NR 283 PATHO FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

NR 283 PATHO FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) 1. Acidosis Correct Answer pH below 7.35 2. Alkalosis Correct Answer pH above 7.45 3. Bicarbonate Correct Answer 22-26 4. PH Correct Answer 7.35-7.45 5. CO2 Correct Answer 35-45 6. respiratory acidosis Correct Answer A drop in blood pH due to hypoventilation (too little breathing) and a resulting accumulation of Co2. 7. respiratory acidosis s/s Correct Answer Confusion, easy fatigue, lethargy, shortness of breath, sleepiness 8. respiratory acidosis causes Primary Cause Hypoventilation (causes hypercapnia); Contributing Causes Correct Answer COPD, Pulmonary dz, Drugs, Obesity, Mechanical asphyxia, Sleep Apnea 9. respiratory alkalosis Correct Answer Arise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing) and a resulting decrease in CO2. 10. respiratory alkalosis s/s Correct Answer lethargy lightheadedness confusion tachycardia dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia nausea vomiting epigastric pain numbness and tingling of the extremities hyperventilation (tachypnea) 11. respiratory alkalosis causes Primary cause Hyperventilation (causes hypocapnia); Contributing Causes Correct Answer Overventilation on a ventilator, Response to acidosis, Bacteremia, Thyrotoxicosis, Fever, Hepatic failure, Response to hypoxia, Hysteria 12. metabolic acidosis Correct Answer low pH, low HCO3 13. Metabolic acidosis s/s Correct Answer Diarrhea, headache, n/v, lethargy, CNS depression, warm flushed skin, fruity-smelling breath 14. metabolic acidosis causes Correct Answer DKA, severe diarrhea, renal failure, shock 15. metabolic alkalosis Correct Answer high pH, high HCO3 16. Metabolic Alkalosis s/s Correct Answer Irritability, twitching, picking, confusion, N/V, diarrhea 17. Metabolic alkalosis causes Correct Answer severe vomiting, excessive GI suctioning, diuretics, excessive NaHCO3 18. Environmental Hazards Correct Answer factors or conditions in the environment that increase the risk of human injury, disease, or death 19. Chemical agent classification Correct Answer Toxins and air pollutants 20. Toxins Correct Answer lead, pesticides, mercury, solvents, asbestos, heavy metals, acids/bases, inhalants (air borne), and radon 21. Air pollutants Correct Answer 22. carbon monoxide, particulate matter, ozone, lead, aerosols, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and tobacco smoke Hypothermia Correct Answer 23. abnormally low body temperature Hypothermia s/s Correct Answer pale skin, skin cool or cold to touch, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, uncontrolled shivering, reduced level of consciousness, shallow respirations Hypothermia causes 24. Correct Answer 25. Severe head injuries damaging the hypothalamus, prolonged exposure to colder climates, near drowning People at risk for hypothermia Correct Answer 26. Homeless people and those whose homes lack heating; Swimmers; Geriatric and ill individuals; Young infants and children Signs of hypothermia Correct Answer stupor 27. Hyperthermia Correct Answer Abnormally high body temperature 28. Hyperthermia s/s Correct Answer increased pulse rate and respirations -hot, dry skin -flushed face -thirst -muscle aches -fatigue -loss of appetite -headache 29. Hyperthermia causes Correct Answer Disease, Neurological Injury (ex stroke), Heat Stroke (most common) 30. Biological Hazards Correct Answer Viruses, bacteria, and other organisms in the environment that harm human health are classified as 31. Bowel obstruction Correct Answer a blockage in the intestine 32. Bowel obstruction causes Correct Answer 1. Adhesion (scar tissue from pervious abd surgery) 2. Hernia 3. Volvulus 4. Tumor (colorectal cancer) 5. Fecal Impaction 6. Ileus (functional obstruction) 33. Bowel obstruction s/s Correct Answer - Vomiting - Absence of stool or gas - Dehydration - Fever - Pressure from excess fluid and gas (distention)