MTSA Advanced Physiology for Nursing: Test
1 Newest Update 2025/2026
2 mechanisms of cell death -
** apoptosis and necrosis
programed cell death -
** apoptosis
examples of apoptosis -
** loss of webbing between digits in fetus; thymus involution; killing cancer cells, loss of self
sensitive t-lymphocytes during fetal development
examples of abnormal apoptosis -
** too rapid: dementia
too slow: cancer
Necrosis -
** cell death d/t injury, inflammation, or ischemia
Not a normal process
example of anuclear cell -
** mature RBCs
example of multinuclear cells -
** skeletal muscle cells
5 major components of protoplasm -
** 1. H2O
2. intracellular electrolytes
3. Proteins
,4. Lipids
5. Carbohydrates
types of proteins found in cells -
** structural and globular
types of lipids in cells -
** phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides
Basic types of CHO found in cells -
** glucose and glycogen
Components of the phospholipid bilayer -
** - hydrophilic, polar head
- hydrophobic, non-polar tails
completely transverse cell membrane (ex: receptors, channels, markers, etc..) -
** integral/intrinsic proteins
don't transferse membrane -
** peripheral proteins
CHO attached to a protein -
** glycoprotein
lipid attached to a CHO -
** glycolipid
glycolipids and glycoproteins = -
** glycocalyx
, major function of the glycocalyx -
** how cells attach to one another
an important function of cell markers -
** tell self from non-self
two main locations of ribosomes -
** attached to rough ER
free in cytoplasm
incorporated into Lg and Sm subunits. doesn't have genetic code -
** rRNA
60s -
** large ribosomal subunit
40s -
** small subunit of eukaryotic ribosome
80s -
** the size of eukaryotic ribosomes.
cells that would have prominent golgi apparatus -
** excretory/secretory cells (nerve, endocrine, etc..)
fate of vesicles after leaving golgi apparatus -
** vesicle in cell
exocytosis
added to cell membrane (peripheral/intrinsic proteins)
glycogenesis -
1 Newest Update 2025/2026
2 mechanisms of cell death -
** apoptosis and necrosis
programed cell death -
** apoptosis
examples of apoptosis -
** loss of webbing between digits in fetus; thymus involution; killing cancer cells, loss of self
sensitive t-lymphocytes during fetal development
examples of abnormal apoptosis -
** too rapid: dementia
too slow: cancer
Necrosis -
** cell death d/t injury, inflammation, or ischemia
Not a normal process
example of anuclear cell -
** mature RBCs
example of multinuclear cells -
** skeletal muscle cells
5 major components of protoplasm -
** 1. H2O
2. intracellular electrolytes
3. Proteins
,4. Lipids
5. Carbohydrates
types of proteins found in cells -
** structural and globular
types of lipids in cells -
** phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides
Basic types of CHO found in cells -
** glucose and glycogen
Components of the phospholipid bilayer -
** - hydrophilic, polar head
- hydrophobic, non-polar tails
completely transverse cell membrane (ex: receptors, channels, markers, etc..) -
** integral/intrinsic proteins
don't transferse membrane -
** peripheral proteins
CHO attached to a protein -
** glycoprotein
lipid attached to a CHO -
** glycolipid
glycolipids and glycoproteins = -
** glycocalyx
, major function of the glycocalyx -
** how cells attach to one another
an important function of cell markers -
** tell self from non-self
two main locations of ribosomes -
** attached to rough ER
free in cytoplasm
incorporated into Lg and Sm subunits. doesn't have genetic code -
** rRNA
60s -
** large ribosomal subunit
40s -
** small subunit of eukaryotic ribosome
80s -
** the size of eukaryotic ribosomes.
cells that would have prominent golgi apparatus -
** excretory/secretory cells (nerve, endocrine, etc..)
fate of vesicles after leaving golgi apparatus -
** vesicle in cell
exocytosis
added to cell membrane (peripheral/intrinsic proteins)
glycogenesis -
