TEST BANK
VARCOROLIS’S CANADIAN PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL
HEALTH NURSING: A CLINICAL APPROACH
1
,Table of Content
UNIT 1 Foundations in Theory
1 Mental Health and Mental Illness
2 Historical Overview of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
3 Overview of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Care Within Various Setting s
4 Relevant Theories and Therapies for Nursing
5 Understanding Responses to Stress
UNIT 2 Foundations in Practice
6 The Nursing Process and Standards of Care for Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
7 Ethical Responsibilities and Legal Obligations for Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Practic e
8 Cultural Implications for Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Critical Cultural Perspectiv e
UNIT 3 Biopsychosocial Interventions
9 Therapeutic Relationships
10 Communication and the Clinical Interview
11 Psychotropic Drugs
UNIT 4 Psychobiological Disorders
12 Anxiety and Related Disorders
13 Depressive Disorders
14 Bipolar Disorders
15 Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
16 Eating and Feeding Disorders
17 Neurocognitive Disorders
18 Psychoactive Substance Use and Treatment
19 Personality Disorders
20 Sleep–Wake Disorders
Unit 5 Trauma Interventions
21 Crisis and Disaster
22 Suicide and Non-suicidal Self-Injury
23 Anger, Aggression, and Violence
24 Interpersonal Violence: Child, Older Persons, and Intimate Partner Abus e
25 Sexual Assault
UNIT 6 Interventions for Distinct Populations
2
,26 Sexuality and Gender
27 Disorders of Children and Adolescents
28 Psychosocial Needs of the Older Person
29 Recovery, Survivorship, and Public Mental Health Approaches
30 Psychological Needs of Patients With Medical Conditions
31 Care for the Dying and for Those Who Grieve
32 Forensic Psychiatric Nursing
UNIT 7 Advanced Intervention Modalities
33 Therapeutic Groups
34 Family Interventions
35 Integrative and Complementary Therapie
3
,Chapter 01: Mental Health And Mental Illness
Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which Of The Following Is Considered An Advanced
Practice Intervention?
a. Conducting Mental Health Assessments (MSA)
b. Prescribing Psychotropic Medication
c. Establishing Therapeutic Relationships
d. Individualizing Nursing Care Plans
ANSWER: B
Registered Nurses And Registered Psychiatric Nurses Can Further
Their Education At A Baccalaureate Levelor At The Graduate Level
(Master‟s Doctorate) And Become Qualified To Practise Psychiatric
Mental Health Nursing At Two Levels – Basic And Advanced –
Developing On Their Education Preparation. Prescriptive Privileges
Are Granted To Master‟s-
Prepared Nurse Practitioners (Nps) As They Have Taken Additional Advanced Courses On Prescribing
Medication. Appropriate Use Of Diagnostic Tests Must Be Completed Aswell As Having Hospital
Admitting Privileges. Establishing Therapeutic Relationship, Conducting Mental Health Assessments
(Msas), And Individualizing Nursing Care Plans Are Foundational Psychiatric Nursing Skills.
Therefore, They Are Considered Basic-Level Interventions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
2. Which Has Been Identified As A Priority For National Plans And Strategies In Psychiatric Mental
Health Nursing In Canada?
a. Decrease In The Aging Population
b. Increase In Cultural Diversity
c. Role Of The Advanced Practice Nurse
d. Shortage Of Physicians In Rural And Urban Areas
ANSWER: B
In Early Phases Of Strategic Development, The Mental Health Commission Of Canada Identified
Cultural Diversity As A Priority For National Plans And Strategies. Increasing Cultural Diversity
Within Canada Warrants Deeper Attention To Culturally Safe Care And Concern For The Mental
Health Consequences Of Colonization And Racism. An Aging Population And Shortage Of
Physicians Are Important To Future Trends. The Role Of The Advanced Practice Nurse Is Continuing
To Evolve In Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing In Canada.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
3. Which Serves As The Official Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders?
a. International Classification Of Diseases (ICD-11)
b. Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders (DSM)
c. A Behavioural Health Reference Manual
4
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
d. Nurseone Online
ANSWER: B
The First Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders (DSM) Was Published By The
American Psychiatric Association In 1952. Its Purpose Was To Provide Clinicians, Educators, And
Researchers With A Common Framework To Understand And Communicate About Mental Disorders.
