➔Chromosomes:(coloured body) a thread like structure that
CHAPTER CELL CYCLE contains heredity information in the form of DNA and usually
(CELL MULTIPLICATION) found in pair form in all organisms.
➔
Homologous chromosome:Identical in size,shape and
information.
➔
Centromere:A rounded small portion of a chromosome that is
INTERPHASE(PREPARATION PHASE) essential for the structural and functional support regarding cell
● Interphase contains there subphases G1,S,G2. division and information assurance.
● G1known as 1ST growth phase. ➔
Telomere:A portion of a chromosome that contains characters
● S known as synthesis phase. information and also known as arm ofchromosome.It is
● G2 known as 2ND growth phase. responsible for showing the size and length of chromosome.
➔
Centrioles:It is small rod like structure found in pair form in each
cell.It plays important role in cell division as it forms two poles
for direction guideline during the movement of chromosome.
MITOTIC/MEIOTIC PHASE(MULTIPLICATIONPHASE) ➔
Chromatids:small duplicated thread of chromosomes that
● M itotic/Meiotic phase contains 4 subphases produces during cell division by DNA replication.
prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase. ➔
Spindle Fibers:They are made up of Microfilaments and
● Prophase known as 1st/ where all material were disordered. Microtubules,they usually maintain shape of the cell as
● Metaphase known as 2nd/where all chromosomes aligned in cytoskeleton but during division,these two filaments along with
midpoint. Intermediate filament forms a structure that helps in
● Anaphase known as 3rd/late phase/ where all material divide into organising,arrangement and dissociation of chromosome pair.
2 cells or ball like structure. ➔
Microtubules:Filaments which are thicker.
Telophase known as 4th/last phase/final phase/where two daughter ➔
Microfilaments:Filaments which are thinner.
cells were formed completely. ➔
Intermediate filaments:Filaments which are no thicker,no
thinner these are medium/intermediate.
➔
Mitotic phase:Somatic and body cells. ➔
Somatic cells:Found throughout the body tissues.
➔
Meiotic phase:Reproductive cells(male or female) ➔
Germ cells:Found in the reproductive organs.
(sexual reproduction). ➔
Diploid cells:A cell with two pairs of each set of chromosome
➔
Estimated human characteristics in DNA:25000 to 30000 (chromosomes are in pair) is called Diploid cells.
➔
Human chromosomes number is46(23 pairs). ➔
Haploid cells:A cell with only one set of chromosomes
➔
Cell Cycle/Cell Division:A biological process by which a cell (chromosomes are not in the pair form) is called Haploid cells.
duplicate itself ot make a copy by producing atleast two daughter ➔
Diploid cell:Mitosis.
cells is called cell division or cell cycle.
CHAPTER CELL CYCLE contains heredity information in the form of DNA and usually
(CELL MULTIPLICATION) found in pair form in all organisms.
➔
Homologous chromosome:Identical in size,shape and
information.
➔
Centromere:A rounded small portion of a chromosome that is
INTERPHASE(PREPARATION PHASE) essential for the structural and functional support regarding cell
● Interphase contains there subphases G1,S,G2. division and information assurance.
● G1known as 1ST growth phase. ➔
Telomere:A portion of a chromosome that contains characters
● S known as synthesis phase. information and also known as arm ofchromosome.It is
● G2 known as 2ND growth phase. responsible for showing the size and length of chromosome.
➔
Centrioles:It is small rod like structure found in pair form in each
cell.It plays important role in cell division as it forms two poles
for direction guideline during the movement of chromosome.
MITOTIC/MEIOTIC PHASE(MULTIPLICATIONPHASE) ➔
Chromatids:small duplicated thread of chromosomes that
● M itotic/Meiotic phase contains 4 subphases produces during cell division by DNA replication.
prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase. ➔
Spindle Fibers:They are made up of Microfilaments and
● Prophase known as 1st/ where all material were disordered. Microtubules,they usually maintain shape of the cell as
● Metaphase known as 2nd/where all chromosomes aligned in cytoskeleton but during division,these two filaments along with
midpoint. Intermediate filament forms a structure that helps in
● Anaphase known as 3rd/late phase/ where all material divide into organising,arrangement and dissociation of chromosome pair.
2 cells or ball like structure. ➔
Microtubules:Filaments which are thicker.
Telophase known as 4th/last phase/final phase/where two daughter ➔
Microfilaments:Filaments which are thinner.
cells were formed completely. ➔
Intermediate filaments:Filaments which are no thicker,no
thinner these are medium/intermediate.
➔
Mitotic phase:Somatic and body cells. ➔
Somatic cells:Found throughout the body tissues.
➔
Meiotic phase:Reproductive cells(male or female) ➔
Germ cells:Found in the reproductive organs.
(sexual reproduction). ➔
Diploid cells:A cell with two pairs of each set of chromosome
➔
Estimated human characteristics in DNA:25000 to 30000 (chromosomes are in pair) is called Diploid cells.
➔
Human chromosomes number is46(23 pairs). ➔
Haploid cells:A cell with only one set of chromosomes
➔
Cell Cycle/Cell Division:A biological process by which a cell (chromosomes are not in the pair form) is called Haploid cells.
duplicate itself ot make a copy by producing atleast two daughter ➔
Diploid cell:Mitosis.
cells is called cell division or cell cycle.
