BIO 116 Final Exam Prep Questions
with Correct Answers
You have discovered a new species of bacteria that grows in the Bonneville Salt
Flats in Utah. What element below would likely be MOST abundant in cells of this
species?
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. phosphorus
d. iron - ANSWER-phosphorus
The pigment chlorophyll has a domain that is inserted into the thylakoid membrane
of the chloroplast, but it also has a domain that is located in the aqueous stroma.
What type of molecule is chlorophyll?
a. hydrophobic
b. hygroscopic
c. amphipathic
d. hydrophillic - ANSWER-amphipathic
The physical property of cells having the greatest impact on the chemical reactions
of life is that reactions mainly take place in a/an ____ environment.
a. acidic
b. basic
c. aqueous
d. stable - ANSWER-aqueous
Which of the following would be the MOST abundant in a human muscle cell?
a. sulfur
b. zinc
c. iron
d. calcium
e. sodium - ANSWER-sulfur
The cell walls of bacteria are made of peptidoglycan. Like cellulose, this is an
example of a/an
a. unbranched polysaccharide
b. unbranched polypeptide
c. unsaturated polysaccharide
d. unsaturated polypeptide - ANSWER-unbranched polysaccharide
In order for a chlorine atom (Cl) to become a chloride ion (Cl-), what has to happen?
a. chlorine loses a neutron
b. chlorine gains a neutron
c. chlorine loses an electron
,d. chlorine gains an electron - ANSWER-chlorine gains an electron
The ____ of a nucleotide determines whether it is a component of DNA or a
component of RNA.
a. disulfide group
b. phosphate group
c. five carbon sugar
d. alpha carbon
e. side chain - ANSWER-five carbon sugar
During the Calvin Cycle, carbon atoms are covalently linked together to form organic
molecules. Based on our discussion of how biological macromolecules are made,
what type of reaction creates these covalent bonds?
a. dehydration
b. catabolic
c. spontaneous
d. hydrolysis - ANSWER-dehydration
In biological systems, the function of a protein is most intimately linked to its
a. structure
b. degree of polarity
c. abundance
d. distribution
e. frequency - ANSWER-structure
Every amino acid has which of the following functional groups as part of its essential
structure?
a. methyl group
b. phosphate group
c. carboxyl group
d. sulfhydryl group - ANSWER-carboxyl group
All living things need a significant amount of nitrogen to survive. What
macromolecules have a lot of nitrogen in their structure?
a. proteins and nucleic acids
b. lipids and nucleic acids
c. proteins and lipids
d. lipids and carbohydrates
e. carbohydrates and nucleic acids
f. proteins and carbohydrates - ANSWER-a. proteins and nucleic acids
The fatty acid chains of unsaturated fat contains
a. polar covalent bonds
b. double bonds
c. ionic bonds
d. hydrogen bonds - ANSWER-double bonds
What is TRUE of the highly branched polysaccharide glycogen?
a. it is used as the energy storage molecule in plants
b. it is a structural element in human muscle cells
, c. it is found in the cell membrane of humans
d. it is highly soluble - ANSWER-it is highly soluble
In biological membranes, the ____ of phospholipids interacts with the surrounding
aqueous environment.
a. hydrophilic head
b. amphipathic head
c. hydrophobic head
d. polar tail - ANSWER-hydrophilic head
Within the DNA double-helix
a. the bases on opposite strands are held together by disulfide bridges
b. amino acids are held together by hydrogen bonds
c. deoxyribose sugar and phosphates make up the backbone of each strand
d. the R group on each strand form ionic bonds - ANSWER-deoxyribose sugar and
phosphates make up the backbone of each strand
You need to build a phospholipid molecule. Which of the following do you need?
a. glycerol and fatty acids only
b. cholesterol, fatty acids, and polar head groups
c. cholesterol and fatty acids only
d. glycerol, fatty acids, and polar head groups - ANSWER-glycerol, fatty acids, and
polar head groups
The primary structure of collagen polypeptides in your body are determined by the
a. local interactions of R-groups in the polypeptides
b. DNA sequence of the collagen genes
c. disulfide covalent bonds between polypeptides
d. ionic bonds between R-groups in the polypeptides - ANSWER-DNA sequence of
the collagen genes
If a protein has quaternary structure, that means it
a. has both polypeptide and lipid components in its final form.
b. has both lipid and nucleic acid components in its final form.
c. has both nucleic acid & carbohydrate components in its final form.
d. has both polypeptide and nucleic acid components in its final form.
e. has multiple polypeptides in its final form. - ANSWER-has multiple polypeptides in
its final form.
Triglycerides are used ________ in your body
a. production of the endomembrane system
b. for proper cell membrane structure
c. in cell signaling
d. long-term energy storage - ANSWER-long term energy storage
The ___ serves as the selective barrier between the internal environment and the
external environment of the cell.
a. cell wall
b. proteoglycans
c. extracellular matrix
with Correct Answers
You have discovered a new species of bacteria that grows in the Bonneville Salt
Flats in Utah. What element below would likely be MOST abundant in cells of this
species?
