-d
10. For a newborn, the correct management of hip dislocation should include:
a. Use of flexion-abduction device such as Pavlik harness to stabilize hip
,b. Follow and observe closely for 3-4 weeks then refer to ortho
c. Surgical reduction
d. Traction for 6 weeks - ANSWER-a
10. Meatal stenosis, narrowing of the distal urethra, is seen in the following:
a. Orchiopexy
b. Circumcision
c. Epididymitis
d. Hypospadias repair - ANSWER-b
10. Sally is vomiting and diarrhea has stopped. If she needs oral replacement therapy
(ORT) today, what would be the appropriate amount to recommend?
a. 325-350 cc over 4hrs
b. 600-700cc over 4hrs
c. 600-700cc over 12hrs
d. 325-350cc over 8hrs - ANSWER-b
10. The expected hemoglobin range for sickle cell anemia is:
a. 6.5-9.5g/dl
b. 13.5-16.5g/dl
c. 8.5-12.5g/dl
d. 9.5-13.5g/dl - ANSWER-a
10. Which of the following is appropriate advice for the mother of a newborn?
a. The child should sleep on her back
b. The child should sleep on her back or side
c. The child should be allowed to sleep in a carseat at night
d. The child can sleep on her comforter - ANSWER-a
10. Which one of the following is not characteristic of constitutional growth delay?
a. There is generally no hx of a similar growth pattern in other family members
b. The child usually remains constitutionally small as an adult
c. Final adult stature tends to be normal
d. Weight & height at birth are generally in the lower percentiles - ANSWER-c
10. You are examining a child who has fever, coryza, cough, conjunctivitis, malaise, &
anorexia. During the oral examination, you observe red eruptions with white centers on
the buccal mucosa. What are these eruptions called?
a. Pastia's spots
b. Rubelola spots
c. Koplik's spots
d. Strawberry spots - ANSWER-c
11. A 5yo female presents for a school physical with a complaint of hyperactivity, a mild
developmental delay, aversion of gaze, hand mannerism, long thing face with slightly
dysmorphic ear. What is the likely diagnosis?
, a. Fragile X
b. Turner's Syndrome
c. Fetal alcohol syndrome
d. Williams syndrome - ANSWER-a
11. A newborn or infant with birth length <50% and microphallus should be suspected of
having:
a. Growth hormone deficiency
b. Congenital hypothyroidism
c. Primordial short stature
d. Down syndrome - ANSWER-a
11. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is characterized by which of the following s/s?
a. A birth, affected infants are notably hypotonic, "floppy" babies
b. Earliest symptom is often refusal to bear weight
c. Abnormalities of gait and posture become evident during preschool years
d. Unable to keep up with peers when running by school age - ANSWER-c
11. During a track meet, a 14yo male pole vaulter falls to the ground screaming in pain.
He complains of intense, searing pain in his right scrotum. He vomits twice while waiting
for the ambulance. He most likely has:
a. Orchitis
b. Hydrocele
c. Acute epididymitis
d. Testicular torsion - ANSWER-d
11. Pinworms can cause which of the following?
a. Constipation
b. Anal itching
c. Abdominal pain
d. Diarrhea - ANSWER-b
11. prophylactic penicillin should be initiated in children with sickle cell anemia by:
a. 3yrs of age
b. 12mo of age
c. 2-3mo of age
d. 9mo of age - ANSWER-c
11. The National Institutes of Health Consensus conference on NF (neurofibromatosis)
describes guidelines for diagnosis of NF. Which of the following is not among the
diagnostic criteria?
a. Family hx of first degree relative with NF1
b. 6 or more "café au lait" spots >15 mm
c. freckling in armpits or groin
d. optic glioma - ANSWER-b
Questions and Answers
"boggy" nasal mucous membranes with serous drainage upon examination usually
suggests:
a. sinusitis
b. polyps
c. URI
d. allergic rhinitis - ANSWER-d
"incident to" billing is specific to:
a. Medicare
b. Medicaid
c. Medicare & Medicaid
d. Private insurance companies - ANSWER-a
1. A 10mo old child has been diagnosed with gastroenteritis. He attends a child care
facility. What is the most likely cause of his illness?
a. Clostridium difficile
b. Rotavirus
c. Salmonella
d. Cryptosporidium - ANSWER-b
1. A typical febrile seizure is most likely to be the problem of which of the following
children?
a. A 1yo with otitis media & a fever of 104F
b. A 3mo old with unequal pupils & bulging fontanels
c. An 11yo with fever of 101F who is on valproic acid for seizure disorder
d. A 5yo with bacterial meningitis - ANSWER-a
1. Baseline management of all neonates with ABO incompatibility includes:
a. Phototherapy
b. Serial monitoring of bilirubin & hemoglobin levels
c. Exchange transfusion
d. Simple transfusion of packed RBCs - ANSWER-b
1. Secondary hypothyroidism results from:
a. Excess release of thyroid hormone beyond the newborn period
b. Intrauterine exposure to thyrotoxic drugs
c. Disease or disorder of the thyroid gland itself
,d. Disease or disorder of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland compromising thyroid
function - ANSWER-d
1. Septicemia in the newborn period is likely caused by which organism?
a. Listeria monocytogenes
b. Haemophilus influenza
c. Neisseria meningitides
d. Streptococcus pneuomniae - ANSWER-a
1. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common pediatric urinary tract problems
seen in primary care. Which of the following statements is not true regarding UTIs?