With A Common Understanding About Mental Disorders, Researchers And Clinicians Could Work
Together In Their Attempts To Improve Care For People With Mental Illness. The Current DSM-5
Serves As The Official Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders. The International Classification
Of Diseases (ICD) Sets The Global Health Information Standard For Mortality And Morbidity
Statistics. Clinicians And Researchers Use This Classification System To Define Diseases, Study
Disease Patterns, Monitor Outcomes, And Subsequently Allocate Resources Based On The Prevalence
Of Disease. The Canadian Institute For Health Information Developed An Enhanced Version Of The
Previous Version, ICD-10 Referred To As The ICD 10-CA Period That Version Extends Beyond
Defining And Classifying Diseases To Describe Conditions And Situations That Are Not Diseases,
Including For Example, Risk Factors To Health And Psychosocial Circumstances. A Behavioral
Health Reference Manual And Nurseone Online Are Not Used As Official Guides For Diagnosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
4. When Locating The Description And Diagnostic Criteria For Anxiety Disorders, Which Resource
Would Have The Most Complete Information?
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)
b. Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope And Standards Of Practice
d. International Statistical Classification Of Diseases And Related Health
Problems (ICD-10)
ANSWER: B
The DSM-5 Details The Diagnostic Criteria For Psychiatric Clinical Conditions And Is The Official
Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders. The Other References Are Good Resources But Do Not
Define The Diagnostic Criteria.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
5. Which Individual Is Demonstrating The Highest Level Of Resilience?
a. An Individual Repressing Their Stressors Who Is Having A Difficult Time
Coping With Activities Of Daily Living (Adls)
b. An Individual Who Is In A Depressed State After The Death Of Their Spouse
c. An Individual Who Lives In A Shelter For 2 Years After Their Home Is
Destroyed By A Fire
d. An Individual Who Navigates And Negotiates Resources To Support Their Well-Being
ANSWER: D
5
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
A Characteristic Of Mental Health Increasingly Being Promoted As Essential To The Recovery
Process Is Resilience. Resilience Is A Process And Outcome Of Complex, Cultural Systems, Rather
Than As An Individual Capacity To Overcome Adversity. In This Way, When Exposed To Adversity,
One‟s Resilience Depends On The Navigation And Negotiation Of Resources That Can Support Well-
Being. Resilience Is Closely Associated With The Process Of Adapting And Helps People Facing
Tragedies, Loss, Trauma, And Severe Stress. An Individual Who Is Repressing Their Stressors May
Need Support For Developing Coping Strategies. It Is Important For The Individual Who Is In A
Depressed State After The Death Of Their Spouse To Navigate And Negotiate Resources That Can
Support Their Well-Being (E.G., Grief Support Or Counselling). An Individual Living In A Shelter
Needs Immediate Support And Assistance When Entering The Shelter To Navigate Services And
Supports. Shelters Are Short-Term Resources.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. A Multidisciplinary Team Is Working With Two Groups Of Patients Diagnosed With Depression. One
Group Of Patients Receives Supportive Interventions And Psychotropic Medication (E.G.,
Antidepressants). The Other Group Receives Only Psychotropic Medication. Outcomes Are Measured
For Each Group. Which Is Being Studied?
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical Epidemiology
ANSWER: D
Clinical Epidemiology Is A Broad Field That Addresses Studies Of The Natural History (Or What
Happens If There Is No Treatment And The Problem Is Left To Run Its Course) Of An Illness,
Studies Of Diagnostic Screening Tests, And Observational And Experimental Studies Of
Interventions Used To Treat People With The Illness Or Symptoms. Prevalence Refers To Numbers
Of New Cases. Comorbidity Refers To Having More Than One Mental Disorder At A Time.
Incidence Refers To The Number Of New Cases Of Mental Disorders In A Healthy Population
Within A Given Period.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
7. A Category 5 Tornado Occurred In A Community Of 400 People, Resulting In Destruction Of Many
Homes And Businesses. In The 2 Years After This Disaster, 140 Individuals Were Diagnosed With
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Which Term Best Applies To These Newly Diagnosed
Individuals?
