WGU D115 Exam Study Guide | 100 Questions
with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
Update
1. What is the primary cellular adaptation observed in the left
ventricle of a patient with chronic hypertension?
A. Atrophy
B. Hyperplasia
C. Hypertrophy
D. Metaplasia
Answer: C. Hypertrophy
2. A patient with a history of smoking presents with a change in
bronchial epithelial cells from ciliated columnar to stratified
squamous. This process is best described as:
A. Dysplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Metaplasia
D. Anaplasia
Answer: C. Metaplasia
3. The irreversible cellular injury that leads to the release of
intracellular enzymes (like troponin) used for diagnosis is:
A. Apoptosis
B. Necrosis
C. Atrophy
D. Fatty change
Answer: B. Necrosis
4. Which type of necrosis is characterized by a "cheesy" appearance
and is typically associated with tuberculosis?
,A. Coagulative
B. Liquefactive
C. Caseous
D. Fat necrosis
Answer: C. Caseous
5. The process of programmed, physiological cell death is known as:
A. Necrosis
B. Oncosis
C. Apoptosis
D. Gangrene
Answer: C. Apoptosis
6. A key feature of the metabolic syndrome that significantly
increases cardiovascular risk is:
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Insulin resistance
C. Osteoporosis
D. Peptic ulcer disease
Answer: B. Insulin resistance
7. What is the fundamental genetic event in Sickle Cell Disease?
A. A deletion of three nucleotides causing the loss of phenylalanine
B. A point mutation in the beta-globin gene
C. An extra chromosome 21
D. A translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22
Answer: B. A point mutation in the beta-globin gene
8. A 40-year-old female presents with intellectual disability, long
face, large ears, and macro-orchidism. The most likely genetic
mechanism for her condition is:
A. Autosomal dominant inheritance
B. A trinucleotide repeat expansion
, C. A mitochondrial gene mutation
D. Genomic imprinting
Answer: B. A trinucleotide repeat expansion (Fragile X Syndrome)
9. Which of the following is an example of an autosomal dominant
disorder?
A. Cystic Fibrosis
B. Huntington Disease
C. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
D. Sickle Cell Disease
Answer: B. Huntington Disease
10. The primary function of tumor suppressor genes, such as p53, is
to:
A. Promote cell division
B. Repair damaged DNA and prevent cancer
C. Act as proto-oncogenes
D. Stimulate angiogenesis
Answer: B. Repair damaged DNA and prevent cancer
11. A patient diagnosed with Cushing syndrome would be expected
to have:
A. Hypotension and hyperpigmentation
B. Hyperglycemia and central obesity
C. Weight loss and hypoglycemia
D. Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia
Answer: B. Hyperglycemia and central obesity
12. The most common cause of Syndrome of Inappropriate
Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is:
A. Pituitary adenoma
B. Ectopic production by a malignancy (e.g., lung cancer)
C. Excessive water intake
with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
Update
1. What is the primary cellular adaptation observed in the left
ventricle of a patient with chronic hypertension?
A. Atrophy
B. Hyperplasia
C. Hypertrophy
D. Metaplasia
Answer: C. Hypertrophy
2. A patient with a history of smoking presents with a change in
bronchial epithelial cells from ciliated columnar to stratified
squamous. This process is best described as:
A. Dysplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Metaplasia
D. Anaplasia
Answer: C. Metaplasia
3. The irreversible cellular injury that leads to the release of
intracellular enzymes (like troponin) used for diagnosis is:
A. Apoptosis
B. Necrosis
C. Atrophy
D. Fatty change
Answer: B. Necrosis
4. Which type of necrosis is characterized by a "cheesy" appearance
and is typically associated with tuberculosis?
,A. Coagulative
B. Liquefactive
C. Caseous
D. Fat necrosis
Answer: C. Caseous
5. The process of programmed, physiological cell death is known as:
A. Necrosis
B. Oncosis
C. Apoptosis
D. Gangrene
Answer: C. Apoptosis
6. A key feature of the metabolic syndrome that significantly
increases cardiovascular risk is:
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Insulin resistance
C. Osteoporosis
D. Peptic ulcer disease
Answer: B. Insulin resistance
7. What is the fundamental genetic event in Sickle Cell Disease?
A. A deletion of three nucleotides causing the loss of phenylalanine
B. A point mutation in the beta-globin gene
C. An extra chromosome 21
D. A translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22
Answer: B. A point mutation in the beta-globin gene
8. A 40-year-old female presents with intellectual disability, long
face, large ears, and macro-orchidism. The most likely genetic
mechanism for her condition is:
A. Autosomal dominant inheritance
B. A trinucleotide repeat expansion
, C. A mitochondrial gene mutation
D. Genomic imprinting
Answer: B. A trinucleotide repeat expansion (Fragile X Syndrome)
9. Which of the following is an example of an autosomal dominant
disorder?
A. Cystic Fibrosis
B. Huntington Disease
C. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
D. Sickle Cell Disease
Answer: B. Huntington Disease
10. The primary function of tumor suppressor genes, such as p53, is
to:
A. Promote cell division
B. Repair damaged DNA and prevent cancer
C. Act as proto-oncogenes
D. Stimulate angiogenesis
Answer: B. Repair damaged DNA and prevent cancer
11. A patient diagnosed with Cushing syndrome would be expected
to have:
A. Hypotension and hyperpigmentation
B. Hyperglycemia and central obesity
C. Weight loss and hypoglycemia
D. Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia
Answer: B. Hyperglycemia and central obesity
12. The most common cause of Syndrome of Inappropriate
Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is:
A. Pituitary adenoma
B. Ectopic production by a malignancy (e.g., lung cancer)
C. Excessive water intake
