mechanisms of evolution biology UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
evolution - Correct answers✔✔the process of cumulative and heritable changes in a population's
gene pool over time.
theory of evolution - Correct answers✔✔the idea that all organisms have developed from other
organisms and all living organisms share a common ancestor in some initial form of life
mechanisms of evolution - Correct answers✔✔mutation
natural selection
gene flow
genetic drift
mutation - Correct answers✔✔a permanent change the DNA sequence of an organisms gene pool
-> introduces new alleles into a gene pool
effect of mutation on evolution - Correct answers✔✔mutations have the ability to change an
allele into another allele, but it's net effect is changing the frequency of existing alleles
- a change in allele frequency due to mutation is small = effect on evolution is insignificant
unless the mutation produces an advantages allele/trait in respect to a particular selection
pressure in the environment
selection pressure - Correct answers✔✔an abiotic or biotic factor in the environment that
enhances the chance of survival/rate of reproduction of an organism that possesses a beneficial
trait, and decreases the chance of survival and reproduction of organisms that lack of the trait.
, types of selection pressures - Correct answers✔✔- biotic (predators)
- abiotic (temperature)
- resources (food supply/availability, shelter)
what type of alleles do mutations produce - Correct answers✔✔mutations that are
- selected for (beneficial traits will spread through populations across generations due to
selection)
- selected against (harmful traits will eventually be eliminated from populations over generations
due to selection)
- neutrally selected
population - Correct answers✔✔a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same
geographical area and are able to interbreed with one another to produce fertile and viable
offspring
describe the variation in populations - Correct answers✔✔members in a population have
variations in their genotypes, resulting in variations in their phenotypes
- therefor, variation is based on DNA sequences (which give rise to alleles/genes) which result in
different phenotypes in the population.
- evolution relies on genetic variation that is inheritable
gene pool - Correct answers✔✔a collection of all the alleles of all the genes in the breeding
members of a population
natural selection - Correct answers✔✔process where selection pressures in environment confer
selective advantages over specific phenotypes, which enhances an organism's chance of survival
and reproduction
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
evolution - Correct answers✔✔the process of cumulative and heritable changes in a population's
gene pool over time.
theory of evolution - Correct answers✔✔the idea that all organisms have developed from other
organisms and all living organisms share a common ancestor in some initial form of life
mechanisms of evolution - Correct answers✔✔mutation
natural selection
gene flow
genetic drift
mutation - Correct answers✔✔a permanent change the DNA sequence of an organisms gene pool
-> introduces new alleles into a gene pool
effect of mutation on evolution - Correct answers✔✔mutations have the ability to change an
allele into another allele, but it's net effect is changing the frequency of existing alleles
- a change in allele frequency due to mutation is small = effect on evolution is insignificant
unless the mutation produces an advantages allele/trait in respect to a particular selection
pressure in the environment
selection pressure - Correct answers✔✔an abiotic or biotic factor in the environment that
enhances the chance of survival/rate of reproduction of an organism that possesses a beneficial
trait, and decreases the chance of survival and reproduction of organisms that lack of the trait.
, types of selection pressures - Correct answers✔✔- biotic (predators)
- abiotic (temperature)
- resources (food supply/availability, shelter)
what type of alleles do mutations produce - Correct answers✔✔mutations that are
- selected for (beneficial traits will spread through populations across generations due to
selection)
- selected against (harmful traits will eventually be eliminated from populations over generations
due to selection)
- neutrally selected
population - Correct answers✔✔a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same
geographical area and are able to interbreed with one another to produce fertile and viable
offspring
describe the variation in populations - Correct answers✔✔members in a population have
variations in their genotypes, resulting in variations in their phenotypes
- therefor, variation is based on DNA sequences (which give rise to alleles/genes) which result in
different phenotypes in the population.
- evolution relies on genetic variation that is inheritable
gene pool - Correct answers✔✔a collection of all the alleles of all the genes in the breeding
members of a population
natural selection - Correct answers✔✔process where selection pressures in environment confer
selective advantages over specific phenotypes, which enhances an organism's chance of survival
and reproduction
