NR 283 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

NR 283 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) 1. What do these cause? Nephrotoxins Ischemia Pyelonephritis Hypo perfusion Hypotension Severe circulatory shock Heart Failure Mechanical obstructions Correct Answer Pre renal AKI 2. Calculi, blood clots and tumors are mechanical obstructions that block urine flow beyond the kidneys cause what Correct Answer Acute renal failure 3. Drugs, chemicals and toxins that cause tubule necrosis and obstruction of blood flow is termed as Correct Answer Nephrotoxins 4. What are these clinical manifestations for? Polyurea Lethargy Oliguria Uremia Fluids, electrolytes and wastes are retained in the body Anuria Correct Answer Chronic Kidney Disease 5. What is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for CKD stage 5/ end stage renal disease Correct Answer 15 ml/min or less 6. What is a normal reading of a specific gravity in urine for someone who is hydrated Correct Answer 1.30 7. If a patient came in dehydrated, what would you expect their specific gravity to be in their urine Correct Answer 1.035 or higher 8. What hormone is produced by the renal system when there is high hypertension Correct Answer Renin-blocking drugs (beta-adrenergic blocking drugs) 9. When a patient has a bladder tumor, they are most likely to have what kind of acute renal injury Correct Answer Post renal, this can be caused by a mechanical obstruction 10. Patients with obstruction of the renal artery causing renal ischemia exhibit hypertension. What is one factor that may contribute to hypertension Correct Answer Increased renin release 11. People who have to have dialysis have a lack of _______. Correct Answer Erythropoiten 12. Why do patients receive erythropoietin during dialysis Correct Answer Increase hemoglobin levels in patients with ESRD and anemia 13. During an assessment with a patient with renal insufficiency, the nurse asks specifically about a history of what Correct Answer Hypertension 14. These are causes of what? H. pylori An inadequate blood supply Vasoconstriction caused by stress, smoking, or shock Excessive glucocorticoid secretion or medication Ulcerogenic substances that break down the mucus layer (aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol) Increased acid-pepsin secretions Atrophy of the gastric mucosa: Peptic ulcer disease 15. What kind of ulcerogenic substances break down the mucus layer that can cause peptic ulcer disease Correct Answer Asprin, NSAIDs, alcohol 16. What are the four types of abdominal ulcers Correct Answer Gastric, duodenal, stress, esophageal 17. A patient is in the hospital for experiencing pain about an hour after eating a meal and is throwing up; they have also been experiencing weight loss and their HCL lab value was low. What kind of ulcer is this patient experiencing Correct Answer - Gastric ulcer 18. A patient arrived at the emergency room in the late evening for uncontrolled pain. They told their nurse that they ate earlier in the afternoon but snacking has helped soothe the pain. What kind of ulcer is this patient experiencing Correct Answer - Duodenal ulcer 19. What is the most lethal complication of a perforated ulcer Correct Answer Bleeding that can cause a massive hemorrhage 20. Surgeries such as partial gastrectomy or pyloroplasty may be required in patients that are suffering from Correct Answer Perforated/bleeding ulcers 21. Where do perforated ulcers mostly occur Correct Answer In the duodenum 22. A patient has experienced trauma by burns (curling) and head (cushing) injuries, the patient had a sudden hemorrhage and was given prophylactic medications. What kind of ulcer is this patient experiencing Correct Answer Stress ulcer 23. Sea scopes detect what type of 4 diseases Correct Answer Chrohns Duodenal/ Colorectal cancer Ulcerative colitis Rectal cancer 24. Diarrhea with cramping abdominal pain, soft stool, black tar stool if it erupts blood vessels, pain/tenderness in RLQ, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, and fatigue are clinical manifestations of Correct Answer Crohn's disease 25. Where does inflammation occur and what does it develop in a person with Crohn's disease Correct Answer In the mucosal layer, develops shallow ulcers that combine to form fissures 26. With Crohn's disease, what happens when a damaged wall disrupts the small intestine's process Correct Answer It cannot absorb food and can lead to hypoproteinemia, avitaminosis, malnutrition, and possibly steatorrhea. 27. What are the three portions that are affected in the GI tract with Crohn's disease Correct Answer Small intestine Terminal ileum Ascending colon 28. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, cramps, or general discomfort, hematemesis indicates ulceration and bleeding in the stomach are clinical manifestations of Correct Answer GI hemorrhage (gastrointestinal irritation) 29. What are the screening tests for colorectal cancer? (5): Seascope (colonoscopy) Barium enema Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) Sigmoidoscopy Guaiac fecal occult blood test (FOBT) 30. Rheumatoid arthritis exacerbations can lead to a progressive damage to the ______.: Joints 31. What are the areas affected from damage, inflammation and involvement with Rheumatoid arthritis Correct Answer Small joints (fingers), wrist, elbows, knees