ONS CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
CORRECT RATED A+
Q: What are the 3 major phases of cell division?
A:
Interphase ✔✔
Mitotic phase ✔✔
Cytokinesis ✔✔
Q: What are the 3 steps of interphase?
A:
First growth phase (G1) ✔✔
Synthesis phase (S phase) ✔✔
Second growth phase (G2) ✔✔
Q: What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
A:
Prophase ✔✔
Metaphase ✔✔
Anaphase ✔✔
Telophase ✔✔
,Q: What is innate immunity?
A:
Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut) ✔✔
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes,
macrophages) ✔✔
Adaptive immunity: -ANSWER✔✔Follows innate immunity if unsuccessful.
Memory immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory
responses)
Define mutations -ANSWER✔✔Variations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: -ANSWER✔✔Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy -ANSWER✔✔Treatment is given prior to surgery to
shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy -ANSWER✔✔Additional cancer treatment given after the
primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy -ANSWER✔✔Treatments used to prepare
a patient for stem cell transplantation
, 2 types of conditioning therapies: -ANSWER✔✔Myeloablative
Nonmyeloablative
Define dose density -ANSWER✔✔Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity -ANSWER✔✔Amount of drug delivered over time
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? -ANSWER✔✔By comparing the
dose that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose of the standard
regimen
How do alkylating agents work? -ANSWER✔✔By causing a break in the DNA
helix strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: -ANSWER✔✔1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: -ANSWER✔✔Nitrogen mustards
Common alkylating agents: -ANSWER✔✔Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
CORRECT RATED A+
Q: What are the 3 major phases of cell division?
A:
Interphase ✔✔
Mitotic phase ✔✔
Cytokinesis ✔✔
Q: What are the 3 steps of interphase?
A:
First growth phase (G1) ✔✔
Synthesis phase (S phase) ✔✔
Second growth phase (G2) ✔✔
Q: What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
A:
Prophase ✔✔
Metaphase ✔✔
Anaphase ✔✔
Telophase ✔✔
,Q: What is innate immunity?
A:
Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut) ✔✔
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes,
macrophages) ✔✔
Adaptive immunity: -ANSWER✔✔Follows innate immunity if unsuccessful.
Memory immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory
responses)
Define mutations -ANSWER✔✔Variations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: -ANSWER✔✔Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy -ANSWER✔✔Treatment is given prior to surgery to
shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy -ANSWER✔✔Additional cancer treatment given after the
primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy -ANSWER✔✔Treatments used to prepare
a patient for stem cell transplantation
, 2 types of conditioning therapies: -ANSWER✔✔Myeloablative
Nonmyeloablative
Define dose density -ANSWER✔✔Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity -ANSWER✔✔Amount of drug delivered over time
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? -ANSWER✔✔By comparing the
dose that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose of the standard
regimen
How do alkylating agents work? -ANSWER✔✔By causing a break in the DNA
helix strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: -ANSWER✔✔1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: -ANSWER✔✔Nitrogen mustards
Common alkylating agents: -ANSWER✔✔Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
