NU 673 Midterm Exam
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1. This consists of aggregations of A. Gray matter
neuro- nal cell bodies. It rims - Deep in the brain lie additional clusters of gray mat-
the surfaces of the cerebral hemi- ter (Fig. 17-2). These include the basal ganglia, which
spheres, forming the cerebral cor- affect movement, and the thalamus and the hypotha-
tex la- mus structures in the diencephalon. The thalamus
A. Gray matter processes sensory impulses and relays them to the
B. White matter cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus maintains home-
ostasis (Bickley)
- and regulates temperature, heart rate, and blood
pressure. The hypothalamus affects the endocrine sys-
tem and governs emotional behaviors such as anger
and sexual drive. Hormones secreted in the hypothal-
amus act directly on the pitu- itary gland. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
2. This consists of neuronal axons B. White matter
that are coated with myelin. The - The internal capsule is a white-matter structure where
myelin sheaths, which create the myelinated fibers converge from all parts of the cere-
white color, allow nerve impulses bral cortex and descend into the brainstem. The brain-
to travel more rapidly. stem, which connects the upper part of the brain with
A. Gray matter the spinal cord, has three sec- tions: the midbrain, the
B. White matter pons, and the medulla. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
3. Consciousness relies on the in- A. Reticular activating system
teraction between intact cerebral - Consciousness relies on the interaction between in-
, NU 673 Midterm Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60917r
hemispheres and a structure in tact cerebral hemispheres and a structure in the dien-
the diencephalon and upper brain- cephalon and upper brainstem, the reticular activating
stem (arousal) system.
A. Reticular activating system - The cerebellum, which lies at the base of the brain,
B. Cerebellum coordinates all movement and helps maintain the body
upright in space. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
4. Determine how many segements A. Cervical C1-C8
of the ff B. Thoracic T1-T12
A. Cervical C. Lumbar L1-L5
B. Thoracic D. Sacral S1-S5
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral
5. This regulates muscle movements A. Somatic
and response to the sensations of - The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of both
touch and pain CNs and periph- eral nerves that project to the heart,
A. Somatic visceral organs, skin, and limbs. It controls the somatic
B. Autonomic nervous system, which regulates muscle move- ments
and response to the sensations of touch and pain, and
the autonomic nervous system that connects to internal
organs and gener- ates autonomic reflex responses.
The autonomic nervous system consists of the sym-
pathetic nervous system, which "mobilizes organs and
their functions during times of stress and arousal, and
the para- sympathetic nervous system, which conserves
energy and resources during times of rest and relax-
ation."5 (Bickley)
, NU 673 Midterm Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60917r
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
6. Determine the pairs of peripheral A. Cervical- 8
nerves B. Thoracic- 12
A. Cervical C. Lumbar- 5
B. Thoracic D. Sacral- 5
C. Lumbar E. Coccygeal- 1
D. Sacral - The PNS includes spinal and peripheral nerves that
E. Coccygeal carry impulses to and from the cord. A total of 31 pairs
of spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord: 8 cervical, 12
thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. Each nerve
has an anterior (ventral) root containing motor fibers,
and a posterior (dorsal) root containing sensory fibers.
The anterior and posterior roots merge to form a short
spinal nerve, <5 mm long. Spinal nerve fibers commin-
gle with similar fibers from other levels in plexuses out-
side the cord, from which peripheral nerves emerge.
