AAFP RANDOM BOARD REVIEW. EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
An 85-year-old female with metastatic breast cancer requests hospice care. She has type 2
diabetes mellitus, stage 3 renal failure, and heart disease.The patient's eligibility for hospice
care will be based on her - ANS Eligibility for hospice care is based on a life expectancy of 6
months or less in the natural course of an illness. A majority of hospice patients have cancer but
it is not a requirement to qualify for hospice care. Age is not relevant. Comorbid conditions may
affect longevity but are not required. For those insured by Medicare, Medicare Part A provides
hospice care but Medicare Part B does not
A 15-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of intermittent abdominal pain and
headaches. She does not have any associated weight loss, fever, nausea, change in bowel
habits, or other worrisome features. An examination is unremarkable. She does report being
stressed at school and has a PHQ-2 score of 4.Which one of the following would be most
appropriate at this point? - ANS The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends
depression screening for all adolescents 12-18 years of age. Although this patient has
abdominal pain, the history and physical examination suggest that depression may be playing a
role in her somatic complaints. She had a positive initial depression screen on her PHQ-2. This is
a brief screening tool, and a positive result merits further evaluation. The evaluation should
include a full PHQ-A or a discussion with a qualified clinician. If the patient meets the criteria for
major depressive disorder then she should receive treatment for her depression, which could
include medication. Both fluoxetine and citalopram have been approved by the FDA to treat
depression in this age group. She could also be referred for psychotherapy. Further laboratory
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, studies and imaging may be appropriate at some point, but the most urgent need is to evaluate
her positive depression screen.
A 69-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and a history of coronary artery
disease sees you for follow-up of his diabetes. His hemoglobin A1c has increased to 8.7%
despite therapy with metformin (Glucophage), 1000 mg twice daily, and insulin glargine
(Lantus).Which one of the following additional medications would be most effective for
reducing his blood glucose level and lowering his risk of cardiovascular events? -
ANS (vitctoza) Liraglutide, exenatide, and dulaglutide are all GLP-1 receptor agonists. Of
these, only liraglutide has been shown to lower the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and
has received FDA approval for this indication. Glipizide (a sulfonylurea), rosiglitazone, and
sitagliptin have not been associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. Empagliflozin, an
SGLT2 inhibitor, has also been associated with secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
60-year-old male presents with a several-month history of a dry cough and progressive
shortness of breath with exertion. On examination he has tachypnea and bibasilar end-
inspiratory dry crackles, and a chest radiograph reveals interstitial opacities.Which one of the
following patient occupations would most likely support a diagnosis of silicosis? - ANS Family
physicians should be aware of the environmental exposures associated with pulmonary disease.
Stone cutting, sand blasting, mining, and quarrying expose patients to silica, which is an
inorganic dust that causes pulmonary fibrosis (silicosis). Occupational exposure to beryllium,
which is also an inorganic dust, occurs in the high-tech electronics manufacturing industry and
results in chronic beryllium lung disease. Exposure to organic agricultural dusts (fungal spores,
vegetable products, insect fragments, animal dander, animal feces, microorganisms, and
pollens) can result in "farmer's lung," a hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Other organic dust
exposures, such as exposures to grain dust in bakers, can lead to asthma, chronic bronchitis,
and COPD. Firefighters are at risk of smoke inhalation and are exposed to toxic chemicals that
can cause many acute and chronic respiratory symptoms.
