NAPLEX - Kidney and Liver Diseases
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What urine output is considered low (oliguria)? - Correct answers✔✔<400 mL/day
What urine output is considered anuric? - Correct answers✔✔<50 mL/day
RIFLE - Correct answers✔✔RISK of kidney dysfunction, INJURY to the kidney, FAILURE or
LOSS of kidney function, and END-STAGE renal disease (ESRD)
RISK - Correct answers✔✔1.5x increase in SCr or 25% decrease in GFR or UOP <0.5 ml/kg/hr
for 6 hrs
Injury - Correct answers✔✔2x increase in SCr or 50% decrease in GFR or UOP <0.5 ml/kg/hr
for 12 hrs
Failure - Correct answers✔✔3x increase in SCr or 75% decrease in GFR or UOP <0.3 ml/kg/hr
for 24 hrs or anuria for 12 hrs
Loss - Correct answers✔✔complete loss (need for RRT) for more than 4 weeks
ESRD - Correct answers✔✔complete loss (need for RRT) for more than 3 months
Difference between RIFLE and AKIN staging criteria - Correct answers✔✔AKIN removed loss
of kidney function (stage 1,2,3) so stage 3 would include these patients
, KDIGO definitition of AKI - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr by >0.3 mg/dL within 48 hrs,
increase in SCr by 1.5x baseline within prior 7 days, or a urine volume <0.5 ml/kg/h for 6 hrs
KDIGO AKI stage 1 - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr by at least 0.3 mg/dL or 1.5-1.9x
baseline, UOP <0.5 ml/kg/hr x6-12 hrs
KDIGO AKI stage 2 - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr >2-2.9x baseline or UOP <0.5 ml/kg/h
for over 12 hrs
KDIGO AKI stage 3 - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr >3x baseline, increase of SCr >4
mg/dL, need for RRT, UOP <0.3 ml/kg/hr for >24 hrs or anuria for >12 hrs, or in children a
decrease of GFR to <35
symptoms of uremia - Correct answers✔✔weakness, SOB, fatigue, mental status changes, N/V,
bleeding, loss of appetite, edema
causative agents of prerenal AKI - Correct answers✔✔ACEi, ARB, COX-2 inh, cyclosporine,
tacrolimus, diuretics, NSAIDs, radiocontrast, renin inhibitors
causative agents of intrinsic AKI - Correct answers✔✔Vasculitis/thrombosis: bevacizumab,
cisplatin, cyclosporine, hydralazine, methamphetamines, mitimycin C, PTU, tacrolimus
Cholesterol emboli: warfarin, thrombolytic agents
Glomerular: COX-2, NSAIDs, gold, heroin, lithium, pamidronate, phenytoin
Allergic interstitial nephritis: cipro, COX-2, NSAIDs, PCN, ppi
Chronic interstitial nephritis: chinese herbs, cyclosporine, lithium
papillary necrosis: analgesic combinations
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What urine output is considered low (oliguria)? - Correct answers✔✔<400 mL/day
What urine output is considered anuric? - Correct answers✔✔<50 mL/day
RIFLE - Correct answers✔✔RISK of kidney dysfunction, INJURY to the kidney, FAILURE or
LOSS of kidney function, and END-STAGE renal disease (ESRD)
RISK - Correct answers✔✔1.5x increase in SCr or 25% decrease in GFR or UOP <0.5 ml/kg/hr
for 6 hrs
Injury - Correct answers✔✔2x increase in SCr or 50% decrease in GFR or UOP <0.5 ml/kg/hr
for 12 hrs
Failure - Correct answers✔✔3x increase in SCr or 75% decrease in GFR or UOP <0.3 ml/kg/hr
for 24 hrs or anuria for 12 hrs
Loss - Correct answers✔✔complete loss (need for RRT) for more than 4 weeks
ESRD - Correct answers✔✔complete loss (need for RRT) for more than 3 months
Difference between RIFLE and AKIN staging criteria - Correct answers✔✔AKIN removed loss
of kidney function (stage 1,2,3) so stage 3 would include these patients
, KDIGO definitition of AKI - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr by >0.3 mg/dL within 48 hrs,
increase in SCr by 1.5x baseline within prior 7 days, or a urine volume <0.5 ml/kg/h for 6 hrs
KDIGO AKI stage 1 - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr by at least 0.3 mg/dL or 1.5-1.9x
baseline, UOP <0.5 ml/kg/hr x6-12 hrs
KDIGO AKI stage 2 - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr >2-2.9x baseline or UOP <0.5 ml/kg/h
for over 12 hrs
KDIGO AKI stage 3 - Correct answers✔✔increase in SCr >3x baseline, increase of SCr >4
mg/dL, need for RRT, UOP <0.3 ml/kg/hr for >24 hrs or anuria for >12 hrs, or in children a
decrease of GFR to <35
symptoms of uremia - Correct answers✔✔weakness, SOB, fatigue, mental status changes, N/V,
bleeding, loss of appetite, edema
causative agents of prerenal AKI - Correct answers✔✔ACEi, ARB, COX-2 inh, cyclosporine,
tacrolimus, diuretics, NSAIDs, radiocontrast, renin inhibitors
causative agents of intrinsic AKI - Correct answers✔✔Vasculitis/thrombosis: bevacizumab,
cisplatin, cyclosporine, hydralazine, methamphetamines, mitimycin C, PTU, tacrolimus
Cholesterol emboli: warfarin, thrombolytic agents
Glomerular: COX-2, NSAIDs, gold, heroin, lithium, pamidronate, phenytoin
Allergic interstitial nephritis: cipro, COX-2, NSAIDs, PCN, ppi
Chronic interstitial nephritis: chinese herbs, cyclosporine, lithium
papillary necrosis: analgesic combinations