Most peripheral nerves contain both sensory (afferent)
and motor (efferent) fibers. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
7. Determine the Cranial Nerve: XII Hypoglossal motor tongue
Oflactory: sense of smell
A. I
B. Ii
C. III
, NU 673 Midterm Exam
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D. IV
E. V
F. Vi
G. VII
H. VIIi
I. IX
J. X
K. Xi
L. XII
8. Determine the Cranial Nerve: A. II
Optic: vision
A. II
B. I
C. III
D. IV
E. VI
F. V
G. VIII
H. VII
I. IX
J. XI
K. X
L. XII
9. This mediate voluntary movement A. Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract
and integrate skilled, complicated, - The corticospinal (pyramidal) tract. The corticospinal
or delicate movements by stim- tracts mediate voluntary movement and integrate
ulating selected muscular actions skilled, complicated, or delicate movements by stim-
and inhibiting others. They also ulating selected muscular actions and inhibiting oth-
carry impulses that inhibit muscle ers. They also carry impulses that inhibit muscle tone,
tone, the slight tension maintained the slight tension maintained by normal muscle even
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60917r
1. This consists of aggregations of A. Gray matter
neuro- nal cell bodies. It rims - Deep in the brain lie additional clusters of gray mat-
the surfaces of the cerebral hemi- ter (Fig. 17-2). These include the basal ganglia, which
spheres, forming the cerebral cor- affect movement, and the thalamus and the hypotha-
tex la- mus structures in the diencephalon. The thalamus
A. Gray matter processes sensory impulses and relays them to the
B. White matter cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus maintains home-
ostasis (Bickley)
- and regulates temperature, heart rate, and blood
pressure. The hypothalamus affects the endocrine sys-
tem and governs emotional behaviors such as anger
and sexual drive. Hormones secreted in the hypothal-
amus act directly on the pitu- itary gland. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
2. This consists of neuronal axons B. White matter
that are coated with myelin. The - The internal capsule is a white-matter structure where
myelin sheaths, which create the myelinated fibers converge from all parts of the cere-
white color, allow nerve impulses bral cortex and descend into the brainstem. The brain-
to travel more rapidly. stem, which connects the upper part of the brain with
A. Gray matter the spinal cord, has three sec- tions: the midbrain, the
B. White matter pons, and the medulla. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
3. Consciousness relies on the in- A. Reticular activating system
teraction between intact cerebral - Consciousness relies on the interaction between in-
, NU 673 Midterm Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60917r
hemispheres and a structure in tact cerebral hemispheres and a structure in the dien-
the diencephalon and upper brain- cephalon and upper brainstem, the reticular activating
stem (arousal) system.
A. Reticular activating system - The cerebellum, which lies at the base of the brain,
B. Cerebellum coordinates all movement and helps maintain the body
upright in space. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
4. Determine how many segements A. Cervical C1-C8
of the ff B. Thoracic T1-T12
A. Cervical C. Lumbar L1-L5
B. Thoracic D. Sacral S1-S5
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral
5. This regulates muscle movements A. Somatic
and response to the sensations of - The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of both
touch and pain CNs and periph- eral nerves that project to the heart,
A. Somatic visceral organs, skin, and limbs. It controls the somatic
B. Autonomic nervous system, which regulates muscle move- ments
and response to the sensations of touch and pain, and
the autonomic nervous system that connects to internal
organs and gener- ates autonomic reflex responses.
The autonomic nervous system consists of the sym-
pathetic nervous system, which "mobilizes organs and
their functions during times of stress and arousal, and
the para- sympathetic nervous system, which conserves
energy and resources during times of rest and relax-
ation."5 (Bickley)
, NU 673 Midterm Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60917r
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
6. Determine the pairs of peripheral A. Cervical- 8
nerves B. Thoracic- 12
A. Cervical C. Lumbar- 5
B. Thoracic D. Sacral- 5
C. Lumbar E. Coccygeal- 1
D. Sacral - The PNS includes spinal and peripheral nerves that
E. Coccygeal carry impulses to and from the cord. A total of 31 pairs
of spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord: 8 cervical, 12
thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. Each nerve
has an anterior (ventral) root containing motor fibers,
and a posterior (dorsal) root containing sensory fibers.
The anterior and posterior roots merge to form a short
spinal nerve, <5 mm long. Spinal nerve fibers commin-
gle with similar fibers from other levels in plexuses out-
side the cord, from which peripheral nerves emerge.
Most peripheral nerves contain both sensory (afferent)
and motor (efferent) fibers. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking, 12th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health,
20160620. VitalBook file.
7. Determine the Cranial Nerve: XII Hypoglossal motor tongue
Oflactory: sense of smell
A. I
B. Ii
C. III
, NU 673 Midterm Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60917r
D. IV
E. V
F. Vi
G. VII
H. VIIi
I. IX
J. X
K. Xi
L. XII
8. Determine the Cranial Nerve: A. II
Optic: vision
A. II
B. I
C. III
D. IV
E. VI
F. V
G. VIII
H. VII
I. IX
J. XI
K. X
L. XII
9. This mediate voluntary movement A. Corticospinal (pyramidal) tract
and integrate skilled, complicated, - The corticospinal (pyramidal) tract. The corticospinal
or delicate movements by stim- tracts mediate voluntary movement and integrate
ulating selected muscular actions skilled, complicated, or delicate movements by stim-
and inhibiting others. They also ulating selected muscular actions and inhibiting oth-
carry impulses that inhibit muscle ers. They also carry impulses that inhibit muscle tone,
tone, the slight tension maintained the slight tension maintained by normal muscle even