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical Epidemiology
ANSWER: C
6
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
Incidence Refers To The Number Of New Cases Of Mental Disorders In A Healthy Population Within
A Given Period Of Time. Prevalence Describes The Total Number Of Cases, New And Existing, In A
Given Population During A Specific Period Of Time, Regardless Of When They Became Ill. Clinical
Epidemiology Is A Broad Field That Addresses What Happens After People With Illnesses Are Seen
By Clinical Care Providers.
Comorbidity Refers To Having More Than One Mental Disorder At A Time.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
8. Which Individual Is Considered To Have Positive Attributes Of Mental Health?
a. An Individual Who Can Laugh And Play
b. An Individual Who Is Unable To Experience Joy
c. An Individual Who Has A Difficult Time Managing Interpersonal Conflict
d. An Individual Who Has Limited Insight And Judgement
ANSWER: A
Mental Health Is Described As More Than Merely The Absence Of Mental Disorders Or Disabilities.
Laughing And Play Are Considered Positive Attributes Of Mental Health. Individuals Who Are
Unable To Experience Joy, Who Have A Difficult Time Managing Interpersonal Conflict, And Who
Have Limited Insight And Judgement May Require Further Support, Enhanced Coping Strategies
And Promotion Of Positive Mental Health From Mental Health Clinicians.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
9. Which Report Highlighted The Importance Of Issues Related To Mental Health And Mental
Illness In Canada?
a. The ERB Report
b. The ERG Report
c. The EDD Report
d. The EPP Report
ANSWER: D
Published In 1988, Mental Health For CanadiANSWER: Striking A Balance, Commonly Called The
Epp Report, Highlighted The Importance Of Issues Related To Mental Health And Mental Illness In
Canada. It Proposed Seven Guiding Principles For The Development Of Public Policies To Support
Mental Health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion And Maintenance
10. Which Of The Following Indicates Reflection And Discovery Of Resilience?
a. Why Do I Not Have The Inner Strength I Once Did?
b. How Have I Gotten Through Difficult Times?
c. Why Doesn‟t Anything Ever Go Right For Me?
d. Why Do People Always Make Me Feel This Way?
ANSWER: B
7
, Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
When Reflecting On Resilience Questions Should Be Framed In A Positive Way. An Individual
Asking, “How Have I Gotten Through Difficult Times?” Demonstrates A Positive Reflection And An
Attempt To Discover Progression Through Difficult Times, Thus Indicating Resilience. Questions
Relating To, “Why Do I Not Have The Inner Strength I Once Did,” “Why Doesn’t Anything Ever Go
Right For Me,” And “Why Do People Always Make Me Feel This Way” Are Not Framed In A Positive
Way. The Distractors, Are Not Related To Inner Strength, Competence, Optimism, Flexibility, And
The Ability To Cope Effectively When Faced With Adversity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
11. Which Is A Standard Measure For Mental Health?
a. The Epp Report
b. The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual For Mental Disorders (DSM)
c. There Is No Standard Measure For Mental Health
d. Nature Versus Nurture
ANSWER: C
There Is No Standard Measure For Mental Health, In Part Because It Is Culturally Defined And Is
Based On Interpretations Of Effective Functioning According To Societal Norms. One Approach To
Differentiating Mental Health From Mental Illness Is To Consider What A Particular Culture Regards
As Acceptable Or Unacceptable Behavior. The Epp Report Highlights The Importance Of Issues
Related To Mental Health And Mental Illness In Canada But Is Not A Standard Measure. The DSM
Serves As The Official Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders. Nature Versus Nurture Is Not A
Standard Measure For Mental Health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
12. Which Is Currently The Most Accepted Explanation For Mental Illness?
a. Biological Model
b. Diathesis-Stress Model
c. Psychological Model
d. Sociological Model
ANSWER: B
Currently, The Diathesis-Stress Model, In Which Diathesis Represents Biological Predisposition And
Stress Represents Environmental Stress Or Trauma, Is The Most Accepted Explanation For Mental
Illness. This Nature-Plus-Nurture Model Asserts That Most Psychiatric Disorders Result From A
Combination Of Genetic Vulnerability And Negative Environmental Stressors. Biological,
Psychological, And Sociological Models Only Have A Specific Focus, Which Leads To Segregation
And Isolation Of People. Singularly These Models Are Not Identified As Causative Factors For
