CMAN 380 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
Definition of "Screening" - (ANSWER)The process of using clinical tests and/or examinations to identify
patients who require additional health-related interventions
What is the goal of screening - (ANSWER)Detect early
Is screening primary, secondary, or tertiary? - (ANSWER)Secondary prevention
What is the purpose of a diagnostic test? - (ANSWER)Establish the absence of presence of a disease
(have it or not)
Diagnostic test are also called? - (ANSWER)confirmatory test
Is a screening diagnostic? - (ANSWER)NOT considered diagnostic test
-screen a subset of the population who may be at risk
-recommendations based on data
Does the US Preventive Services Task (USPSTF) fall under the HHS? - (ANSWER)YES
What is the USPSTF screening recommendations? - (ANSWER)-Based on the clinical research and
evidence-based preventive care
-Recommendations are based of the grading of the research evidence
To measure the quality of a test its important to identify? - (ANSWER)Sensitivity and Specificity
What do you look at when selecting screening tests? - (ANSWER)the test is valid and reliable
Validity - (ANSWER)is the screen distinguishing correctly:
,CMAN 380 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
1. Sensitivity
2. Specificity
Reliability - (ANSWER)consistency of test results over time & between examiners
Sensitivity - (ANSWER)-Identifies correctly those WITH disease
-truly DO have the disease
-positive test result
High sensitivity screening test - (ANSWER)detects most of the patients with the disease
Specificity - (ANSWER)-Identifies correctly those W/O disease
-true negatives
False negative - (ANSWER)test result that indicates a person does not have a disease or condition when
the person (actually) does have the illness
False positive - (ANSWER)the patient does NOT have the disease, BUT the test is positive.
Sensitivity is prioritized when? - (ANSWER)1. Disease is serious (want to identify as many true cases)
2. Treatment is effective and available (want to identify and treat as quickly as possible)
3. High risk of infectivity if individuals are not treated (want to minimize harm to others)
4. Subsequent test (next option) is cheap and low-risk
, CMAN 380 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
Specificity is often prioritized when? - (ANSWER)1. Treatment is unpalatable (only want to treat those
we are confident have the disease and would benefit from the treatment)
2. Subsequent test is expensive and risky
A rapid flu screen has a sensitivity (50-70%). The result came back, and it is negative. How would you
explain the results to the patient and what would you recommend? - (ANSWER)"it is likely you have the
flu"
-the other 30-50% will be a false negative
Achilles InSight test has a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 32%. How would you interpret these
results? - (ANSWER)90% chance of having impaired bone density
Lead is? - (ANSWER)soft blue-gray metal
What is the most common source of lead poisoning in children? - (ANSWER)lead based paint and lead
contaminated dust in older buildings
Where does lead present in? - (ANSWER)-paint (homes built before 1978), leaded gasoline,
recycling operations,
ongoing or historic mining and smelting,
commercial operations and,
lead contaminated consumer products (candy, toys, pottery, jewelry...etc.)
Most lead come from? - (ANSWER)lead paint chips. they become part of the dust and soil in and around
homes
Lead-based paint hazards occur in? - (ANSWER)families living in low income housing with children under
the age of 6 years
Definition of "Screening" - (ANSWER)The process of using clinical tests and/or examinations to identify
patients who require additional health-related interventions
What is the goal of screening - (ANSWER)Detect early
Is screening primary, secondary, or tertiary? - (ANSWER)Secondary prevention
What is the purpose of a diagnostic test? - (ANSWER)Establish the absence of presence of a disease
(have it or not)
Diagnostic test are also called? - (ANSWER)confirmatory test
Is a screening diagnostic? - (ANSWER)NOT considered diagnostic test
-screen a subset of the population who may be at risk
-recommendations based on data
Does the US Preventive Services Task (USPSTF) fall under the HHS? - (ANSWER)YES
What is the USPSTF screening recommendations? - (ANSWER)-Based on the clinical research and
evidence-based preventive care
-Recommendations are based of the grading of the research evidence
To measure the quality of a test its important to identify? - (ANSWER)Sensitivity and Specificity
What do you look at when selecting screening tests? - (ANSWER)the test is valid and reliable
Validity - (ANSWER)is the screen distinguishing correctly:
,CMAN 380 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
1. Sensitivity
2. Specificity
Reliability - (ANSWER)consistency of test results over time & between examiners
Sensitivity - (ANSWER)-Identifies correctly those WITH disease
-truly DO have the disease
-positive test result
High sensitivity screening test - (ANSWER)detects most of the patients with the disease
Specificity - (ANSWER)-Identifies correctly those W/O disease
-true negatives
False negative - (ANSWER)test result that indicates a person does not have a disease or condition when
the person (actually) does have the illness
False positive - (ANSWER)the patient does NOT have the disease, BUT the test is positive.
Sensitivity is prioritized when? - (ANSWER)1. Disease is serious (want to identify as many true cases)
2. Treatment is effective and available (want to identify and treat as quickly as possible)
3. High risk of infectivity if individuals are not treated (want to minimize harm to others)
4. Subsequent test (next option) is cheap and low-risk
, CMAN 380 Final Questions With Complete Solutions
Specificity is often prioritized when? - (ANSWER)1. Treatment is unpalatable (only want to treat those
we are confident have the disease and would benefit from the treatment)
2. Subsequent test is expensive and risky
A rapid flu screen has a sensitivity (50-70%). The result came back, and it is negative. How would you
explain the results to the patient and what would you recommend? - (ANSWER)"it is likely you have the
flu"
-the other 30-50% will be a false negative
Achilles InSight test has a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 32%. How would you interpret these
results? - (ANSWER)90% chance of having impaired bone density
Lead is? - (ANSWER)soft blue-gray metal
What is the most common source of lead poisoning in children? - (ANSWER)lead based paint and lead
contaminated dust in older buildings
Where does lead present in? - (ANSWER)-paint (homes built before 1978), leaded gasoline,
recycling operations,
ongoing or historic mining and smelting,
commercial operations and,
lead contaminated consumer products (candy, toys, pottery, jewelry...etc.)
Most lead come from? - (ANSWER)lead paint chips. they become part of the dust and soil in and around
homes
Lead-based paint hazards occur in? - (ANSWER)families living in low income housing with children under
the age of 6 years
