NURS. 5315 2025/2026 A+ Exam Questions with Verified
Answers.
C
Terms in this set (51)
A patient in respiratory distress A patient who is breathing 33 breaths per minute is
and is hyperventilating and blowing off CO2; therefore the PCO2
breathing 33 breaths per level will be low. The patient will most likely experience a
minute. Which ABG value is respiratory alkalosis and the two pH values provided are not
consistent with the clinical consistent with this
scenario? diagnosis.
PCO2 15
pH 7.30
pH 7.45
O2 sat 100%
A patient has a sodium level of b. The cause of neurologic symptoms associated with a sodium
115 mEq/L and is disoriented imbalance is directly related to fluid shifting into or out of the
and lethargic. Which neurons of the brain. With a serum sodium of 115 mEq/L,
pathological process best water shifts into the neurons and causes them to swell.
explains this patient's Hypernatremia causes water to shift out of the cell into the
symptoms? intravascular space and causes the
a. The action potential has neurons to become dehydrated. An alteration in the action
become hyperpolarized. potential is not seen with sodium imbalances.
b. Water has shifted into the
neurons and caused them to
swell.
c. Water has shifted into the
vascular space and dehydrated
the neurons.
d. The action potential has
become hypopolarized.
,A patient experiencing a. Serum osmolality is increased during times of dehydration.
dehydration should be An elevated serum osmolality will pull potassium into the
monitored for which intravascular space from the intracellular space and cause a
electrolyte rise in serum potassium.
imbalance?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypercalcemia
d. Hyponatermia
, A chromosome is a package of material located inside the cell
nucleus which is made of proteins and a single molecule of
DNA. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in each human cell
for a total of 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes are separated
into two identical sets during mitosis or meiosis. This
provides a set of chromosomes to
each daughter cell which results from cell division. This
process is responsible for the transfer of genetic information
to the daughter cells. The first 22 pairs of
chromosomes are known as autosomes. The 23rd pair of
chromosomes is the pair which contains the genetic
information for gender. This pair contains the genetic
information which delineates between the male and female
genders. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males
have an XY chromosome pair. Autosomal
chromosomes are said to be autologous. This means they do not carry
genetic
information pertaining to gender. Autosomal genetic diseases
are carried on the first 22 pairs of chromosomes. Sex-linked
diseases are only carried on the 23rd pair of
A married couple presents to chromosomes. The autosomal chromosomes are nearly identical to
your office for genetic one another and are considered homologous to one another.
counseling. The husband has an Each autosomal chromosome in a pair carries identical genes.
autosomal recessive disease These two genes are known as alleles. The alleles occupy the
and his wife has a same site on each partner of the chromosome pair and code
heterozygous genotype for the for the same genetic
disease. They ask you, What is trait or physiologic function. Alleles can be dominant or
the chance recessive. One allele may be dominant and the other recessive,
that our baby will have the or they both may be dominant or both recessive. The dominant
disease? Which of the following alleles' genetic code will always manifest in the individual's
answers is correct? phenotype.
25% The information in the recessive allele is typically not
50% expressed in the phenotype unless both alleles are recessive.
75% For the purpose of clarity in use, the dominant gene is
100%
assigned a capital letter and the recessive gene is assigned a
lower case letter. Any letter is okay to use but make sure you
use the same letter for the
genotype - for example, "Bb or aa." The term homozygous
refers to a pair of alleles which are either both dominant or
recessive. For example, "BB or bb" are said to be homozygous
Answers.
C
Terms in this set (51)
A patient in respiratory distress A patient who is breathing 33 breaths per minute is
and is hyperventilating and blowing off CO2; therefore the PCO2
breathing 33 breaths per level will be low. The patient will most likely experience a
minute. Which ABG value is respiratory alkalosis and the two pH values provided are not
consistent with the clinical consistent with this
scenario? diagnosis.
PCO2 15
pH 7.30
pH 7.45
O2 sat 100%
A patient has a sodium level of b. The cause of neurologic symptoms associated with a sodium
115 mEq/L and is disoriented imbalance is directly related to fluid shifting into or out of the
and lethargic. Which neurons of the brain. With a serum sodium of 115 mEq/L,
pathological process best water shifts into the neurons and causes them to swell.
explains this patient's Hypernatremia causes water to shift out of the cell into the
symptoms? intravascular space and causes the
a. The action potential has neurons to become dehydrated. An alteration in the action
become hyperpolarized. potential is not seen with sodium imbalances.
b. Water has shifted into the
neurons and caused them to
swell.
c. Water has shifted into the
vascular space and dehydrated
the neurons.
d. The action potential has
become hypopolarized.
,A patient experiencing a. Serum osmolality is increased during times of dehydration.
dehydration should be An elevated serum osmolality will pull potassium into the
monitored for which intravascular space from the intracellular space and cause a
electrolyte rise in serum potassium.
imbalance?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypercalcemia
d. Hyponatermia
, A chromosome is a package of material located inside the cell
nucleus which is made of proteins and a single molecule of
DNA. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in each human cell
for a total of 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes are separated
into two identical sets during mitosis or meiosis. This
provides a set of chromosomes to
each daughter cell which results from cell division. This
process is responsible for the transfer of genetic information
to the daughter cells. The first 22 pairs of
chromosomes are known as autosomes. The 23rd pair of
chromosomes is the pair which contains the genetic
information for gender. This pair contains the genetic
information which delineates between the male and female
genders. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males
have an XY chromosome pair. Autosomal
chromosomes are said to be autologous. This means they do not carry
genetic
information pertaining to gender. Autosomal genetic diseases
are carried on the first 22 pairs of chromosomes. Sex-linked
diseases are only carried on the 23rd pair of
A married couple presents to chromosomes. The autosomal chromosomes are nearly identical to
your office for genetic one another and are considered homologous to one another.
counseling. The husband has an Each autosomal chromosome in a pair carries identical genes.
autosomal recessive disease These two genes are known as alleles. The alleles occupy the
and his wife has a same site on each partner of the chromosome pair and code
heterozygous genotype for the for the same genetic
disease. They ask you, What is trait or physiologic function. Alleles can be dominant or
the chance recessive. One allele may be dominant and the other recessive,
that our baby will have the or they both may be dominant or both recessive. The dominant
disease? Which of the following alleles' genetic code will always manifest in the individual's
answers is correct? phenotype.
25% The information in the recessive allele is typically not
50% expressed in the phenotype unless both alleles are recessive.
75% For the purpose of clarity in use, the dominant gene is
100%
assigned a capital letter and the recessive gene is assigned a
lower case letter. Any letter is okay to use but make sure you
use the same letter for the
genotype - for example, "Bb or aa." The term homozygous
refers to a pair of alleles which are either both dominant or
recessive. For example, "BB or bb" are said to be homozygous
