NURS. 5315 2025/2026 A+ Exam Questions with Verified
Answers.
C
Terms in this set (88)
Which bone cell is primarily c. Osteoclast
responsible for bone
resorption?
a. Osteoblast
b. Osteocyte
c. Osteoclast
d. Chondrocyte
What signaling molecule b. Sclerostin
secreted by osteocytes
inhibits osteoblast activity?
a. RANK
b. Sclerostin
c. Cathepsin K
d. Osteocalcin
Which of the following is a b. Osteocalcin
biochemical marker of
osteoblast activity?
a. Tartrate-resistant acid
phosphatase (TRAP)
b. Osteocalcin
c. Cathepsin K
d. Matrix metalloproteinases
(MMPs)
,What is the primary function c. Maintaining bone homeostasis
of osteocytes within the bone
matrix?
a. Synthesizing osteoid
b. Resorbing bone tissue
c. Maintaining bone homeostasis
d. Initiating fracture repair
Which enzyme is secreted by b. Cathepsin K
osteoclasts to degrade the
collagen matrix?
a. Alkaline phosphatase
b. Cathepsin K
c. Acid phosphatase
d. Osteopontin
True or False: Osteoblasts False (Osteoblasts originate from mesenchymal stem cells.)
originate from hematopoietic
stem cells.
True or False: The True
RANKL/OPG ratio is critical
in regulating osteoclast activity.
True or False:Sclerostin False (Sclerostin production decreases in response to mechanical
production by osteocytes is loading.)
increased in response to
mechanical loading.
True or False: Vitamin D False (Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption, while
deficiency leads to impaired Vitamin C deficiency affects collagen synthesis.)
collagen synthesis in the bone
matrix.
True or False: Osteocytes True
communicate with
neighboring cells through
dendritic processes in
canaliculi.
, What is the role of the b. OPG binds to RANKL, preventing its interaction with
RANK/RANKL/OPG system RANK, thereby inhibiting osteoclast activity.
in bone remodeling?
a. RANK/RANKL
interaction promotes
osteoblast differentiation
and activity, leading to
bone formation.
b. OPG binds to RANKL,
preventing its
interaction with RANK,
thereby inhibiting osteoclast
activity
.c. OPG promotes osteoclast
differentiation and increases
bone resorption.
d. RANK/RANKL
interaction inhibits
osteoblast activity,
reducing bone formation.
What is the primary c. Increased bone resorption, reduced bone density, and a higher risk of
consequence of excessive fractures.
osteoclast activity in conditions
like osteoporosis?
a. Increased bone formation and
density.
b. Reduced bone resorption
and stronger bones.
c. Increased bone resorption,
reduced bone density, and a
higher risk of fractures
.d. Decreased osteoblast activity
and delayed fracture healing.
Answers.
C
Terms in this set (88)
Which bone cell is primarily c. Osteoclast
responsible for bone
resorption?
a. Osteoblast
b. Osteocyte
c. Osteoclast
d. Chondrocyte
What signaling molecule b. Sclerostin
secreted by osteocytes
inhibits osteoblast activity?
a. RANK
b. Sclerostin
c. Cathepsin K
d. Osteocalcin
Which of the following is a b. Osteocalcin
biochemical marker of
osteoblast activity?
a. Tartrate-resistant acid
phosphatase (TRAP)
b. Osteocalcin
c. Cathepsin K
d. Matrix metalloproteinases
(MMPs)
,What is the primary function c. Maintaining bone homeostasis
of osteocytes within the bone
matrix?
a. Synthesizing osteoid
b. Resorbing bone tissue
c. Maintaining bone homeostasis
d. Initiating fracture repair
Which enzyme is secreted by b. Cathepsin K
osteoclasts to degrade the
collagen matrix?
a. Alkaline phosphatase
b. Cathepsin K
c. Acid phosphatase
d. Osteopontin
True or False: Osteoblasts False (Osteoblasts originate from mesenchymal stem cells.)
originate from hematopoietic
stem cells.
True or False: The True
RANKL/OPG ratio is critical
in regulating osteoclast activity.
True or False:Sclerostin False (Sclerostin production decreases in response to mechanical
production by osteocytes is loading.)
increased in response to
mechanical loading.
True or False: Vitamin D False (Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption, while
deficiency leads to impaired Vitamin C deficiency affects collagen synthesis.)
collagen synthesis in the bone
matrix.
True or False: Osteocytes True
communicate with
neighboring cells through
dendritic processes in
canaliculi.
, What is the role of the b. OPG binds to RANKL, preventing its interaction with
RANK/RANKL/OPG system RANK, thereby inhibiting osteoclast activity.
in bone remodeling?
a. RANK/RANKL
interaction promotes
osteoblast differentiation
and activity, leading to
bone formation.
b. OPG binds to RANKL,
preventing its
interaction with RANK,
thereby inhibiting osteoclast
activity
.c. OPG promotes osteoclast
differentiation and increases
bone resorption.
d. RANK/RANKL
interaction inhibits
osteoblast activity,
reducing bone formation.
What is the primary c. Increased bone resorption, reduced bone density, and a higher risk of
consequence of excessive fractures.
osteoclast activity in conditions
like osteoporosis?
a. Increased bone formation and
density.
b. Reduced bone resorption
and stronger bones.
c. Increased bone resorption,
reduced bone density, and a
higher risk of fractures
.d. Decreased osteoblast activity
and delayed fracture healing.
