Chronic Kidney
Disease – Summary
Notes
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1. Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of kidney function over months or
years, leading to impaired waste elimination, fluid/electrolyte imbalance, and toxin
accumulation.
Key Points:
CKD is irreversible; treatment focuses on slowing progression
Commonly measured by Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
, ---
2. Causes / Risk Factors
Diabetes mellitus (most common)
Hypertension
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
Recurrent urinary tract infections / Obstruction
Cardiovascular disease
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3. Stages of CKD
Stage GFR (mL/min/1.73 m²) Description
1 ≥90 Kidney damage with normal function
2 60–89 Mild decrease in function
Disease – Summary
Notes
---
1. Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of kidney function over months or
years, leading to impaired waste elimination, fluid/electrolyte imbalance, and toxin
accumulation.
Key Points:
CKD is irreversible; treatment focuses on slowing progression
Commonly measured by Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
, ---
2. Causes / Risk Factors
Diabetes mellitus (most common)
Hypertension
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
Recurrent urinary tract infections / Obstruction
Cardiovascular disease
---
3. Stages of CKD
Stage GFR (mL/min/1.73 m²) Description
1 ≥90 Kidney damage with normal function
2 60–89 Mild decrease in function
