MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING LEWIS EXAM 1 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (RATIONALES) GUARANTEED PASS GRADED A+

MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING LEWIS EXAM 1 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (RATIONALES) GUARANTEED PASS GRADED A+ 1. A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing polyphagia. Which outcome statement is the priority for this client? a. Fluid and electrolyte balance. b. Prevention of water toxicity. c. Reduced glucose in the urine. d. Adequate cellular nourishment. - Correct Answer :D A+ TEST BANK 1 MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM Rationale Diabetes mellitus Type 1 is characterized by hyperglycemia that precipitates glucosuria and polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). Polyphagia is a consequence of cellular malnourishment when insulin deficiency prevents utilization of glucose into the cell for energy, so the outcome statement should include stabilization of adequate cellular nutrition which is done by providing the insulin supplement the client needs. 2. A client has taken steroids for 12 years to help manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When making a home visit, which nursing function is of greatest importance to this client? Assess the client's a. pulse rate, both apically and radially. b. blood pressure, both standing and sitting. c. temperature. d. skin color and turgor. - Correct Answer :C Rationale It is very important to check the client's temperature. Long term use of steroids use COPD clients is effective in suppressing inflammation in their airways making it easier for them to breath, but at the same time suppresses the immune system, placing the client at risk for infection. A+ TEST BANK 2 MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM 3. Which intervention should the nurse plan to implement when caring for a client who has just undergone a right above-the-knee amputation? a. Maintain the residual limb on three pillows at all times. b. Place a large tourniquet at the client's bedside. c. Apply constant, direct pressure to the residual limb. d. Do not allow the client to lie in the prone position. - Correct Answer :B Rationale A large tourniquet should be placed in plain sight at the client's bedside, in the event severe bleeding occurs. The purpose is to have the tourniquet available to applied to the residual limb to control bleeding if hemorrhaging was to occur. The residual limb should not be placed on a pillow because a flexion contracture of the hip may result and the client should be encouraged to lie in the prone position to prevent flexion contracture of the hip. 4. The nurse knows that lab values sometimes vary for the older client. Which data would the nurse expect to find when reviewing laboratory values of an 80-year-old male? a. Increased WBC, decreased RBC. b. Increased serum bilirubin, slightly increased liver enzymes. c. Increased protein in the urine, slightly increased serum glucose levels. 1. A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing polyphagia. Which outcome statement is the priority for this client? a. Fluid and electrolyte balance. b. Prevention of water toxicity. c. Reduced glucose in the urine. d. Adequate cellular nourishment. - Correct Answer :D A+ TEST BANK 1 MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM Rationale Diabetes mellitus Type 1 is characterized by hyperglycemia that precipitates glucosuria and polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). Polyphagia is a consequence of cellular malnourishment when insulin deficiency prevents utilization of glucose into the cell for energy, so the outcome statement should include stabilization of adequate cellular nutrition which is done by providing the insulin supplement the client needs. 2. A client has taken steroids for 12 years to help manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When making a home visit, which nursing function is of greatest importance to this client? Assess the client's a. pulse rate, both apically and radially. b. blood pressure, both standing and sitting. c. temperature. d. skin color and turgor. - Correct Answer :C Rationale It is very important to check the client's temperature. Long term use of steroids use COPD clients is effective in suppressing inflammation in their airways making it easier for them to breath, but at the same time suppresses the immune system, placing the client at risk for infection. A+ TEST BANK 2 MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM 3. Which intervention should the nurse plan to implement when caring for a client who has just undergone a right above-the-knee amputation? a. Maintain the residual limb on three pillows at all times. b. Place a large tourniquet at the client's bedside. c. Apply constant, direct pressure to the residual limb. d. Do not allow the client to lie in the prone position. - Correct Answer :B Rationale A large tourniquet should be placed in plain sight at the client's bedside, in the event severe bleeding occurs. The purpose is to have the tourniquet available to applied to the residual limb to control bleeding if hemorrhaging was to occur. The residual limb should not be placed on a pillow because a flexion contracture of the hip may result and the client should be encouraged to lie in the prone position to prevent flexion contracture of the hip. 4. The nurse knows that lab values sometimes vary for the older client. Which data would the nurse expect to find when reviewing laboratory values of an 80-year-old male? a. Increased WBC, decreased RBC. b. Increased serum bilirubin, slightly increased liver enzymes. c. Increased protein in the urine, slightly increased serum glucose levels.