NURS 307 Exam 4
What is the fluid requirement for infants? – answer 160 ml/kg/day
At one month of age, how many kcal is required? – answer 100-115 kcal/kg/day
In infants, fats are needed to absorb what vitamins? - answer Vitamins A,D,E,K
In infants, DHA and ARA help develop what? - answer Spinal cord, visual acuity,
cognitive and behavioral functions
When can breast milk formula be introduced? - answer Birth to 4-6 months
At what age should rice cereal be incorporated? How often? - answer Age 4-6 months,
2-3 times daily
At what age should fruits and vegetables be introduced? How often? - answerAge 6-8
months, 2-3 times daily
At what age should soft finger foods be introduced? How often? - answerAge 8-10
moths, 3 times daily
At what age should most soft table foods be introduced? How often? - answerAge 10-12
months, 3 times daily
What are advantages of breasmilk? - answerExcellent nutritional balance
Promotion of GI function fosters immune defense
Physiologic and economic advantages
What are the nursing strategies for breastmilk? - answerEducation
Referrals
Home visits and phone supervision
Early primary care visits
Cultural sensitivity
Overcoming barriers
,Special situations, hospitalization
What are the different types of formula? - answerMilk or soy based
What are the different specialized formulas for specific needs? - answerPre-term
Allergies
What are the nursing strategies for formulas? - answerEducation
Formula prep and use
Parent-infant relationship
Prevention of early childhood caries
Describe the nutrition for toddlers - answerPhysiologic anorexia
16-24 oz milk, more can lead to risk for iron deficiency anemia
Limit juice consumption
Sliced meats, cheese, tofu, vegetables, yogurt, PB with bread
Describe the nutrition for preschool age - answerSimilar tot toddler; eating at social
event, involve in prep
Three meals, 2-3 snacks as routine norm
Juice 8-12 oz daily
5-a-day program with fruits/vegetables servings
Describe nutrition for school age - answerGrowth spurt 10-12 years
Increased nutritional needs
Teach to choose nutritious food
Describe nutrition for adolescent - answerNeed >2000 calories daily, some may require
3000 calories daily
Need to instill healthy diet habits
Incorporate calcium, Vitamins A and C, fiber
, Lacking in fast food and unhealthy food choices that are high in fats and sodium
What are the physical/behavioral measurement for a nutrition assessment? -
answerUse of growth charts
BMI (accuracy based on steady growth, culture, and other variations)
What are the dietary intake tools for a nutrition assessment? - answer24 hrs recall of
intake assesses adequacy of diet
Dietary questionnaires and food diaries (1-7 days) help to track intake and visual
necessary modifications
What are common concerns about nutrients? - answer*HUNGER*
Food insecurity, 20% of US children experience this, low socioeconomic families
*OBESITY*
Type 2 diabetes, CVD, HTN, dyslipidemia, 17% of children at or above 95 percentile
*FOOD SAFETY*
Norovirus, salmonella, staph aureus, CHIPOTLE
*DEFICIENCIES*
Iron, calcium, vitamin D, folic acid
*MALNUTRITION*
Protein energy malnutrition (edema, large abdomen, round faces, dyspigmented hair,
skin changes, decreased serum protein, diarrhea, caloric deficiency)
What are different disorders that can affect eating? - answerColic
Pica
Failure to thrive (goal for adequate growth; improve parent-child relations)
Anorexia
Bulimia
What are reactions/intolerances to eating? - answerDifferentiate between food
intolerance and food allergies
Goal of prevention, monitor introduction of new foods, notify school/care center of
allergy
What is the fluid requirement for infants? – answer 160 ml/kg/day
At one month of age, how many kcal is required? – answer 100-115 kcal/kg/day
In infants, fats are needed to absorb what vitamins? - answer Vitamins A,D,E,K
In infants, DHA and ARA help develop what? - answer Spinal cord, visual acuity,
cognitive and behavioral functions
When can breast milk formula be introduced? - answer Birth to 4-6 months
At what age should rice cereal be incorporated? How often? - answer Age 4-6 months,
2-3 times daily
At what age should fruits and vegetables be introduced? How often? - answerAge 6-8
months, 2-3 times daily
At what age should soft finger foods be introduced? How often? - answerAge 8-10
moths, 3 times daily
At what age should most soft table foods be introduced? How often? - answerAge 10-12
months, 3 times daily
What are advantages of breasmilk? - answerExcellent nutritional balance
Promotion of GI function fosters immune defense
Physiologic and economic advantages
What are the nursing strategies for breastmilk? - answerEducation
Referrals
Home visits and phone supervision
Early primary care visits
Cultural sensitivity
Overcoming barriers
,Special situations, hospitalization
What are the different types of formula? - answerMilk or soy based
What are the different specialized formulas for specific needs? - answerPre-term
Allergies
What are the nursing strategies for formulas? - answerEducation
Formula prep and use
Parent-infant relationship
Prevention of early childhood caries
Describe the nutrition for toddlers - answerPhysiologic anorexia
16-24 oz milk, more can lead to risk for iron deficiency anemia
Limit juice consumption
Sliced meats, cheese, tofu, vegetables, yogurt, PB with bread
Describe the nutrition for preschool age - answerSimilar tot toddler; eating at social
event, involve in prep
Three meals, 2-3 snacks as routine norm
Juice 8-12 oz daily
5-a-day program with fruits/vegetables servings
Describe nutrition for school age - answerGrowth spurt 10-12 years
Increased nutritional needs
Teach to choose nutritious food
Describe nutrition for adolescent - answerNeed >2000 calories daily, some may require
3000 calories daily
Need to instill healthy diet habits
Incorporate calcium, Vitamins A and C, fiber
, Lacking in fast food and unhealthy food choices that are high in fats and sodium
What are the physical/behavioral measurement for a nutrition assessment? -
answerUse of growth charts
BMI (accuracy based on steady growth, culture, and other variations)
What are the dietary intake tools for a nutrition assessment? - answer24 hrs recall of
intake assesses adequacy of diet
Dietary questionnaires and food diaries (1-7 days) help to track intake and visual
necessary modifications
What are common concerns about nutrients? - answer*HUNGER*
Food insecurity, 20% of US children experience this, low socioeconomic families
*OBESITY*
Type 2 diabetes, CVD, HTN, dyslipidemia, 17% of children at or above 95 percentile
*FOOD SAFETY*
Norovirus, salmonella, staph aureus, CHIPOTLE
*DEFICIENCIES*
Iron, calcium, vitamin D, folic acid
*MALNUTRITION*
Protein energy malnutrition (edema, large abdomen, round faces, dyspigmented hair,
skin changes, decreased serum protein, diarrhea, caloric deficiency)
What are different disorders that can affect eating? - answerColic
Pica
Failure to thrive (goal for adequate growth; improve parent-child relations)
Anorexia
Bulimia
What are reactions/intolerances to eating? - answerDifferentiate between food
intolerance and food allergies
Goal of prevention, monitor introduction of new foods, notify school/care center of
allergy
