Pediatric Exam 1 with 100% Correct
Solutions
While in the pediatrician's office for their child's 12-month well-child exam, the parents
ask the nurse for advice on age-appropriate toys for their child. Based on the child's
developmental level, which types of toys would the nurse suggest? Select all that apply.
1. Soft toys that can be manipulated
2. Small toys that can pop apart and go back together
3. Jack-in-the-box toys
4. Toys with black and white patterns
5. Push-and-pull toys - ANSWER-Answer: 1, 3, 5
A mother of a school-age client who recently had surgery for the removal of tonsils and
adenoids complains that the child has begun sucking his thumb again. Which coping
mechanisms is the child using to cope with the surgery and hospitalization?
1. Repression
2. Rationalization
3. Regression
4. Fantasy - ANSWER-3. Regression
While being comforted in the emergency department, a young school-age sibling of a
pediatric trauma victim blurts out to the nurse, "It's my fault! When we were fighting
yesterday, I told him I wished he was dead!" Which response is most appropriate by the
nurse?
1. Asking the child if she would like to sit down and drink some water
2. Sitting the child down in an empty room with markers and paper so that she can draw
a picture
3. Calmly discussing the catheters, tubes, and equipment that the patient requires and
explaining to the sibling why the patient needs them
4. Reassuring the child that it is normal to get angry and say things that we do not mean
but that we have no control over whether or not an accident happens - ANSWER-4.
Reassuring the child that it is normal to get angry and say things that we do not mean
but that we have no control over whether or not an accident happens
While assessing the development of a 9-month-old infant, the nurse asks the mother if
the child actively looks for toys when they are placed out of sight. Which developmental
task is the nurse assessing this infant for?
1. Object permanence
2. Centration
3. Transductive reasoning
4. Conservation - ANSWER-1. Object permanence
,The nurse is counseling the parents of a 6-1/2-month-old infant. Which age-appropriate
toy is most appropriate for the nurse to suggest to these parents?
1. Soft, fluid-filled ring that can be chilled in the refrigerator
2. Colorful rattle
3. Jack-in-the-box toy
4. Push-and-pull toy - ANSWER-1. Soft, fluid-filled ring that can be chilled in the
refrigerator
Rationale: 1. Teething toys would be appropriate for this age. The rattle might be better
enjoyed by a 3- to 6-month-old infant, and the jack-in-the-box and push-and-pull toys
are better suited for a 9- to 12-month-old child.
A nurse is assessing language development in all the infants presenting at the doctor's
office for well-child visits. At which age range would the nurse expect a child to verbalize
the words "dada" and "mama"?
1. 3 and 5 months
2. 6 and 8 months
3. 9 and 12 months
4. 13 and 18 months - ANSWER-3. 9 and 12 months
The parents of an 8-year-old state that their son seems very interested in trying new
activities. When the parents ask for suggested activities for this age child, the nurse
recommends scouts as an activity that will foster growth and development. In which
stage of Erikson's "psychosocial stages of development" is this child?
1. Trust versus mistrust
2. Initiative versus guilt
3. Industry versus inferiority
4. Identity versus role confusion - ANSWER-3. Industry versus inferiority
Two 3-year-olds are playing in a hospital playroom together. One is working on a puzzle
while the other is stacking blocks. Which type of play are these children exhibiting?
1. Cooperative play
2. Associative play
3. Parallel play
4. Solitary play - ANSWER-3. Parallel play
Rationale: Parallel play describes when two or more children play together, each
engaging in their own activities. Cooperative play happens when children demonstrate
the ability to cooperate with others and play a part in order to contribute to a unified
whole. Associative play is characterized by children interacting in groups and
participating in similar activities. In solitary play, a child plays alone.
The nurse, talking with the parents of a toddler who is struggling with toilet training,
reassures them that their child is demonstrating a typical developmental stage.
According to Erikson, which developmental stage will the nurse document in the
medical record for this toddler?
