Rutgers Bio 116 Exam 2 Questions with
Verified Answers
Functions of ground tissue - ANSWER-photosynthesis, storage, support, short
distance transport
Functions of vascular tissue(plants) - ANSWER-transport and structural
support
Xylem - ANSWER-vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to
every part of a plant
cohesion-tension hypothesis - ANSWER-transpiration and water cohesion pull
water from shoots to roots
Phloem - ANSWER-carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant,
translocation of sugars from source to sink
pressure-flow hypothesis - ANSWER-pressure gradient exists between source
where sugar is loaded into phloem (high pressure) and sink where sugar is
removed from phloem (low pressure)
plasmodesma - ANSWER-an open channel through the cell wall that connects the
cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells, allowing water, small solutes, and some larger
molecules to pass between the cells; continuity between 2 cells
indeterminate growth - ANSWER-growth occurs throughout the plant's life
primary growth - ANSWER-Growth produced by apical meristems, which lengthen
stems and roots
secondary growth - ANSWER-Growth produced by lateral meristems, thickening the
roots and shoots of woody plants
antagonistic hormones - ANSWER-hormones that have opposing physiological
properties, but that work together
Scientists have discovered a parasitic fungus whose hyphae invade plants by
piercing the cuticle on leaves. Which of the following best describes the most
immediate effect of the fungus on the plant?
a. Materials will move between adjacent cells less efficiently
b. Water will no longer move from the root xylem into the soil
c. Water will be lost via desiccation
, d. Water transport in stem xylem will be inhibited
e. Sugar transport from source to sink will not occur - ANSWER-
Auxin - ANSWER-a plant hormone that promotes root formation and bud growth
How does auxin work? - ANSWER-auxin work on primary cell walls and weakens
them so they stretch (cell walls fill with H20 and get larger)
Boysen-Jensen experiment - ANSWER-concluded signal was some sort of chemical
growth signal; coming from tip = phototropism
Cytokinins - ANSWER-Plant hormones that stimulate cell division and differentiation
Cytokinins experiment - ANSWER-w/ cyto and auxin = grow and divide
no cyto and auxin = grow
w/ cyto and no auxin = no effect
ABA - ANSWER-helps plants adapt to stress; keeps seeds dormant (delays
germination)
Ethylene - ANSWER-gas hormone; plant hormone that stimulates fruits to ripen
triple response to mechanical stress - ANSWER-1. slowing of stem elongation
2. thickening of stem
3. horizontal growth (stem curves)
Senescence - ANSWER-APOPTOSIS - leaves falling; the natural physical decline
brought about by aging
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Having an aversion to water
Hydrophilic - ANSWER-Attracted to water
Hypotonic - ANSWER-the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes
Hypertonic - ANSWER-the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
Osmosis - ANSWER-Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Imagine that the room where you have your biology exam began today is very hot.
Not long after the exam started you began sweating, blood vessels in your skin
dilated, and your body temperature began to cool. Assuming your body is capable of
normal homeostasis, which of the following is TRUE?
I. The stimulus in this scenario is the high room temperature.
II. A control center in your body activated cooling mechanisms
III. Your temperature will increase to above normal range until you go back outside
IV. This scenario is an example of positive feedback
V. You will continue to sweat until your body temperature reaches normal range -
ANSWER-I, II, and V
Verified Answers
Functions of ground tissue - ANSWER-photosynthesis, storage, support, short
distance transport
Functions of vascular tissue(plants) - ANSWER-transport and structural
support
Xylem - ANSWER-vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to
every part of a plant
cohesion-tension hypothesis - ANSWER-transpiration and water cohesion pull
water from shoots to roots
Phloem - ANSWER-carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant,
translocation of sugars from source to sink
pressure-flow hypothesis - ANSWER-pressure gradient exists between source
where sugar is loaded into phloem (high pressure) and sink where sugar is
removed from phloem (low pressure)
plasmodesma - ANSWER-an open channel through the cell wall that connects the
cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells, allowing water, small solutes, and some larger
molecules to pass between the cells; continuity between 2 cells
indeterminate growth - ANSWER-growth occurs throughout the plant's life
primary growth - ANSWER-Growth produced by apical meristems, which lengthen
stems and roots
secondary growth - ANSWER-Growth produced by lateral meristems, thickening the
roots and shoots of woody plants
antagonistic hormones - ANSWER-hormones that have opposing physiological
properties, but that work together
Scientists have discovered a parasitic fungus whose hyphae invade plants by
piercing the cuticle on leaves. Which of the following best describes the most
immediate effect of the fungus on the plant?
a. Materials will move between adjacent cells less efficiently
b. Water will no longer move from the root xylem into the soil
c. Water will be lost via desiccation
, d. Water transport in stem xylem will be inhibited
e. Sugar transport from source to sink will not occur - ANSWER-
Auxin - ANSWER-a plant hormone that promotes root formation and bud growth
How does auxin work? - ANSWER-auxin work on primary cell walls and weakens
them so they stretch (cell walls fill with H20 and get larger)
Boysen-Jensen experiment - ANSWER-concluded signal was some sort of chemical
growth signal; coming from tip = phototropism
Cytokinins - ANSWER-Plant hormones that stimulate cell division and differentiation
Cytokinins experiment - ANSWER-w/ cyto and auxin = grow and divide
no cyto and auxin = grow
w/ cyto and no auxin = no effect
ABA - ANSWER-helps plants adapt to stress; keeps seeds dormant (delays
germination)
Ethylene - ANSWER-gas hormone; plant hormone that stimulates fruits to ripen
triple response to mechanical stress - ANSWER-1. slowing of stem elongation
2. thickening of stem
3. horizontal growth (stem curves)
Senescence - ANSWER-APOPTOSIS - leaves falling; the natural physical decline
brought about by aging
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Having an aversion to water
Hydrophilic - ANSWER-Attracted to water
Hypotonic - ANSWER-the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes
Hypertonic - ANSWER-the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
Osmosis - ANSWER-Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Imagine that the room where you have your biology exam began today is very hot.
Not long after the exam started you began sweating, blood vessels in your skin
dilated, and your body temperature began to cool. Assuming your body is capable of
normal homeostasis, which of the following is TRUE?
I. The stimulus in this scenario is the high room temperature.
II. A control center in your body activated cooling mechanisms
III. Your temperature will increase to above normal range until you go back outside
IV. This scenario is an example of positive feedback
V. You will continue to sweat until your body temperature reaches normal range -
ANSWER-I, II, and V
