NR507 MIDTERM LATEST UPDATE
EXAM GUIDE YEAR 2025-2026
What are the most diagnosed ILD’s
Radiation pneumonitis
Pneumoconioses
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
What is Innate immunity
the immunity we are born with
Immune response: 3 levels/lines of protection
1st line: physical, mechanical, & biochemical barriers
2nd line: the inflammatory response
3rd line: lymphocyte production
,most important immune defense
intact skin and mucous membranes (impermeable barrier)
PAMP
pathogen associated molecular pattern
surfaces of bacteria, viruses, and other microbes are covered with many
foreign proteins
foreign
DAMP
damage associated molecular pattern
many proteins are released from inside our cells when they are damaged
foreign
PRR
pattern recognition receptors
surfaces of WBCs contain these receptor sites
,-continuously interact with any material they encounter to ID it as "self" or
"non-self" (foreign; PAMP or DAMP)
Chemotaxis
Cell movement that occurs in response to chemical stimulus
Phagocytosis
"cell eating"
1. opsonization and adherence
2. engulfment - WBC surrounds and ingests Ag
3. Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
4. destruction - phagosome digested by lysozyme, H202, acids, and other
toxic chemicals inside the lysosomes
5. egestion
Hypersensitivity Type 1:_____
Allergic reaction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Mediated by ______
IgE
, Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Inflammation due to _____________
mast cell degranulation
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
local symptoms
itching, rash
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
systemic symptoms
wheezing
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
most dangerous form
anaphylactic reaction-systemic response-hypotension, severe
bronchoconstriction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
main treatment ___________
epinephrine
Hypersensitivity Type 2: _________________
EXAM GUIDE YEAR 2025-2026
What are the most diagnosed ILD’s
Radiation pneumonitis
Pneumoconioses
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
What is Innate immunity
the immunity we are born with
Immune response: 3 levels/lines of protection
1st line: physical, mechanical, & biochemical barriers
2nd line: the inflammatory response
3rd line: lymphocyte production
,most important immune defense
intact skin and mucous membranes (impermeable barrier)
PAMP
pathogen associated molecular pattern
surfaces of bacteria, viruses, and other microbes are covered with many
foreign proteins
foreign
DAMP
damage associated molecular pattern
many proteins are released from inside our cells when they are damaged
foreign
PRR
pattern recognition receptors
surfaces of WBCs contain these receptor sites
,-continuously interact with any material they encounter to ID it as "self" or
"non-self" (foreign; PAMP or DAMP)
Chemotaxis
Cell movement that occurs in response to chemical stimulus
Phagocytosis
"cell eating"
1. opsonization and adherence
2. engulfment - WBC surrounds and ingests Ag
3. Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
4. destruction - phagosome digested by lysozyme, H202, acids, and other
toxic chemicals inside the lysosomes
5. egestion
Hypersensitivity Type 1:_____
Allergic reaction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Mediated by ______
IgE
, Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Inflammation due to _____________
mast cell degranulation
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
local symptoms
itching, rash
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
systemic symptoms
wheezing
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
most dangerous form
anaphylactic reaction-systemic response-hypotension, severe
bronchoconstriction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
main treatment ___________
epinephrine
Hypersensitivity Type 2: _________________
