Computer Application in
Psychology
Assignment
st
M.A 1 semester
1|Page
,Ans1)
Item Analysis :
Introduction:
Item analysis uses statistics and expert judgment to evaluate
tests based on the quality of individual items, item sets, and
entire sets of items as well as the relationship of each item to
other items.
It “investigates the performance of items considered
individually either in relation to some external criterion or in
relation to the remaining items on the test”-(Thompson and
levitov 1985).It uses this information to improve item and test
quality.
According to pollit and beck-a type of analysis used to assess
whether items on a scale are tapping the same construct and
are sufficiently discriminating.
Items can be examined qualitatively, on the basis of their
content and form, and quantitatively ,on the basis of their
statistical properties. Qualitative analysis concerns chiefly
content relevance and content coverage.
Quantitative techniques for item analysis cover
principally statistical assessment of the difficulty and the
2|Page
, discrimination value of items .The selection of items through
these techniques influence both the reliability and the validity
of the finished test.
The Purpose of item analysis:
Assemble or write a relatively large no. of items of
the type you want on the test.
Analyze the items carefully using item format analysis
to make sure that they are well written and clear. – brown
1996 ,1999.
Analyze the results statistically using item analysis
techniques.
Select the most effective items and make a shorter ,
more effective revised version of the test .
Methods of item analysis:
1) item Difficulty index
2) Item discrimination index
Item Difficulty Index -
For ability tests, item difficulty is defined in terms of the percentage of
the persons who answer the item correctly. It is the relative frequency
with which examinees choose the correct the response (Thorndike
,Cunningham, Thorndike and Hagen , 1991).it has an index ranging from
a low of 0 to high of +1.00.Higher difficulty indexes indicate easier
items .
3|Page
Psychology
Assignment
st
M.A 1 semester
1|Page
,Ans1)
Item Analysis :
Introduction:
Item analysis uses statistics and expert judgment to evaluate
tests based on the quality of individual items, item sets, and
entire sets of items as well as the relationship of each item to
other items.
It “investigates the performance of items considered
individually either in relation to some external criterion or in
relation to the remaining items on the test”-(Thompson and
levitov 1985).It uses this information to improve item and test
quality.
According to pollit and beck-a type of analysis used to assess
whether items on a scale are tapping the same construct and
are sufficiently discriminating.
Items can be examined qualitatively, on the basis of their
content and form, and quantitatively ,on the basis of their
statistical properties. Qualitative analysis concerns chiefly
content relevance and content coverage.
Quantitative techniques for item analysis cover
principally statistical assessment of the difficulty and the
2|Page
, discrimination value of items .The selection of items through
these techniques influence both the reliability and the validity
of the finished test.
The Purpose of item analysis:
Assemble or write a relatively large no. of items of
the type you want on the test.
Analyze the items carefully using item format analysis
to make sure that they are well written and clear. – brown
1996 ,1999.
Analyze the results statistically using item analysis
techniques.
Select the most effective items and make a shorter ,
more effective revised version of the test .
Methods of item analysis:
1) item Difficulty index
2) Item discrimination index
Item Difficulty Index -
For ability tests, item difficulty is defined in terms of the percentage of
the persons who answer the item correctly. It is the relative frequency
with which examinees choose the correct the response (Thorndike
,Cunningham, Thorndike and Hagen , 1991).it has an index ranging from
a low of 0 to high of +1.00.Higher difficulty indexes indicate easier
items .
3|Page
