NR 341 - Complex Adult Health final
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
MOSTLY TESTED QUESTIONS with |\ |\ |\ |\
answers 2025 |\
Indication for arterial line placement? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Hemodynamic monitoring |\
Multiple blood samples |\ |\
Diagnostic or interventional radiology procedures
|\ |\ |\ |\
Continuous cardiac output monitoring |\ |\ |\
What test must be preformed prior to an arterial line placement?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Allen's test
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How often should a fast flush test be preformed? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Every 8 hours |\ |\ |\
After blood draws
|\ |\
If the hemodynamic status changes
|\ |\ |\ |\
When changing tubing |\ |\
What are the most common sites for arterial line insertion? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Radial |\ |\
Femoral
Axillary
Dorsalis Pedis |\
Brachial Arteries |\
,Positioning for radial arterial line placement: - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔30-60 degrees of dorsiflexion with the aid of a roll
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of gauze and an armband.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Avoid hyperabduction of the thumb.
|\ |\ |\ |\
How often should the atrial line catheter be changed out? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Every 7 days |\ |\ |\ |\
Causes of inaccuracy in arterial line readings: - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Air bubbles in the catheter system |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Failure to zero the transducer air-fluid interface
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Blood in the catheter system
|\ |\ |\ |\
Blood clot at the catheter tip
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Kinking of the tubing system |\ |\ |\ |\
Catheter tip lodging against the arterial wall
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Soft, compliant tubing
|\ |\
Long tubing |\
Too many stopckcks (>3)
|\ |\ |\
What is the pathology of afterload? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pressure in which the heart must pump against in order to eject
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
blood during systole. |\ |\
Medications that reduce afterload/preload include? - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Vasodilators |\
,What is the pathology of preload? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
filling pressure of the heart at end of diastole.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Resistance the left ventricle must overcome to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
open the aortic valve and eject a volume of blood into systemic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
circulation.
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is used for what calculations?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Blood pressure
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Blood flow |\
Cardiac function |\
What is pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Resistacne the right ventricle must overcome to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
open the pulmonic valve and eject a volume of blood in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pulmonary vasculature. |\
What is pulmonarartery occlusion pressure (PAOP)? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔The pressure created by the volume of blood that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
remains in the left heart at end-diastole.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Inotropic drugs mode of action: - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Negative inotropic drugs weaken the force of muscular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
contractions.
Positive inotropic drugs increase the strength of muscular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
contractions.
, Inotropic drug examples: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Dobutamine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Digoxin
Milrinone
Dopamine
Vasodilator mode of actions: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Relaxes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the smooth muscles of the blood vessels opening them up.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Vasodilator drug examples: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔CCBS:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin) |\ |\
Diltiazem (Cardizem) |\
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) |\
Nitrates:
Sildenafil (Viagra) |\
Nitroprusside (Nipride, Nitropress) |\ |\
ACE:
Captopril (Capoten) |\
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
|\ |\
Kayexalate - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Exchanges K+ ions for Na+
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Excess K+ ions are fecally excreted
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Calcium Gluconate - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Prevents and treats
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cardiac toxicity related to increased K+ levels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
MOSTLY TESTED QUESTIONS with |\ |\ |\ |\
answers 2025 |\
Indication for arterial line placement? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Hemodynamic monitoring |\
Multiple blood samples |\ |\
Diagnostic or interventional radiology procedures
|\ |\ |\ |\
Continuous cardiac output monitoring |\ |\ |\
What test must be preformed prior to an arterial line placement?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Allen's test
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How often should a fast flush test be preformed? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Every 8 hours |\ |\ |\
After blood draws
|\ |\
If the hemodynamic status changes
|\ |\ |\ |\
When changing tubing |\ |\
What are the most common sites for arterial line insertion? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Radial |\ |\
Femoral
Axillary
Dorsalis Pedis |\
Brachial Arteries |\
,Positioning for radial arterial line placement: - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔30-60 degrees of dorsiflexion with the aid of a roll
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
of gauze and an armband.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Avoid hyperabduction of the thumb.
|\ |\ |\ |\
How often should the atrial line catheter be changed out? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Every 7 days |\ |\ |\ |\
Causes of inaccuracy in arterial line readings: - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Air bubbles in the catheter system |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Failure to zero the transducer air-fluid interface
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Blood in the catheter system
|\ |\ |\ |\
Blood clot at the catheter tip
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Kinking of the tubing system |\ |\ |\ |\
Catheter tip lodging against the arterial wall
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Soft, compliant tubing
|\ |\
Long tubing |\
Too many stopckcks (>3)
|\ |\ |\
What is the pathology of afterload? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pressure in which the heart must pump against in order to eject
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
blood during systole. |\ |\
Medications that reduce afterload/preload include? - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Vasodilators |\
,What is the pathology of preload? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
filling pressure of the heart at end of diastole.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Resistance the left ventricle must overcome to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
open the aortic valve and eject a volume of blood into systemic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
circulation.
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is used for what calculations?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Blood pressure
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Blood flow |\
Cardiac function |\
What is pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Resistacne the right ventricle must overcome to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
open the pulmonic valve and eject a volume of blood in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
pulmonary vasculature. |\
What is pulmonarartery occlusion pressure (PAOP)? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔The pressure created by the volume of blood that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
remains in the left heart at end-diastole.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Inotropic drugs mode of action: - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Negative inotropic drugs weaken the force of muscular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
contractions.
Positive inotropic drugs increase the strength of muscular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
contractions.
, Inotropic drug examples: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Dobutamine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Digoxin
Milrinone
Dopamine
Vasodilator mode of actions: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Relaxes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the smooth muscles of the blood vessels opening them up.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Vasodilator drug examples: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔CCBS:
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin) |\ |\
Diltiazem (Cardizem) |\
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) |\
Nitrates:
Sildenafil (Viagra) |\
Nitroprusside (Nipride, Nitropress) |\ |\
ACE:
Captopril (Capoten) |\
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
|\ |\
Kayexalate - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Exchanges K+ ions for Na+
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Excess K+ ions are fecally excreted
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Calcium Gluconate - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Prevents and treats
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cardiac toxicity related to increased K+ levels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