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. phosphorus
d. iron - ANSWER-phosphorus
The pigment chlorophyll has a domain that is inserted into the thylakoid membrane
of the chloroplast, but it also has a domain that is located in the aqueous stroma.
What type of molecule is chlorophyll?
a. hydrophobic
b. hygroscopic
c. amphipathic
d. hydrophillic - ANSWER-amphipathic
The physical property of cells having the greatest impact on the chemical reactions
of life is that reactions mainly take place in a/an ____ environment.
a. acidic
b. basic
c. aqueous
d. stable - ANSWER-aqueous
Which of the following would be the MOST abundant in a human muscle cell?
a. sulfur
b. zinc
c. iron
d. calcium
e. sodium - ANSWER-sulfur
The cell walls of bacteria are made of peptidoglycan. Like cellulose, this is an
example of a/an
a. unbranched polysaccharide
b. unbranched polypeptide
c. unsaturated polysaccharide
d. unsaturated polypeptide - ANSWER-unbranched polysaccharide
In order for a chlorine atom (Cl) to become a chloride ion (Cl-), what has to happen?
a. chlorine loses a neutron
b. chlorine gains a neutron
c. chlorine loses an electron
,d. chlorine gains an electron - ANSWER-chlorine gains an electron
The ____ of a nucleotide determines whether it is a component of DNA or a
component of RNA.
a. disulfide group
b. phosphate group
c. five carbon sugar
d. alpha carbon
e. side chain - ANSWER-five carbon sugar
During the Calvin Cycle, carbon atoms are covalently linked together to form organic
molecules. Based on our discussion of how biological macromolecules are made,
what type of reaction creates these covalent bonds?
a. dehydration
b. catabolic
c. spontaneous
d. hydrolysis - ANSWER-dehydration
In biological systems, the function of a protein is most intimately linked to its
a. structure
b. degree of polarity
c. abundance
d. distribution
e. frequency - ANSWER-structure
Every amino acid has which of the following functional groups as part of its essential
structure?
a. methyl group
b. phosphate group
c. carboxyl group
d. sulfhydryl group - ANSWER-carboxyl group
All living things need a significant amount of nitrogen to survive. What
macromolecules have a lot of nitrogen in their structure?
a. proteins and nucleic acids
b. lipids and nucleic acids
c. proteins and lipids
d. lipids and carbohydrates
e. carbohydrates and nucleic acids
f. proteins and carbohydrates - ANSWER-a. proteins and nucleic acids
The fatty acid chains of unsaturated fat contains
a. polar covalent bonds
b. double bonds
c. ionic bonds
d. hydrogen bonds - ANSWER-double bonds
What is TRUE of the highly branched polysaccharide glycogen?
a. it is used as the energy storage molecule in plants
b. it is a structural element in human muscle cells
, c. it is found in the cell membrane of humans
d. it is highly soluble - ANSWER-it is highly soluble
In biological membranes, the ____ of phospholipids interacts with the surrounding
aqueous environment.
a. hydrophilic head
b. amphipathic head
c. hydrophobic head
d. polar tail - ANSWER-hydrophilic head
Within the DNA double-helix
a. the bases on opposite strands are held together by disulfide bridges
b. amino acids are held together by hydrogen bonds
c. deoxyribose sugar and phosphates make up the backbone of each strand
d. the R group on each strand form ionic bonds - ANSWER-deoxyribose sugar and
phosphates make up the backbone of each strand
You need to build a phospholipid molecule. Which of the following do you need?
a. glycerol and fatty acids only
b. cholesterol, fatty acids, and polar head groups
c. cholesterol and fatty acids only
d. glycerol, fatty acids, and polar head groups - ANSWER-glycerol, fatty acids, and
polar head groups
The primary structure of collagen polypeptides in your body are determined by the
a. local interactions of R-groups in the polypeptides
b. DNA sequence of the collagen genes
c. disulfide covalent bonds between polypeptides
d. ionic bonds between R-groups in the polypeptides - ANSWER-DNA sequence of
the collagen genes
If a protein has quaternary structure, that means it
a. has both polypeptide and lipid components in its final form.
b. has both lipid and nucleic acid components in its final form.
c. has both nucleic acid & carbohydrate components in its final form.
d. has both polypeptide and nucleic acid components in its final form.
e. has multiple polypeptides in its final form. - ANSWER-has multiple polypeptides in
its final form.
Triglycerides are used ________ in your body
a. production of the endomembrane system
b. for proper cell membrane structure
c. in cell signaling
d. long-term energy storage - ANSWER-long term energy storage
The ___ serves as the selective barrier between the internal environment and the
external environment of the cell.
a. cell wall
b. proteoglycans
c. extracellular matrix