Mental Illness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
13. Crisis And Risk Management Are Considered Which Of The Following?
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)
b. Nursing Diagnoses
8
VARCOROLIS’S CANADIAN PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL
HEALTH NURSING: A CLINICAL APPROACH
1
,Table of Content
UNIT 1 Foundations in Theory
1 Mental Health and Mental Illness
2 Historical Overview of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
3 Overview of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Care Within Various Setting s
4 Relevant Theories and Therapies for Nursing
5 Understanding Responses to Stress
UNIT 2 Foundations in Practice
6 The Nursing Process and Standards of Care for Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing
7 Ethical Responsibilities and Legal Obligations for Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Practic e
8 Cultural Implications for Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Critical Cultural Perspectiv e
UNIT 3 Biopsychosocial Interventions
9 Therapeutic Relationships
10 Communication and the Clinical Interview
11 Psychotropic Drugs
UNIT 4 Psychobiological Disorders
12 Anxiety and Related Disorders
13 Depressive Disorders
14 Bipolar Disorders
15 Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
16 Eating and Feeding Disorders
17 Neurocognitive Disorders
18 Psychoactive Substance Use and Treatment
19 Personality Disorders
20 Sleep–Wake Disorders
Unit 5 Trauma Interventions
21 Crisis and Disaster
22 Suicide and Non-suicidal Self-Injury
23 Anger, Aggression, and Violence
24 Interpersonal Violence: Child, Older Persons, and Intimate Partner Abus e
25 Sexual Assault
UNIT 6 Interventions for Distinct Populations
2
,26 Sexuality and Gender
27 Disorders of Children and Adolescents
28 Psychosocial Needs of the Older Person
29 Recovery, Survivorship, and Public Mental Health Approaches
30 Psychological Needs of Patients With Medical Conditions
31 Care for the Dying and for Those Who Grieve
32 Forensic Psychiatric Nursing
UNIT 7 Advanced Intervention Modalities
33 Therapeutic Groups
34 Family Interventions
35 Integrative and Complementary Therapie
3
,Chapter 01: Mental Health And Mental Illness
Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which Of The Following Is Considered An Advanced
Practice Intervention?
a. Conducting Mental Health Assessments (MSA)
b. Prescribing Psychotropic Medication
c. Establishing Therapeutic Relationships
d. Individualizing Nursing Care Plans
ANSWER: B
Registered Nurses And Registered Psychiatric Nurses Can Further
Their Education At A Baccalaureate Levelor At The Graduate Level
(Master‟s Doctorate) And Become Qualified To Practise Psychiatric
Mental Health Nursing At Two Levels – Basic And Advanced –
Developing On Their Education Preparation. Prescriptive Privileges
Are Granted To Master‟s-
Prepared Nurse Practitioners (Nps) As They Have Taken Additional Advanced Courses On Prescribing
Medication. Appropriate Use Of Diagnostic Tests Must Be Completed Aswell As Having Hospital
Admitting Privileges. Establishing Therapeutic Relationship, Conducting Mental Health Assessments
(Msas), And Individualizing Nursing Care Plans Are Foundational Psychiatric Nursing Skills.
Therefore, They Are Considered Basic-Level Interventions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
2. Which Has Been Identified As A Priority For National Plans And Strategies In Psychiatric Mental
Health Nursing In Canada?
a. Decrease In The Aging Population
b. Increase In Cultural Diversity
c. Role Of The Advanced Practice Nurse
d. Shortage Of Physicians In Rural And Urban Areas
ANSWER: B
In Early Phases Of Strategic Development, The Mental Health Commission Of Canada Identified
Cultural Diversity As A Priority For National Plans And Strategies. Increasing Cultural Diversity
Within Canada Warrants Deeper Attention To Culturally Safe Care And Concern For The Mental
Health Consequences Of Colonization And Racism. An Aging Population And Shortage Of
Physicians Are Important To Future Trends. The Role Of The Advanced Practice Nurse Is Continuing
To Evolve In Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing In Canada.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
3. Which Serves As The Official Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders?
a. International Classification Of Diseases (ICD-11)
b. Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders (DSM)
c. A Behavioural Health Reference Manual
4
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
d. Nurseone Online
ANSWER: B
The First Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders (DSM) Was Published By The
American Psychiatric Association In 1952. Its Purpose Was To Provide Clinicians, Educators, And
Researchers With A Common Framework To Understand And Communicate About Mental Disorders.