1. Trust versus mistrust
, 2. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
3. Initiative versus guilt
4. Industry versus inferiority - ANSWER-2. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
A new parent group inquires about the stages through which their children will progress
as they grow older. The nurse is discussing Piaget's developmental stages. In what
order would the nurse expect the child to progress through Piaget's stages of
development?
1. Sensorimotor
2. Formal operational
3. Preoperational
4. Concrete operational - ANSWER-Answer: 1, 3, 4, 2
While trying to inform a young school-age client about what will occur during an
upcoming CT scan, the nurse notices that the child is engaged in a collective
monologue, talking about a new puppy. Which response by the nurse is the most
appropriate in this situation?
1. "Please stop talking about your puppy. I need to tell you about your CT scan."
2. Ignore the child's responses and continue discussing the procedure.
3. "I'll come back when you are ready to talk with me more about your CT scan."
4. "You must be so excited to have a new puppy! They are so much fun. Now, let me tell
you again about going downstairs in a wheelchair to a special room." - ANSWER-4.
"You must be so excited to have a new puppy! They are so much fun. Now, let me tell
you again about going downstairs in a wheelchair to a special room."
An adolescent client with cystic fibrosis suddenly becomes noncompliant with the
medication regime. Which intervention by the nurse will most likely improve compliance
for this client?
1. Give the child a computer-animated game that presents information on the
management of cystic fibrosis.
2. Arrange for the physician to sit down and talk to the child about the risks related to
noncompliance with medications.
3. Set up a meeting with some older teens with cystic fibrosis who have been managing
their disease effectively.
4. Discuss with the child's parents the privileges that can be taken away, such as cell
phone, if compliance fails to improve. - ANSWER-3. Set up a meeting with some older
teens with cystic fibrosis who have been managing their disease effectively.
A neonatal nurse who encourages parents to hold their baby and provides opportunities
for Kangaroo Care most likely is demonstrating concern for which aspect of the infant's
psychosocial development?
1. Attachment
2. Assimilation
3. Centration
4. Resilience - ANSWER-1. Attachment
Solutions
While in the pediatrician's office for their child's 12-month well-child exam, the parents
ask the nurse for advice on age-appropriate toys for their child. Based on the child's
developmental level, which types of toys would the nurse suggest? Select all that apply.
1. Soft toys that can be manipulated
2. Small toys that can pop apart and go back together
3. Jack-in-the-box toys
4. Toys with black and white patterns
5. Push-and-pull toys - ANSWER-Answer: 1, 3, 5
A mother of a school-age client who recently had surgery for the removal of tonsils and
adenoids complains that the child has begun sucking his thumb again. Which coping
mechanisms is the child using to cope with the surgery and hospitalization?
1. Repression
2. Rationalization
3. Regression
4. Fantasy - ANSWER-3. Regression
While being comforted in the emergency department, a young school-age sibling of a
pediatric trauma victim blurts out to the nurse, "It's my fault! When we were fighting
yesterday, I told him I wished he was dead!" Which response is most appropriate by the
nurse?
1. Asking the child if she would like to sit down and drink some water
2. Sitting the child down in an empty room with markers and paper so that she can draw
a picture
3. Calmly discussing the catheters, tubes, and equipment that the patient requires and
explaining to the sibling why the patient needs them
4. Reassuring the child that it is normal to get angry and say things that we do not mean
but that we have no control over whether or not an accident happens - ANSWER-4.
Reassuring the child that it is normal to get angry and say things that we do not mean
but that we have no control over whether or not an accident happens
While assessing the development of a 9-month-old infant, the nurse asks the mother if
the child actively looks for toys when they are placed out of sight. Which developmental
task is the nurse assessing this infant for?
1. Object permanence
2. Centration
3. Transductive reasoning
4. Conservation - ANSWER-1. Object permanence
,The nurse is counseling the parents of a 6-1/2-month-old infant. Which age-appropriate
toy is most appropriate for the nurse to suggest to these parents?
