Radiographic Physics-Final Exam with
Accurate Solutions
Bremsstrahlung x-rays are produced by _____ at the target. - ANS-Slowing electrons
Characteristic K-shell x-rays have an effective energy of ____ keV. - ANS-69
The useful characteristic x-rays from tungsten targets are ____-shell electrons. - ANS-K
Most of the x-rays produced at the target are ______. - ANS-Bremsstrahlung
Most of the heat generated at the target is due to _______. - ANS-Outer-shell excitation
Projectile electrons travel from ______. - ANS-Cathode to anode
The efficiency of x-ray production increases as ______ increases. - ANS-kVp
The production of heat at the anode is directly proportional to ______. - ANS-Tube
current
At the target, the projectile electrons interact with _______. - ANS-Inner-shell electrons
and outer-shell electrons
At 55 kVp, ______ of the x-rays produced are bremsstrahlung. - ANS-100%
The efficiency of x-ray production is _______ the tube current. - ANS-Not affected by
An exposure taken at 100 kVp would have a continuous emission spectrum of _____
keV. - ANS-100
During an exposure, most of the ______ energy of the projectile electrons is converted
to ______. - ANS-Kinetic; heat
K-shell binding energy increases with increasing ______. - ANS-Atomic number
When the mass density of the absorber is ______, it results in _______ compton
scatter. - ANS-Increased; increased
A negative contrast agent is ______. - ANS-Air
, Only at energies about 10 MeV can ________ take place. - ANS-Photodisintegration
An incident x-ray interacts with an atom without ionization during _______. - ANS-
Coherent scattering
Which has the greatest mass density? - ANS-Bone
Attenuation is caused by _______. - ANS-Absorption and scattering
Because of differential absorption about _____% of the incident beam from the x-ray
tube contributes to the finished image. - ANS-0.5
As kVp _______, the probability of photoelectric absorption _______. - ANS-Increases;
decreases
Barium is a good contrast agent because of its ________. - ANS-High atomic number
The use of contrast agents increases the amount of _______. - ANS-Differential
absorption, compton scatter, and photoelectric absorption
Compton scatter is directed at ______ angle of the incident beam. - ANS-Any
Differential absorption in diagnostic imaging is primarily caused by ________. - ANS-
Photoelectric absorption
An outer-shell electron is ejected and the atom is ionized during ________. - ANS-
Compton interactions
________ occurs only at the very high energies used in radiation therapy and in nuclear
medicine and P.E.T. imaging. - ANS-Pair production
The two primary forms of x-ray interaction in the diagnostic range are _________. -
ANS-Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption
Differential exposure is dependent on all of the following, except _______. - ANS-mAs
of the exposure
The scattered x-ray from a compton interaction usually retains ______ of the energy of
the incident photon. - ANS-Most
Distortion can be reduced by _______. - ANS-Placing the object plane parallel to the
image plane
Focal spot blur can be reduced by using ________. - ANS-A small focal spot, longer
SID, larger OID
Accurate Solutions
Bremsstrahlung x-rays are produced by _____ at the target. - ANS-Slowing electrons
Characteristic K-shell x-rays have an effective energy of ____ keV. - ANS-69
The useful characteristic x-rays from tungsten targets are ____-shell electrons. - ANS-K
Most of the x-rays produced at the target are ______. - ANS-Bremsstrahlung
Most of the heat generated at the target is due to _______. - ANS-Outer-shell excitation
Projectile electrons travel from ______. - ANS-Cathode to anode
The efficiency of x-ray production increases as ______ increases. - ANS-kVp
The production of heat at the anode is directly proportional to ______. - ANS-Tube
current
At the target, the projectile electrons interact with _______. - ANS-Inner-shell electrons
and outer-shell electrons
At 55 kVp, ______ of the x-rays produced are bremsstrahlung. - ANS-100%
The efficiency of x-ray production is _______ the tube current. - ANS-Not affected by
An exposure taken at 100 kVp would have a continuous emission spectrum of _____
keV. - ANS-100
During an exposure, most of the ______ energy of the projectile electrons is converted
to ______. - ANS-Kinetic; heat
K-shell binding energy increases with increasing ______. - ANS-Atomic number
When the mass density of the absorber is ______, it results in _______ compton
scatter. - ANS-Increased; increased
A negative contrast agent is ______. - ANS-Air
, Only at energies about 10 MeV can ________ take place. - ANS-Photodisintegration
An incident x-ray interacts with an atom without ionization during _______. - ANS-
Coherent scattering
Which has the greatest mass density? - ANS-Bone
Attenuation is caused by _______. - ANS-Absorption and scattering
Because of differential absorption about _____% of the incident beam from the x-ray
tube contributes to the finished image. - ANS-0.5
As kVp _______, the probability of photoelectric absorption _______. - ANS-Increases;
decreases
Barium is a good contrast agent because of its ________. - ANS-High atomic number
The use of contrast agents increases the amount of _______. - ANS-Differential
absorption, compton scatter, and photoelectric absorption
Compton scatter is directed at ______ angle of the incident beam. - ANS-Any
Differential absorption in diagnostic imaging is primarily caused by ________. - ANS-
Photoelectric absorption
An outer-shell electron is ejected and the atom is ionized during ________. - ANS-
Compton interactions
________ occurs only at the very high energies used in radiation therapy and in nuclear
medicine and P.E.T. imaging. - ANS-Pair production
The two primary forms of x-ray interaction in the diagnostic range are _________. -
ANS-Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption
Differential exposure is dependent on all of the following, except _______. - ANS-mAs
of the exposure
The scattered x-ray from a compton interaction usually retains ______ of the energy of
the incident photon. - ANS-Most
Distortion can be reduced by _______. - ANS-Placing the object plane parallel to the
image plane
Focal spot blur can be reduced by using ________. - ANS-A small focal spot, longer
SID, larger OID
