PARAMEDIC MEDICAL EMERGENCIES
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
Primary adrenal insufficiency; a metabolic and endocrine ailment caused by a direct insult to or
malfunction of adrenal cortex - ANS addison's disease
most common form of hyperthyroidism, auto immune disorder in which antibodies that mimi
the roll of TSH produce and increase in secretion of thyroid hormones - ANS graves disease
endocrine emergency characterized by hyper-function of the thyroid gland, occurs when body
is stressed by diabetic emergency - ANS thyroid storm
usually DM type 2; high plasma glucose concentration, absent keytone production, increase
serum osmolality - ANS hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic syndrome (HHNS)
inglamation of the meninges, headache, nuchal rigidity/ neck stiffness, fever/chills -
ANS meningitis
infection that usually effects several body systems; resistant to multiple antibiotics, small red
localized bumps, pain, fever, redness - ANS MRSA
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,direct result of antibiotic therapy, suppresses the normal flora in the GI tract;c-diff can
predominate; non bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain - ANS clostridium difficile (c-diff)
RAS converts angiotensin to andiotensin 1; lungs convert to angiotensin 2 via angiotensin
converting enzymes (ACE);angiotensin 2 is a potent/short lived vasoconstrictor, RAS causes
increase in preload, after-load, and reabsorption of sodium - ANS renin- angiotensin system
activation (RAS)
anxiety, restlessness, initial hyperventilation,
bradycardia followed by tachycardia
hypertention followed by hypotention
dysrhythmia
bitter almond oder to breath
nausea, pupil dilation, headache, confusion, dizziness
TREATMENT- sodium thiosulfate IV - ANS cyanide poisoning
pulse waveform showing alternating strong and weak beats
* indicative of left ventricular disfunction* - ANS pulsus alternans
can be confirmed with ST- changes in all leads - ANS pericarditis
characterized by diffuse abdominal pain - ANS Acetametaphen Overdose
press firmly upward into RUQ and ask pt to take a deep breath; arrest on inspiration due to pain
is a positive finding
*associated with gallbladder or hepatic involvement) - ANS murphy's sign
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, appendicitis; left lateral recumbent position, extend right leg at hip, if pain increases in RLQ its a
positive finding - ANS PSOAS sign
involuntary flexing of the legs from flexing neck - ANS brudzinski's sign
flexion of knee and hip, extension of knee is painful, leading resistance and flexion of the torso -
ANS kerning's sign
causes a drop in blood sugar - ANS bata blocker OD
raises blood sugar, QT interval changes - ANS calcium channel blocker OD
includes events and conditions that damage the epithelial cell layer; can be caused indirectly by
a massive immune response in which chemical mediators are transported in the blood- stream
(creates chain reaction where all organs including lungs start to disfunction called multiple
organ disfunction syndrome (MODS) - ANS ARDS
caused by alcohol, cholelithiasis, trauma, infection, inflammation - ANS Acute pancreatitis
sub arachnoid hemerage - ANS thunder clap headache caused by
bruising around umbilicus, *pancreatitis, intra-abdominal bleed* - ANS cullen's sign
difficulty breathing when laying down / sleeping, patient will have a lot of pillows or possibly C-
PAP or BI-pap - ANS paraoxmil nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
pulse change 10 points or grater, with inhalation, do to pressure differences in the thorax, ex.
back flow into lungs do to heart failure - ANS Pulseless paradioxis
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
Primary adrenal insufficiency; a metabolic and endocrine ailment caused by a direct insult to or
malfunction of adrenal cortex - ANS addison's disease
most common form of hyperthyroidism, auto immune disorder in which antibodies that mimi
the roll of TSH produce and increase in secretion of thyroid hormones - ANS graves disease
endocrine emergency characterized by hyper-function of the thyroid gland, occurs when body
is stressed by diabetic emergency - ANS thyroid storm
usually DM type 2; high plasma glucose concentration, absent keytone production, increase
serum osmolality - ANS hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic syndrome (HHNS)
inglamation of the meninges, headache, nuchal rigidity/ neck stiffness, fever/chills -
ANS meningitis
infection that usually effects several body systems; resistant to multiple antibiotics, small red
localized bumps, pain, fever, redness - ANS MRSA
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,direct result of antibiotic therapy, suppresses the normal flora in the GI tract;c-diff can
predominate; non bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain - ANS clostridium difficile (c-diff)
RAS converts angiotensin to andiotensin 1; lungs convert to angiotensin 2 via angiotensin
converting enzymes (ACE);angiotensin 2 is a potent/short lived vasoconstrictor, RAS causes
increase in preload, after-load, and reabsorption of sodium - ANS renin- angiotensin system
activation (RAS)
anxiety, restlessness, initial hyperventilation,
bradycardia followed by tachycardia
hypertention followed by hypotention
dysrhythmia
bitter almond oder to breath
nausea, pupil dilation, headache, confusion, dizziness
TREATMENT- sodium thiosulfate IV - ANS cyanide poisoning
pulse waveform showing alternating strong and weak beats
* indicative of left ventricular disfunction* - ANS pulsus alternans
can be confirmed with ST- changes in all leads - ANS pericarditis
characterized by diffuse abdominal pain - ANS Acetametaphen Overdose
press firmly upward into RUQ and ask pt to take a deep breath; arrest on inspiration due to pain
is a positive finding
*associated with gallbladder or hepatic involvement) - ANS murphy's sign
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, appendicitis; left lateral recumbent position, extend right leg at hip, if pain increases in RLQ its a
positive finding - ANS PSOAS sign
involuntary flexing of the legs from flexing neck - ANS brudzinski's sign
flexion of knee and hip, extension of knee is painful, leading resistance and flexion of the torso -
ANS kerning's sign
causes a drop in blood sugar - ANS bata blocker OD
raises blood sugar, QT interval changes - ANS calcium channel blocker OD
includes events and conditions that damage the epithelial cell layer; can be caused indirectly by
a massive immune response in which chemical mediators are transported in the blood- stream
(creates chain reaction where all organs including lungs start to disfunction called multiple
organ disfunction syndrome (MODS) - ANS ARDS
caused by alcohol, cholelithiasis, trauma, infection, inflammation - ANS Acute pancreatitis
sub arachnoid hemerage - ANS thunder clap headache caused by
bruising around umbilicus, *pancreatitis, intra-abdominal bleed* - ANS cullen's sign
difficulty breathing when laying down / sleeping, patient will have a lot of pillows or possibly C-
PAP or BI-pap - ANS paraoxmil nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
pulse change 10 points or grater, with inhalation, do to pressure differences in the thorax, ex.
back flow into lungs do to heart failure - ANS Pulseless paradioxis
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