1. Soft, fluid-filled ring that can be chilled in the refrigerator
2. Colorful rattle
3. Jack-in-the-box toy
4. Push-and-pull toy - ANSWER-1. Soft, fluid-filled ring that can be chilled in the
refrigerator
Rationale: 1. Teething toys would be appropriate for this age. The rattle might be better
enjoyed by a 3- to 6-month-old infant, and the jack-in-the-box and push-and-pull toys
are better suited for a 9- to 12-month-old child.
A nurse is assessing language development in all the infants presenting at the doctor's
office for well-child visits. At which age range would the nurse expect a child to verbalize
the words "dada" and "mama"?
1. 3 and 5 months
2. 6 and 8 months
3. 9 and 12 months
4. 13 and 18 months - ANSWER-3. 9 and 12 months
The parents of an 8-year-old state that their son seems very interested in trying new
activities. When the parents ask for suggested activities for this age child, the nurse
recommends scouts as an activity that will foster growth and development. In which
stage of Erikson's "psychosocial stages of development" is this child?
1. Trust versus mistrust
2. Initiative versus guilt
3. Industry versus inferiority
4. Identity versus role confusion - ANSWER-3. Industry versus inferiority
Two 3-year-olds are playing in a hospital playroom together. One is working on a puzzle
while the other is stacking blocks. Which type of play are these children exhibiting?
1. Cooperative play
2. Associative play
3. Parallel play
4. Solitary play - ANSWER-3. Parallel play
Rationale: Parallel play describes when two or more children play together, each
engaging in their own activities. Cooperative play happens when children demonstrate
the ability to cooperate with others and play a part in order to contribute to a unified
whole. Associative play is characterized by children interacting in groups and
participating in similar activities. In solitary play, a child plays alone.
The nurse, talking with the parents of a toddler who is struggling with toilet training,
reassures them that their child is demonstrating a typical developmental stage.
According to Erikson, which developmental stage will the nurse document in the
medical record for this toddler?
1. Trust versus mistrust
, 2. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
3. Initiative versus guilt
4. Industry versus inferiority - ANSWER-2. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
A new parent group inquires about the stages through which their children will progress
as they grow older. The nurse is discussing Piaget's developmental stages. In what
order would the nurse expect the child to progress through Piaget's stages of
development?
1. Sensorimotor
2. Formal operational
3. Preoperational
4. Concrete operational - ANSWER-Answer: 1, 3, 4, 2
While trying to inform a young school-age client about what will occur during an
upcoming CT scan, the nurse notices that the child is engaged in a collective
monologue, talking about a new puppy. Which response by the nurse is the most
appropriate in this situation?
1. "Please stop talking about your puppy. I need to tell you about your CT scan."
2. Ignore the child's responses and continue discussing the procedure.
3. "I'll come back when you are ready to talk with me more about your CT scan."
4. "You must be so excited to have a new puppy! They are so much fun. Now, let me tell
you again about going downstairs in a wheelchair to a special room." - ANSWER-4.
"You must be so excited to have a new puppy! They are so much fun. Now, let me tell
you again about going downstairs in a wheelchair to a special room."
An adolescent client with cystic fibrosis suddenly becomes noncompliant with the
medication regime. Which intervention by the nurse will most likely improve compliance
for this client?
1. Give the child a computer-animated game that presents information on the
management of cystic fibrosis.
2. Arrange for the physician to sit down and talk to the child about the risks related to
noncompliance with medications.
3. Set up a meeting with some older teens with cystic fibrosis who have been managing
their disease effectively.
4. Discuss with the child's parents the privileges that can be taken away, such as cell
phone, if compliance fails to improve. - ANSWER-3. Set up a meeting with some older
teens with cystic fibrosis who have been managing their disease effectively.
A neonatal nurse who encourages parents to hold their baby and provides opportunities
for Kangaroo Care most likely is demonstrating concern for which aspect of the infant's
psychosocial development?
1. Attachment
2. Assimilation
3. Centration
4. Resilience - ANSWER-1. Attachment
