Physiology Exam 1: Cell Structure and
Metabolism ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Interstitial fluid - Correct answers✔✔Fluid that is directly outside the cell
Two components of extracellular fluid - Correct answers✔✔Interstitial fluid and blood plasma
Integral membrane proteins are passageways for _____ to enter the cell - Correct
answers✔✔Ions and polar molecules
Is cholesterol polar or nonpolar - Correct answers✔✔Nonpolar
How does cholesterol make the cell membrane more fluid - Correct answers✔✔Breaks up fatty
acid tail clusters that weakly bond together
Why does cholesterol make the membrane more impermeable - Correct answers✔✔Makes the
nonpolar core more tightly packed
Uses of proteins made in the rough ER - Correct answers✔✔Exported out of the cell
incorporated into cell membrane
Destined for the certain organelles
The Golgi receives proteins from the ______ - Correct answers✔✔Rough ER
, Energy metabolism - Correct answers✔✔Reactions involved in energy storage and use
Largely catabolic
Reaction equation for breakdown of ATP into ADP - Correct answers✔✔ATP + H2O --> ADP +
Pi + H+
7.3 kcal/mol
What is Pi - Correct answers✔✔Inorganic phosphate, HPO4 2-
Which energy metabolism system dominates when ATP demand rises quickly - Correct
answers✔✔ATP-PC system AKA phosphagen system
Role of phosphocreatine in ATP-PC system - Correct answers✔✔Creatine is converted into
phosphocreatine, which readily transfers its phosphate group to ADP in one step (substrate-level
phosphorylation)
Creatine (phospho)kinase - Correct answers✔✔Catalyzes the conversion of phosphocreatine to
creatine and ATP and from ATP to phosphocreatine and ADP
How long can cells use the phosphagen system - Correct answers✔✔Not long--less than ten
seconds at maximum output
ADP is an __________ and a substrate for creatine kinase - Correct answers✔✔Allosteric
activator (when ATP is needed)
Increases in what substances cause muscles fatigue - Correct answers✔✔ADP and Pi
Metabolism ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Interstitial fluid - Correct answers✔✔Fluid that is directly outside the cell
Two components of extracellular fluid - Correct answers✔✔Interstitial fluid and blood plasma
Integral membrane proteins are passageways for _____ to enter the cell - Correct
answers✔✔Ions and polar molecules
Is cholesterol polar or nonpolar - Correct answers✔✔Nonpolar
How does cholesterol make the cell membrane more fluid - Correct answers✔✔Breaks up fatty
acid tail clusters that weakly bond together
Why does cholesterol make the membrane more impermeable - Correct answers✔✔Makes the
nonpolar core more tightly packed
Uses of proteins made in the rough ER - Correct answers✔✔Exported out of the cell
incorporated into cell membrane
Destined for the certain organelles
The Golgi receives proteins from the ______ - Correct answers✔✔Rough ER
, Energy metabolism - Correct answers✔✔Reactions involved in energy storage and use
Largely catabolic
Reaction equation for breakdown of ATP into ADP - Correct answers✔✔ATP + H2O --> ADP +
Pi + H+
7.3 kcal/mol
What is Pi - Correct answers✔✔Inorganic phosphate, HPO4 2-
Which energy metabolism system dominates when ATP demand rises quickly - Correct
answers✔✔ATP-PC system AKA phosphagen system
Role of phosphocreatine in ATP-PC system - Correct answers✔✔Creatine is converted into
phosphocreatine, which readily transfers its phosphate group to ADP in one step (substrate-level
phosphorylation)
Creatine (phospho)kinase - Correct answers✔✔Catalyzes the conversion of phosphocreatine to
creatine and ATP and from ATP to phosphocreatine and ADP
How long can cells use the phosphagen system - Correct answers✔✔Not long--less than ten
seconds at maximum output
ADP is an __________ and a substrate for creatine kinase - Correct answers✔✔Allosteric
activator (when ATP is needed)
Increases in what substances cause muscles fatigue - Correct answers✔✔ADP and Pi
