BIOD 151 FINAL EXAM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

BIOD 151 FINAL EXAM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) 1. What is an independent variable Correct Answer manipulated by the experimenter 2. What is an dependent variable Correct Answer are the behaviors/data recorded (what is being tested) 3. What are the 5 basic steps in the scientific method Correct Answer Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion 4. What are the different chemical bonds? Correct Answer Covalent (strongest): formed when electrons are shared by 2 atoms (polar- unequal electrons ex: OXYGEN and non-polar: equal sharing) - Ionic: Cation + & Anions - -Hydrogen - Van der Waals (weakest) 5. What are the three subatomic particles Correct Answer protons, neutrons, electrons 6. What are the basic properties of water? Correct Answer polar molecule and it's an example of polarity - water is Cohesion ( the reason why water sticks together) - water is Adhesion ( wide attraction) 7. What are the four macromolecules Correct Answer carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids 8. What are the four macromolecules? - Carbohydrate: basic function, monomer, type of bond? Correct Answer Basic Function: primary energy source for cells. - Monomer: Monosaccharides (sugares- glucose, frutose, galactose) - Held together by: Glycosidic Bond (glycosidic linkage formed through dehydration synthesis; water molecule removed when two monosaccharides are joined) 9. What are the four macromolecules? - Proteins: basic function, monomer, type of bond? Correct Answer Basic Function: primary cellular machinery of the body & structural support (ex. collagen in skin & bones)/ protein signaling - Monomer: Amino Acids - Held together by: Peptide Bonds (polypeptides). 10. What are the four macromolecules? - Lipids: basic function, monomer, type of bond? Correct Answer Basic Function: energy storage & cell signaling - Monomer: Fats: Joined by glycerol molecules & Fatty acid tails through dehydration synthesis resulting in ester-linkage Phospholipids: make cell membrane and is made of 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophilic- polar & hydrophobic- non polar) Steroids: cell signaling communicator has 4 fused rings called Carbon Skeleton. 11. What are the four macromolecules? - Nucleic Acid: basic function, monomer, type of bond? Correct Answer Basic Function: store and transmit genetic information (DNA & RNA) - Monomer: Nucleotide (each nucleotide consist of a phosphate group, 5 carbon sugars & a nitrogenous base; DNA- ATGC & RNA- AUCG) - Held together by: Phosphodiester Bond (connects the phosphate group of one nucleotide to the sugar of the next nucleotide in the backbone of DNA & RNA. 12. What is dehydration synthesis Correct Answer the process of joining two monomers through the lost of water (makes polymers) 13. What is hydrolysis reaction Correct Answer separate monomers through the addition of water (breaks polymers) 14. What are the big differences between the major cell types (i.e. Prokaryotic & eukaryotic)? - Prokaryotic: simple, single cell and lack membrane organelles, less successful , SMALLER