C787 Study Guide
Macronutrients carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins required in large amounts, provide
energy
vitamins and minerals require smaller amounts, make
Micronutrients
possible the biochemical reactions that extract energy
from macronutrients molecules
Obesity >30% body fat
Overweight >25% body fat
A disease of severe protein-calorie malnutrition during early
Marasmus infancy, in which growth stops, body tissues waste away,
and the infant eventually dies. s/s: htn, stroke, type 2 dm,
exposed ribs, decreased body fat
Protein deficiency in childhood, leading to symptoms
Kwashiorkor such as lethargy, irritability, thinning hair, and swollen
body, which may be fatal if not treated. s/s: potbelly, edema
in legs
an eating disorder characterized by an inability to
Anorexia Nervosa (AN)
maintain normal weight, an intense fear of gaining
weight, and distorted body perception
bulimia nervosa an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by
purging
Niacin- common in corn based diets and alcoholics. s/s:
Pellagra is a deficiency
diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death if not tx.
disease.
Vitamin A deficiency night blindness, dry skin, corneal damage
Vitamin C deficiency scurvy, poor wound healing, bleeding gums, petechiae
Iron deficiency anemia
Iodine deficiency results in goiter/thyroid problems
rickets
osteomalacia
Vitamin D deficiencies osteoporosis Play
calcium
deficiency
colon cancer
Vitamin E deficiency (rare) hemolytic anemia
, decreased synthesis of
Vitamin K deficiencies
clotting factors
hemorrhage
Malnutrition faulty or inadequate diet
correcting diet
correcting body
treating malnutrition fluid/potassium "hurry
slowly"
diluted milk w/added sugar
What changes were made when It expanded from the RDA. It contains several different
DRIs were established in the groups to provide more adequate information needed
late 1990's?
Dietary Reference Intakes; combines the classic concerns
DRI
of deficiency diseases with the contemporary interest of
reducing the risk of chronic diet-related diseases
Tolerable upper intake level. The maximum daily amount
UL of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people
and beyond which there is an increased risk of adverse
health effects.
EAR Estimated Average Requirements- Average amount sufficient for
half of population
RDA Recommended Daily Allowances- a healthy diet has nutrients nearing
this amount
SATURATED
Identify the types of dietary
(limit/avoid)
fats (including trans-fats) and
TRANS (worse)
recommendations regarding
MONOSATURATED (good lowers
their consumption.
LDL) POLYUNSATURATED (same
as above)
What is the DASH diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop HypertensionCONSUME UP TO
what level of sodium has 2300 MG OF SODIUM A DAY
been shown to reduce high
blood pressure?
How much of the "My Plate" is 1/2 the plate
fruits and Vegetables?
What recommendations all women who can become pregnant should get 400 mcg
would you make to a of folic acid each day, in addition to consuming food with
pregnant patient regarding folate from a varied diet, to lower the chance of having a
folate and why? baby with a neural tube defect.
at least half of the grains should
be whole grains whole grains:
Barley
Brown
Provide examples of whole rice
grains versus refined grains Buckwhe
and how could a patient at
better meet the Bulgur (cracked
recommendation for wheat) Millet
consumption of whole Oatmeal
grains? Popcorn
Whole-wheat bread, pasta or crackers
Macronutrients carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins required in large amounts, provide
energy
vitamins and minerals require smaller amounts, make
Micronutrients
possible the biochemical reactions that extract energy
from macronutrients molecules
Obesity >30% body fat
Overweight >25% body fat
A disease of severe protein-calorie malnutrition during early
Marasmus infancy, in which growth stops, body tissues waste away,
and the infant eventually dies. s/s: htn, stroke, type 2 dm,
exposed ribs, decreased body fat
Protein deficiency in childhood, leading to symptoms
Kwashiorkor such as lethargy, irritability, thinning hair, and swollen
body, which may be fatal if not treated. s/s: potbelly, edema
in legs
an eating disorder characterized by an inability to
Anorexia Nervosa (AN)
maintain normal weight, an intense fear of gaining
weight, and distorted body perception
bulimia nervosa an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by
purging
Niacin- common in corn based diets and alcoholics. s/s:
Pellagra is a deficiency
diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death if not tx.
disease.
Vitamin A deficiency night blindness, dry skin, corneal damage
Vitamin C deficiency scurvy, poor wound healing, bleeding gums, petechiae
Iron deficiency anemia
Iodine deficiency results in goiter/thyroid problems
rickets
osteomalacia
Vitamin D deficiencies osteoporosis Play
calcium
deficiency
colon cancer
Vitamin E deficiency (rare) hemolytic anemia
, decreased synthesis of
Vitamin K deficiencies
clotting factors
hemorrhage
Malnutrition faulty or inadequate diet
correcting diet
correcting body
treating malnutrition fluid/potassium "hurry
slowly"
diluted milk w/added sugar
What changes were made when It expanded from the RDA. It contains several different
DRIs were established in the groups to provide more adequate information needed
late 1990's?
Dietary Reference Intakes; combines the classic concerns
DRI
of deficiency diseases with the contemporary interest of
reducing the risk of chronic diet-related diseases
Tolerable upper intake level. The maximum daily amount
UL of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people
and beyond which there is an increased risk of adverse
health effects.
EAR Estimated Average Requirements- Average amount sufficient for
half of population
RDA Recommended Daily Allowances- a healthy diet has nutrients nearing
this amount
SATURATED
Identify the types of dietary
(limit/avoid)
fats (including trans-fats) and
TRANS (worse)
recommendations regarding
MONOSATURATED (good lowers
their consumption.
LDL) POLYUNSATURATED (same
as above)
What is the DASH diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop HypertensionCONSUME UP TO
what level of sodium has 2300 MG OF SODIUM A DAY
been shown to reduce high
blood pressure?
How much of the "My Plate" is 1/2 the plate
fruits and Vegetables?
What recommendations all women who can become pregnant should get 400 mcg
would you make to a of folic acid each day, in addition to consuming food with
pregnant patient regarding folate from a varied diet, to lower the chance of having a
folate and why? baby with a neural tube defect.
at least half of the grains should
be whole grains whole grains:
Barley
Brown
Provide examples of whole rice
grains versus refined grains Buckwhe
and how could a patient at
better meet the Bulgur (cracked
recommendation for wheat) Millet
consumption of whole Oatmeal
grains? Popcorn
Whole-wheat bread, pasta or crackers
