AWWA OpCert Exam - Treatment Process
(Introductory)
Manganese greensand manganese, iron, and hydrogen sulfide.
filtration is used to remove
The most effective process packed tower aeration.
for the removal of radon gas,
when considering cost and
footprint, would be
If the pH is less than 6.4, sulfates.
chlorine will react with
hydrogen sulfide to form
The oxidation process using alkalinity.
chlorine will also consume
Monomedium filter media is deeper, coarser
__________________________than a
conventional filter because the
media is
__________.
______is used occasionally Sodium bicarbonate, increase alkalinity, pH
instead of
sodium carbonate because it
will __________ without as
much an increase in________.
Manganese will produce brown or black
_______________________water.
Dry chemicals should be in Softened water
solution before mixing them
with the water to be treated.
What water is recommended
to mix the dry chemical in
some cases to avoid
precipitates?
Which is the weakest Chloramines
disinfectant?
Industrial bleaches used in 9% to 15%.
water treatment disinfection
range in percentage strength
of available chlorine from
,What noncarbonate CaSO4
hardness chemical is
produced when sulfuric acid
is used to stabilize water?
Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizer.
Even after lime-softening, a At least 35 mg/L
small amount of CaCO3 and
Mg(OH)2 remains because it
is slightly soluble. How much
is usually left in the softened
water?
What can minimize future displacement of
the bottom gravel in a filter?
Although algae do not neurotoxins and hepatoxins, tastes and odors and filter-clogging
typically pose a health
concern, some do produce
__________ that can be a
concern. Other problems they
frequently cause in regard to
treatment are__.
What is the most common Chloroform
disinfection by- product when
adding chlorine to water
containing natural organic
matter?
Membranes made of poor
polypropylene have
______oxidant resistance.
What is a disadvantage of It must be carefully monitored to prevent turbidity breakthrough
direct filtration compared to
conventional treatment?
Why can rapid sand filters Coarser sand
handle higher filtration rates
compared to slow sand
filters?
Lime will precipitate CaSO4 and CaCl2
noncarbonate hardness from
the water, but it also forms
noncarbonate salts that
cause noncarbonate
hardness. What are these
salts?
What is another name for Sodium hydroxide, NaOH
caustic soda, and what is its
chemical formula?
, What does detailed record- The frequency of sampling and testing
keeping for
presedimentation systems
help determine?
What water treatment Flocculation
process is occurring if
chemicals and water were
being slowly mixed?
What will settle out of the Very fine silt
water in a short period of
time?
What is the number of 61 lb of Calcium hypochlorite
pounds of 65.0% calcium
hypochlorite required for a
25 mg/L dosage for a tank
that is 100.1 feet in diameter
and has a water level of 3.25
feet?
To precipitate calcium 9.4
carbonate, a pH of about
___________is necessary.
What can terminal head loss Air binding
on a filter cause?
(Introductory)
Manganese greensand manganese, iron, and hydrogen sulfide.
filtration is used to remove
The most effective process packed tower aeration.
for the removal of radon gas,
when considering cost and
footprint, would be
If the pH is less than 6.4, sulfates.
chlorine will react with
hydrogen sulfide to form
The oxidation process using alkalinity.
chlorine will also consume
Monomedium filter media is deeper, coarser
__________________________than a
conventional filter because the
media is
__________.
______is used occasionally Sodium bicarbonate, increase alkalinity, pH
instead of
sodium carbonate because it
will __________ without as
much an increase in________.
Manganese will produce brown or black
_______________________water.
Dry chemicals should be in Softened water
solution before mixing them
with the water to be treated.
What water is recommended
to mix the dry chemical in
some cases to avoid
precipitates?
Which is the weakest Chloramines
disinfectant?
Industrial bleaches used in 9% to 15%.
water treatment disinfection
range in percentage strength
of available chlorine from
,What noncarbonate CaSO4
hardness chemical is
produced when sulfuric acid
is used to stabilize water?
Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizer.
Even after lime-softening, a At least 35 mg/L
small amount of CaCO3 and
Mg(OH)2 remains because it
is slightly soluble. How much
is usually left in the softened
water?
What can minimize future displacement of
the bottom gravel in a filter?
Although algae do not neurotoxins and hepatoxins, tastes and odors and filter-clogging
typically pose a health
concern, some do produce
__________ that can be a
concern. Other problems they
frequently cause in regard to
treatment are__.
What is the most common Chloroform
disinfection by- product when
adding chlorine to water
containing natural organic
matter?
Membranes made of poor
polypropylene have
______oxidant resistance.
What is a disadvantage of It must be carefully monitored to prevent turbidity breakthrough
direct filtration compared to
conventional treatment?
Why can rapid sand filters Coarser sand
handle higher filtration rates
compared to slow sand
filters?
Lime will precipitate CaSO4 and CaCl2
noncarbonate hardness from
the water, but it also forms
noncarbonate salts that
cause noncarbonate
hardness. What are these
salts?
What is another name for Sodium hydroxide, NaOH
caustic soda, and what is its
chemical formula?
, What does detailed record- The frequency of sampling and testing
keeping for
presedimentation systems
help determine?
What water treatment Flocculation
process is occurring if
chemicals and water were
being slowly mixed?
What will settle out of the Very fine silt
water in a short period of
time?
What is the number of 61 lb of Calcium hypochlorite
pounds of 65.0% calcium
hypochlorite required for a
25 mg/L dosage for a tank
that is 100.1 feet in diameter
and has a water level of 3.25
feet?
To precipitate calcium 9.4
carbonate, a pH of about
___________is necessary.
What can terminal head loss Air binding
on a filter cause?