a. Symptoms are often nonspecific, especially in infancy
b. Urine culture is required for definitive diagnosis
c. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is a drug of choice for most children
d. Radiologic studies are rarely indicated with first infection - ANSWER-d
1. Which of the following disorders is usually associated with adduction of the forefoot?
a. Internal femoral torsion
b. Talipes equinovarus congenital
c. Genu valgum
d. Internal tibial torsion - ANSWER-b
1. which of the following is a characteristic physical sign of fragile X syndrome in
adolescent males?
a. Small posteriorly rotated ears
b. Macroorchidism
c. Hypertonia
d. Double hair whirl - ANSWER-b
1. Which of the following is true for idiopathic scoliosis, which occurs primarily in
adolescents?
a. Mild curves occur equally between the sexes
b. Generally there is no family history
c. Back pain is usually associated with curves of 35 degrees or greater
d. Bracing is indicated for thoracic curves of 10-25 degrees - ANSWER-a
10. An 11yo girl is brought in by her mother complaining of severe headaches
associated with nausea & vomiting. Which of the following s/s would lead you to
consider a brain tumor as part of your differential diagnosis?
a. Throbbing pain accompanied by severe light sensitivity
b. Bilateral throbbing pain
c. Preceded by a visual aura
d. More severe in the morning followed by vomiting - ANSWER-d
10. For a newborn, the correct management of hip dislocation should include:
a. Use of flexion-abduction device such as Pavlik harness to stabilize hip
,b. Follow and observe closely for 3-4 weeks then refer to ortho
c. Surgical reduction
d. Traction for 6 weeks - ANSWER-a
10. Meatal stenosis, narrowing of the distal urethra, is seen in the following:
a. Orchiopexy
b. Circumcision
c. Epididymitis
d. Hypospadias repair - ANSWER-b
10. Sally is vomiting and diarrhea has stopped. If she needs oral replacement therapy
(ORT) today, what would be the appropriate amount to recommend?
a. 325-350 cc over 4hrs
b. 600-700cc over 4hrs
c. 600-700cc over 12hrs
d. 325-350cc over 8hrs - ANSWER-b
10. The expected hemoglobin range for sickle cell anemia is:
a. 6.5-9.5g/dl
b. 13.5-16.5g/dl
c. 8.5-12.5g/dl
d. 9.5-13.5g/dl - ANSWER-a
10. Which of the following is appropriate advice for the mother of a newborn?
a. The child should sleep on her back
b. The child should sleep on her back or side
c. The child should be allowed to sleep in a carseat at night
d. The child can sleep on her comforter - ANSWER-a
10. Which one of the following is not characteristic of constitutional growth delay?
a. There is generally no hx of a similar growth pattern in other family members
b. The child usually remains constitutionally small as an adult
c. Final adult stature tends to be normal
d. Weight & height at birth are generally in the lower percentiles - ANSWER-c
10. You are examining a child who has fever, coryza, cough, conjunctivitis, malaise, &
anorexia. During the oral examination, you observe red eruptions with white centers on
the buccal mucosa. What are these eruptions called?
a. Pastia's spots
b. Rubelola spots
c. Koplik's spots
d. Strawberry spots - ANSWER-c
11. A 5yo female presents for a school physical with a complaint of hyperactivity, a mild
developmental delay, aversion of gaze, hand mannerism, long thing face with slightly
dysmorphic ear. What is the likely diagnosis?
, a. Fragile X
b. Turner's Syndrome
c. Fetal alcohol syndrome
d. Williams syndrome - ANSWER-a
11. A newborn or infant with birth length <50% and microphallus should be suspected of
having:
a. Growth hormone deficiency
b. Congenital hypothyroidism
c. Primordial short stature
d. Down syndrome - ANSWER-a
11. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is characterized by which of the following s/s?
a. A birth, affected infants are notably hypotonic, "floppy" babies
b. Earliest symptom is often refusal to bear weight
c. Abnormalities of gait and posture become evident during preschool years
d. Unable to keep up with peers when running by school age - ANSWER-c
11. During a track meet, a 14yo male pole vaulter falls to the ground screaming in pain.
He complains of intense, searing pain in his right scrotum. He vomits twice while waiting
for the ambulance. He most likely has:
a. Orchitis
b. Hydrocele
c. Acute epididymitis
d. Testicular torsion - ANSWER-d
11. Pinworms can cause which of the following?
a. Constipation
b. Anal itching
c. Abdominal pain
d. Diarrhea - ANSWER-b
11. prophylactic penicillin should be initiated in children with sickle cell anemia by:
a. 3yrs of age
b. 12mo of age
c. 2-3mo of age
d. 9mo of age - ANSWER-c
11. The National Institutes of Health Consensus conference on NF (neurofibromatosis)
describes guidelines for diagnosis of NF. Which of the following is not among the
diagnostic criteria?
a. Family hx of first degree relative with NF1
b. 6 or more "café au lait" spots >15 mm
c. freckling in armpits or groin
d. optic glioma - ANSWER-b