With A Common Understanding About Mental Disorders, Researchers And Clinicians Could Work
Together In Their Attempts To Improve Care For People With Mental Illness. The Current DSM-5
Serves As The Official Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders. The International Classification
Of Diseases (ICD) Sets The Global Health Information Standard For Mortality And Morbidity
Statistics. Clinicians And Researchers Use This Classification System To Define Diseases, Study
Disease Patterns, Monitor Outcomes, And Subsequently Allocate Resources Based On The Prevalence
Of Disease. The Canadian Institute For Health Information Developed An Enhanced Version Of The
Previous Version, ICD-10 Referred To As The ICD 10-CA Period That Version Extends Beyond
Defining And Classifying Diseases To Describe Conditions And Situations That Are Not Diseases,
Including For Example, Risk Factors To Health And Psychosocial Circumstances. A Behavioral
Health Reference Manual And Nurseone Online Are Not Used As Official Guides For Diagnosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
4. When Locating The Description And Diagnostic Criteria For Anxiety Disorders, Which Resource
Would Have The Most Complete Information?
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)
b. Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope And Standards Of Practice
d. International Statistical Classification Of Diseases And Related Health
Problems (ICD-10)
ANSWER: B
The DSM-5 Details The Diagnostic Criteria For Psychiatric Clinical Conditions And Is The Official
Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders. The Other References Are Good Resources But Do Not
Define The Diagnostic Criteria.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
5. Which Individual Is Demonstrating The Highest Level Of Resilience?
a. An Individual Repressing Their Stressors Who Is Having A Difficult Time
Coping With Activities Of Daily Living (Adls)
b. An Individual Who Is In A Depressed State After The Death Of Their Spouse
c. An Individual Who Lives In A Shelter For 2 Years After Their Home Is
Destroyed By A Fire
d. An Individual Who Navigates And Negotiates Resources To Support Their Well-Being
ANSWER: D
5
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
A Characteristic Of Mental Health Increasingly Being Promoted As Essential To The Recovery
Process Is Resilience. Resilience Is A Process And Outcome Of Complex, Cultural Systems, Rather
Than As An Individual Capacity To Overcome Adversity. In This Way, When Exposed To Adversity,
One‟s Resilience Depends On The Navigation And Negotiation Of Resources That Can Support Well-
Being. Resilience Is Closely Associated With The Process Of Adapting And Helps People Facing
Tragedies, Loss, Trauma, And Severe Stress. An Individual Who Is Repressing Their Stressors May
Need Support For Developing Coping Strategies. It Is Important For The Individual Who Is In A
Depressed State After The Death Of Their Spouse To Navigate And Negotiate Resources That Can
Support Their Well-Being (E.G., Grief Support Or Counselling). An Individual Living In A Shelter
Needs Immediate Support And Assistance When Entering The Shelter To Navigate Services And
Supports. Shelters Are Short-Term Resources.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. A Multidisciplinary Team Is Working With Two Groups Of Patients Diagnosed With Depression. One
Group Of Patients Receives Supportive Interventions And Psychotropic Medication (E.G.,
Antidepressants). The Other Group Receives Only Psychotropic Medication. Outcomes Are Measured
For Each Group. Which Is Being Studied?
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical Epidemiology
ANSWER: D
Clinical Epidemiology Is A Broad Field That Addresses Studies Of The Natural History (Or What
Happens If There Is No Treatment And The Problem Is Left To Run Its Course) Of An Illness,
Studies Of Diagnostic Screening Tests, And Observational And Experimental Studies Of
Interventions Used To Treat People With The Illness Or Symptoms. Prevalence Refers To Numbers
Of New Cases. Comorbidity Refers To Having More Than One Mental Disorder At A Time.
Incidence Refers To The Number Of New Cases Of Mental Disorders In A Healthy Population
Within A Given Period.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
7. A Category 5 Tornado Occurred In A Community Of 400 People, Resulting In Destruction Of Many
Homes And Businesses. In The 2 Years After This Disaster, 140 Individuals Were Diagnosed With
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Which Term Best Applies To These Newly Diagnosed
Individuals?
