NR 283 VCAS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

NR 283 VCAS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) 1. Spinal cord disorders; AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA.. Correct Answer (Spinal Cord Injury At T-6 Or Higher) Triggered by sustained stimuli at T-6 or below from: Restrictive Clothing Full Bladder or UTI Pressure Areas Fecal Impaction LEVEL OF INJURY ABOVE WAIST Vasodilation Above higher BP-Severe & Rapid Flushed Face • Headache Distended Neck Veins lower Heart Rate higher Sweating -Level of Injury-t Vasoconstriction Below Pale Cool No Sweating 2. Signs of spinal injury after an accident may include Correct Answer Pressure in the head. neck, or back Intense back pain Paralysis, lack of coordination, or weakness in any part of the body Loss of sensation or numbness or tingling in the hands, feet, fingers, or toes Twisted or oddly positioned neck or back Impaired breathing Loss of control of bladder or bowels Trouble walking and balancing 3. Emphysema (COPD): pathologic diagnosis: permanent enlargement and destruction of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole older and thin severe dyspnea quiet chest x-ray: hyperinflation with flattened diaphragms 4. ANEMIA COMMON CAUSES Correct Answer • Iron Deficiency • Vitamin Deficiency • Chronic Diseases • Bone Marrow Diseases • Hemolytic Anemia • Sickle Cell Anemia 5. kidney stones (renal calculi): background - occurs when there's on excess of crystal-forming substances that can't be dissolved in urine contributing factors Correct Answer disturbances in urinary h -low urine volume -low fluid intake -dietary factors types of stones calcium oxalate calcium phosphate struvite uric acid cystine diagnosis x-ray non contrast ct ultrasound/mri’ in renal pelvis - asymptomatic -no obstruction of urine flow in ureter -high pressure inside ureter -spasms of smooth muscle lining -distension of walls - renal colic -nausea/vomiting in bladder -frequent/painful urination -chronic bladder discomfort -hydronephrosis - low renal function-pyelonephritis treatment NSAIDs iv fluids medical expulsive therapy lithotripsy ureteral endoscopy 6. Hypercalcemia manifestation Correct Answer strong heart dehydration weight loss anorexia pruritis polydipsia drsrhythmia short QT AND ST bone pain, kidney stones 7. Hyperplasia Correct Answer Increased in the number of cells. Eg. Mamorary glands and uterine enlargement during pregnancy. 8. Hypoxia Correct Answer Low oxygenations / reduced oxygenation in tissue 9. phlebitis Correct Answer Inflammation of the veins 10. Homeostasis Correct Answer The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment for cells In the body. The body's systems maintain a stable environment while adjusting to changing external conditions 11. Trisomy Correct Answer 3 chromosomes instead OF 2 12. Pathology Correct Answer The study of the tissue changes associated with disease 13. Dyspnea Correct Answer Difficulty breathing / shortness of breath / increased effort to breathe 14. Anemia Correct Answer Decrease in circulating hemoglobin and oxygen- carrying capacity In the blood because of decreased erythrocyte production. 15. ischemia Correct Answer Lack of oxygen caused by decreased oxygenated blood flow to a specific location of the body. 16. infarction Correct Answer Tissue death caused by lack of oxygen/ lack of blood flow to the tissue or caused by total blockage/ obstruction causing tissue death 17. necrosis Correct Answer tissue Death of cells due to irreversible damage 18. Apoptosis Correct Answer programmed cell death