BIOD 151 FINAL EXAM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

BIOD 151 FINAL EXAM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) 1. What are the levels of organization in the body Correct Answer atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ systems, organism 2. What is superior v inferior Correct Answer toward the head (above) v away from the head (below) 3. What is ventral v dorsal Correct Answer front (anterior) v back (posterior) 4. What is medial v lateral Correct Answer toward the midline of the body v away from the midline of the body 5. What is proximal v distal Correct Answer close to the point of attachment v farther from point of attachment 6. What is deep v superficial Correct Answer away from the body surface v toward the body surface 7. What is flexion v extension Correct Answer closing of a joint v opening of a joint 8. what is ABduction v ADDuction Correct Answer movement away from midline v movement toward midline 9. What is dorsiflexion v plantarflexion Correct Answer toes up v toes down 10. What is pronation v supination Correct Answer palms up/foot lateral v palms down/foot medial 11. What is elevation v depression Correct Answer upward movement of a structure v downward movement of a structure 12. What is retraction v protraction Correct Answer movement of a structure drawn backward v movement of a structure drawn forward 13. Describe anatomical position Correct Answer Standing upright with feet slightly apart, palms facing forward and thumbs facing away from the body 14. What is the sagittal plane Correct Answer divides body into left and right (midsagittal is equal parts) 15. What are frontal planes Correct Answer divides body into front and back 16. What is a transverse plane Correct Answer divides the body into superior and inferior parts 17. What lies within the dorsal cavity Correct Answer the cranial cavity, the spinal cavity, pelvic cavity 18. What lies within the ventral body cavity Correct Answer thoracic cavity, pleural cavity, thoracic cavity, pericardial cavity, abdominopelvic cavity 19. What is serosa Correct Answer membrane that lines the ventral body cavity and the outer surface of the organs 20. What is pleurisy Correct Answer inflammation of the pleurae 21. What are the nine abdominopelvic regions Correct Answer R/L hypochondriac, epigastric, R/L lumbar, umbilical, R/L hypogastric, hypogastric 22. Why do cells need to remain relatively small Correct Answer Because as the cell expands, the amount of surface area relative to volume decreases. The smaller cell is more active when its surface area, relative to its volume, is bigger 23. What are the three characteristics of a prokaryotic cell Correct Answer smaller than eukaryotic, DNA is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane, do not contain many of the internal membrane bound organelles that eukaryotic cells have 24. What parts of a prokaryotic cell can be labeled Correct Answer capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, plasmid, pili, bacterial flagellum, nucleoid 25. What is the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell Correct Answer surrounded by a nuclear membrane and contains DNA. Serves as the control enter of the cell 26. What are chromosomes Correct Answer organized form of DNA in a cell 27. What are genes Correct Answer sections of a chromosome that determine what proteins are synthesized in the ribosomes 28. What transfers the information from the DNA to the ribosomes Correct Answer Messenger RNA 29. Where is RNA made Correct Answer nucleolus 30. What are ribosomes Correct Answer tiny manufacturing plants that assemble proteins. 31. Where are ribosomes located Correct Answer the rough ER 32. What is the purpose of the rough/smooth ER Correct Answer after proteins are assembled, they are modified and transported by the eR. The smooth ER also synthesizes lipids 33. What is the cytoplasm Correct Answer fluid portion of the cell and all the organelles outside of the nucleus 34. What is the golgi complex Correct Answer made up of flattened sacs called cisternae. Responsible for receiving lipids and proteins synthesized by the ER altering their structures and shipping them to other parts of the cell. 35. What are lysosomes Correct Answer produced by the golgi complex, they are a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins, lipids, carbs, and nucleic acids 36. What is tay-sachs Correct Answer when a normally present digestive enzyme is lacking that causes a topic lipid in the brain to build up resulting in intellectual disability and death 37. What are the protein fibers that compose the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells Correct Answer microtubules- hollow cylinders that are involved in the movement of chromosomes during cell division and the structure of cilia and flagella; microfilaments - solid, flexible fibers made up of two intertwined polymer chains of actins. 38. What is the fluid-mosaic model Correct Answer proposes that the membrane is a phospholipid bi-layer in which proteins are either partially or entirely embedded like tiles in a mosaic picture.