GCSU (BACHOON)
MICROBIOLOGY TEST 2
what year was the term prokaryotic introduced and what is it? -
ANSWERS-- 1937
- cell with no nucleus
- 2 types: bacteria, archaea
what are the 3 domains? - ANSWERS-1) eukarya
2) bacteria
3) archaea
what are the 3 domains based on? - ANSWERS-- based on 165 DNA
what was one of the earliest cells found on the planet? - ANSWERS--
a bacteria called Thermatoga maritina
- it has genes similar to bacteria and archaea
where can a description of bacteria be found? - ANSWERS-- Bergeys
Manual
what is a prokaryotic species? - ANSWERS-a population of cells with
similar characteristics (>70% DNA hemology)
,strains - ANSWERS-a collection of cells derived from a single cell
prokaryotes are identified by using what? - ANSWERS-- metabolic
reactions
- cell wall structure
- differential staining
serology - ANSWERS-- the science that studies serum and immune
responses that are evident in serum
- microorganisms are antigenic: upon entering an animals body, they
stimulate it to form antibodies
DNA base composition - ANSWERS-- the moles percentage of
guanine plus cytosine in an organism's DNA
- used to draw conclusions about relatedness
Why do we study microbial growth? - ANSWERS-1) to prove what
causes disease
2) for antibiotic susceptibility (how to kill)
3) for research
what are the physical aspects of microbial growth? - ANSWERS--
temperature
- pH
- osmotic pressure
, what are the 3 main groups microbes are classified into based on their
optimum temperature? - ANSWERS-1) psychrophiles
2) mesophiles
3) thermophiles
psychrophiles - ANSWERS-- cold loving microbes
- don't cause disease
- (-10 deg. C to 20 deg. C)
what is a psychrotroph? - ANSWERS-- organism that is capable of
growth between 0 deg. C and 30 deg. C
mesophiles - ANSWERS-- moderate temperature loving microbes,
most common type
- (25 deg. C - 40 deg. C)
- these are human pathogens also include most of the common
spoilage and disease organisms.
- ex: 37 deg. C (the optimum temp. for many pathogenic bacteria)
thermophiles - ANSWERS-- heat loving microbes
- (40 deg. C - 70 deg. C)
- many can't grow at temps below 45 deg. C
- hyperthermophiles = (70 deg. C - 110 deg. C)
MICROBIOLOGY TEST 2
what year was the term prokaryotic introduced and what is it? -
ANSWERS-- 1937
- cell with no nucleus
- 2 types: bacteria, archaea
what are the 3 domains? - ANSWERS-1) eukarya
2) bacteria
3) archaea
what are the 3 domains based on? - ANSWERS-- based on 165 DNA
what was one of the earliest cells found on the planet? - ANSWERS--
a bacteria called Thermatoga maritina
- it has genes similar to bacteria and archaea
where can a description of bacteria be found? - ANSWERS-- Bergeys
Manual
what is a prokaryotic species? - ANSWERS-a population of cells with
similar characteristics (>70% DNA hemology)
,strains - ANSWERS-a collection of cells derived from a single cell
prokaryotes are identified by using what? - ANSWERS-- metabolic
reactions
- cell wall structure
- differential staining
serology - ANSWERS-- the science that studies serum and immune
responses that are evident in serum
- microorganisms are antigenic: upon entering an animals body, they
stimulate it to form antibodies
DNA base composition - ANSWERS-- the moles percentage of
guanine plus cytosine in an organism's DNA
- used to draw conclusions about relatedness
Why do we study microbial growth? - ANSWERS-1) to prove what
causes disease
2) for antibiotic susceptibility (how to kill)
3) for research
what are the physical aspects of microbial growth? - ANSWERS--
temperature
- pH
- osmotic pressure
, what are the 3 main groups microbes are classified into based on their
optimum temperature? - ANSWERS-1) psychrophiles
2) mesophiles
3) thermophiles
psychrophiles - ANSWERS-- cold loving microbes
- don't cause disease
- (-10 deg. C to 20 deg. C)
what is a psychrotroph? - ANSWERS-- organism that is capable of
growth between 0 deg. C and 30 deg. C
mesophiles - ANSWERS-- moderate temperature loving microbes,
most common type
- (25 deg. C - 40 deg. C)
- these are human pathogens also include most of the common
spoilage and disease organisms.
- ex: 37 deg. C (the optimum temp. for many pathogenic bacteria)
thermophiles - ANSWERS-- heat loving microbes
- (40 deg. C - 70 deg. C)
- many can't grow at temps below 45 deg. C
- hyperthermophiles = (70 deg. C - 110 deg. C)