You see a 3-year-old female with a 2-day history of intermittent abdominal cramps, two
episodes of emesis yesterday, and about five watery, nonbloody stools each day. She does not
have a fever, her other vital signs are normal, and she has not traveled recently. Today she has
tolerated sips of fluid but still has mild fatigue and thirst. An examination is normal except for
mildly dry lips. A friend at preschool had a similar illness recently.Which one of the following
would be the most appropriate initial management of this patient? (check one) - ANS Family
physicians often see patients with diarrheal illnesses and most of these are viral. Patients
sometimes have misconceptions about preferred fluid and feeding recommendations during
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
An 85-year-old female with metastatic breast cancer requests hospice care. She has type 2
diabetes mellitus, stage 3 renal failure, and heart disease.The patient's eligibility for hospice
care will be based on her - ANS Eligibility for hospice care is based on a life expectancy of 6
months or less in the natural course of an illness. A majority of hospice patients have cancer but
it is not a requirement to qualify for hospice care. Age is not relevant. Comorbid conditions may
affect longevity but are not required. For those insured by Medicare, Medicare Part A provides
hospice care but Medicare Part B does not
A 15-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of intermittent abdominal pain and
headaches. She does not have any associated weight loss, fever, nausea, change in bowel
habits, or other worrisome features. An examination is unremarkable. She does report being
stressed at school and has a PHQ-2 score of 4.Which one of the following would be most
appropriate at this point? - ANS The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends
depression screening for all adolescents 12-18 years of age. Although this patient has
abdominal pain, the history and physical examination suggest that depression may be playing a
role in her somatic complaints. She had a positive initial depression screen on her PHQ-2. This is
a brief screening tool, and a positive result merits further evaluation. The evaluation should
include a full PHQ-A or a discussion with a qualified clinician. If the patient meets the criteria for
major depressive disorder then she should receive treatment for her depression, which could
include medication. Both fluoxetine and citalopram have been approved by the FDA to treat
depression in this age group. She could also be referred for psychotherapy. Further laboratory
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, studies and imaging may be appropriate at some point, but the most urgent need is to evaluate
her positive depression screen.
A 69-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and a history of coronary artery
disease sees you for follow-up of his diabetes. His hemoglobin A1c has increased to 8.7%
despite therapy with metformin (Glucophage), 1000 mg twice daily, and insulin glargine
(Lantus).Which one of the following additional medications would be most effective for
reducing his blood glucose level and lowering his risk of cardiovascular events? -
ANS (vitctoza) Liraglutide, exenatide, and dulaglutide are all GLP-1 receptor agonists. Of
these, only liraglutide has been shown to lower the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and
has received FDA approval for this indication. Glipizide (a sulfonylurea), rosiglitazone, and
sitagliptin have not been associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. Empagliflozin, an
SGLT2 inhibitor, has also been associated with secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
60-year-old male presents with a several-month history of a dry cough and progressive
shortness of breath with exertion. On examination he has tachypnea and bibasilar end-
inspiratory dry crackles, and a chest radiograph reveals interstitial opacities.Which one of the
following patient occupations would most likely support a diagnosis of silicosis? - ANS Family
physicians should be aware of the environmental exposures associated with pulmonary disease.
Stone cutting, sand blasting, mining, and quarrying expose patients to silica, which is an
inorganic dust that causes pulmonary fibrosis (silicosis). Occupational exposure to beryllium,
which is also an inorganic dust, occurs in the high-tech electronics manufacturing industry and
results in chronic beryllium lung disease. Exposure to organic agricultural dusts (fungal spores,
vegetable products, insect fragments, animal dander, animal feces, microorganisms, and
pollens) can result in "farmer's lung," a hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Other organic dust
exposures, such as exposures to grain dust in bakers, can lead to asthma, chronic bronchitis,
and COPD. Firefighters are at risk of smoke inhalation and are exposed to toxic chemicals that
can cause many acute and chronic respiratory symptoms.
You see a 3-year-old female with a 2-day history of intermittent abdominal cramps, two
episodes of emesis yesterday, and about five watery, nonbloody stools each day. She does not
have a fever, her other vital signs are normal, and she has not traveled recently. Today she has
tolerated sips of fluid but still has mild fatigue and thirst. An examination is normal except for
mildly dry lips. A friend at preschool had a similar illness recently.Which one of the following
would be the most appropriate initial management of this patient? (check one) - ANS Family
physicians often see patients with diarrheal illnesses and most of these are viral. Patients
sometimes have misconceptions about preferred fluid and feeding recommendations during
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