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical Epidemiology
ANSWER: C
6
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
Incidence Refers To The Number Of New Cases Of Mental Disorders In A Healthy Population Within
A Given Period Of Time. Prevalence Describes The Total Number Of Cases, New And Existing, In A
Given Population During A Specific Period Of Time, Regardless Of When They Became Ill. Clinical
Epidemiology Is A Broad Field That Addresses What Happens After People With Illnesses Are Seen
By Clinical Care Providers.
Comorbidity Refers To Having More Than One Mental Disorder At A Time.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
8. Which Individual Is Considered To Have Positive Attributes Of Mental Health?
a. An Individual Who Can Laugh And Play
b. An Individual Who Is Unable To Experience Joy
c. An Individual Who Has A Difficult Time Managing Interpersonal Conflict
d. An Individual Who Has Limited Insight And Judgement
ANSWER: A
Mental Health Is Described As More Than Merely The Absence Of Mental Disorders Or Disabilities.
Laughing And Play Are Considered Positive Attributes Of Mental Health. Individuals Who Are
Unable To Experience Joy, Who Have A Difficult Time Managing Interpersonal Conflict, And Who
Have Limited Insight And Judgement May Require Further Support, Enhanced Coping Strategies
And Promotion Of Positive Mental Health From Mental Health Clinicians.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
9. Which Report Highlighted The Importance Of Issues Related To Mental Health And Mental
Illness In Canada?
a. The ERB Report
b. The ERG Report
c. The EDD Report
d. The EPP Report
ANSWER: D
Published In 1988, Mental Health For CanadiANSWER: Striking A Balance, Commonly Called The
Epp Report, Highlighted The Importance Of Issues Related To Mental Health And Mental Illness In
Canada. It Proposed Seven Guiding Principles For The Development Of Public Policies To Support
Mental Health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion And Maintenance
10. Which Of The Following Indicates Reflection And Discovery Of Resilience?
a. Why Do I Not Have The Inner Strength I Once Did?
b. How Have I Gotten Through Difficult Times?
c. Why Doesn‟t Anything Ever Go Right For Me?
d. Why Do People Always Make Me Feel This Way?
ANSWER: B
7
, Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
When Reflecting On Resilience Questions Should Be Framed In A Positive Way. An Individual
Asking, “How Have I Gotten Through Difficult Times?” Demonstrates A Positive Reflection And An
Attempt To Discover Progression Through Difficult Times, Thus Indicating Resilience. Questions
Relating To, “Why Do I Not Have The Inner Strength I Once Did,” “Why Doesn’t Anything Ever Go
Right For Me,” And “Why Do People Always Make Me Feel This Way” Are Not Framed In A Positive
Way. The Distractors, Are Not Related To Inner Strength, Competence, Optimism, Flexibility, And
The Ability To Cope Effectively When Faced With Adversity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
11. Which Is A Standard Measure For Mental Health?
a. The Epp Report
b. The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual For Mental Disorders (DSM)
c. There Is No Standard Measure For Mental Health
d. Nature Versus Nurture
ANSWER: C
There Is No Standard Measure For Mental Health, In Part Because It Is Culturally Defined And Is
Based On Interpretations Of Effective Functioning According To Societal Norms. One Approach To
Differentiating Mental Health From Mental Illness Is To Consider What A Particular Culture Regards
As Acceptable Or Unacceptable Behavior. The Epp Report Highlights The Importance Of Issues
Related To Mental Health And Mental Illness In Canada But Is Not A Standard Measure. The DSM
Serves As The Official Guide For Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders. Nature Versus Nurture Is Not A
Standard Measure For Mental Health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
12. Which Is Currently The Most Accepted Explanation For Mental Illness?
a. Biological Model
b. Diathesis-Stress Model
c. Psychological Model
d. Sociological Model
ANSWER: B
Currently, The Diathesis-Stress Model, In Which Diathesis Represents Biological Predisposition And
Stress Represents Environmental Stress Or Trauma, Is The Most Accepted Explanation For Mental
Illness. This Nature-Plus-Nurture Model Asserts That Most Psychiatric Disorders Result From A
Combination Of Genetic Vulnerability And Negative Environmental Stressors. Biological,
Psychological, And Sociological Models Only Have A Specific Focus, Which Leads To Segregation
And Isolation Of People. Singularly These Models Are Not Identified As Causative Factors For
Mental Illness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
13. Crisis And Risk Management Are Considered Which Of The Following?
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)
b. Nursing Diagnoses
8
