Test Bank for Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN
EXAMINATION, 9TH Edition By Linda Anne Silvestri and
Angela Silvestri – Complete Questions and Answers (2026)
1. The nurse is caring for a client in labor. The nurse reviews the physician’s prescriptions and notes that the
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
iclient has a prescription for butorphanol tartrate (Stadol). The nurse understands that this medication is pre
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
scribed for: fi
1. Pain relief fi
2. Increasing uterine contractions fi fi
3. Decreasing uterine contractions fi fi
4. Promoting fetal lung maturity fi fi fi
ANS: 1 fi
Rationale: The client in labor may be given parenteral analgesia during the first stage of labor, up to 2 to 3
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
hours before the anticipated delivery. Butorphanol tartrate is a medication that may be prescribed for
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
pain relief. ―Increasing uterine contractions,‖ ―decreasing uterine contractions,‖ and ―promoting fetal l
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ung maturity‖ are not actions of this medication.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: Knowledge of the action of butorphanol tartrate is required to answer this question. Rem
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ember that this medication is used for pain relief. Review the action of this medication if you had difficulty
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
with this question and are unfamiliar with this medication.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Planning
fi fi fi fi
2. The postpartum nurse is caring for a client with an epidural catheter in place for opioid analgesic a
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
dministration following cesarean birth. If the client develops respiratory depression and requires na
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
loxone (Narcan) as an antidote, the client may complain of which of the following?
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
1. Increase in her pain level fi fi fi fi
2. Decrease in her pain level fi fi fi fi
3. Increase in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidural
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
, 4. Decrease in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidural
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ANS: 1 fi
Rationale: Remember that opioids are used for epidural analgesia. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist, whic
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
h reverses the effects of opioids. If it is given, the client may complain of an increase in her pain level. The
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
refore ―decrease in her pain level,‖ ―increase in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidur
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
al,‖ and ―decrease in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidural‖ are incorrect.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: To answer this question accurately, you must know that opioid analgesics are the medicat
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
io
ns used with epidural analgesia to relieve pain. Therefore if naloxone is administered as an antidote for an
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
opioid analgesic, the client’s pain will increase. Review the effects of naloxone if this question was difficu
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
lt.
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Assessment
fi fi fi fi
3.
A client experiencing preterm labor at the twentyninth week of gestation has been admitted to the hospital.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
The client has a prescription to receive betamet
i fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
hasone (Celestone). The nurse understands that the medication will do which of the following?
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
1. Prevent spontaneous delivery. fi fi
2. Stop the uterine contractions. fi fi fi
3. Promote maturation of the fetal lungs. fi fi fi fi fi
4. Accelerate the growth rate of the fetus. fi fi fi fi fi fi
ANS: 3 fi
Rationale: Betamethasone (Celestone) is classified as an anti-
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
inflammatory and corticosteroid. It increases the surfactant level and lung maturity in the fetus, which red
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
uces the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome. Delivery must be delayed for at least 48 hours after ad
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ministration of betamethasone to allow time for the lungs of the fetus to mature.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: Options that are comparable or alike are not likely to be correct. With this in mind, elimi
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
nate ―prevent spontaneous delivery‖ and ―stop the uterine contractions.‖ Note the strategic words ―twenty
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
, Silvestri: Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Edition
-
ninth week of gestation.‖ Specific knowledge about the medication and knowledge of the problems encoun
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
tered by premature infants will assist in answering this question. Review the action of this medication if th
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
is question was difficult.
fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF: McKinney, E., James, S., Murray, S., & Ashwill, J. (2009). Maternal- fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
child nursing (3rd ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. OBJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Planning
fi fi fi fi
5. A pregnant client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is being seen in the antenatal cl
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
inic. The nurse recalls that zidovudine (AZT) therapy will be initiated when the fetus has reached how ma
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ny weeks of gestation?
fi fi fi
1. 4
2. 14
3. 24
4. 34
ANS: 2 fi
Rationale: The pregnant women with HIV infection will be prescribed oral AZT in the fourteenth week
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
of gestation. Before this time, the fetus is at risk because of the teratogenic effects of the medication. In
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
addition, a bolus of AZT is given intravenously during labor, and the neonate is treated for six weeks after
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
birth.
i
Test-
Taking Strategy: To answer this question accurately, you must be familiar with pharmacological therapy f
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
or clients who are HIVpositive. Knowing that the fetus is most vulnerable to the effects of medications and
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
chemicals during the
fi fi fi fi
period of organogenesis will assist you in selecting the correct answer. Review treatment measures for the
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
pregnant client with HIV infection if you had difficulty with this question.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. Ofi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
, MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Planning
fi fi fi fi
6. The nurse has a routine prescription to instill erythromycin ointment (Ilotycin) into the eyes of a n
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ewborn. The nurse plans to explain to the parents that the purpose of the medication is to:
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
1. Help the newborn to see more clearly.
fi fi fi fi fi fi
2. Guard against infection acquired during intrauterine life.
fi fi fi fi fi fi
3. Ensure the sterility of the conjunctiva in the newborn.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
4. Protect the newborn from contracting an eye infection during birth.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ANS: 4 fi
Rationale: The use of eye prophylaxis with an agent such as erythromycin protects the newborn from cont
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
racting a conjunctival infection during birth. This infection, called ophthalmia neonatorum, results from m
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
a
ternal vaginal infection with chlamydia or gonorrhea. This prophylaxis is mandatory in the United States.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
―Help the newborn to see more clearly,‖ ―guard against infection acquired during
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
intrauterine life,‖ and ―ensure the sterility of the conjunctiva in the newborn‖ do not describe the purposes
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
iof this medication.
fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: Familiarity with the purpose of this medication is needed to answer this question. Reme
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
mb er erythromycin protects the newborn from contracting a conjunctival infection during birth.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Review the purpose of this medication if you had difficulty with this question.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance fi fi fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
fi fi fi fi fi
7. The nurse has a routine prescription to administer an injection of phytonadione (vitamin K) to the
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
newborn. Before giving the medication, the nurse explains to the client that this medication will:
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Implementation
fi fi fi fi
EXAMINATION, 9TH Edition By Linda Anne Silvestri and
Angela Silvestri – Complete Questions and Answers (2026)
1. The nurse is caring for a client in labor. The nurse reviews the physician’s prescriptions and notes that the
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
iclient has a prescription for butorphanol tartrate (Stadol). The nurse understands that this medication is pre
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
scribed for: fi
1. Pain relief fi
2. Increasing uterine contractions fi fi
3. Decreasing uterine contractions fi fi
4. Promoting fetal lung maturity fi fi fi
ANS: 1 fi
Rationale: The client in labor may be given parenteral analgesia during the first stage of labor, up to 2 to 3
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
hours before the anticipated delivery. Butorphanol tartrate is a medication that may be prescribed for
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
pain relief. ―Increasing uterine contractions,‖ ―decreasing uterine contractions,‖ and ―promoting fetal l
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ung maturity‖ are not actions of this medication.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: Knowledge of the action of butorphanol tartrate is required to answer this question. Rem
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ember that this medication is used for pain relief. Review the action of this medication if you had difficulty
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
with this question and are unfamiliar with this medication.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Planning
fi fi fi fi
2. The postpartum nurse is caring for a client with an epidural catheter in place for opioid analgesic a
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
dministration following cesarean birth. If the client develops respiratory depression and requires na
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
loxone (Narcan) as an antidote, the client may complain of which of the following?
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
1. Increase in her pain level fi fi fi fi
2. Decrease in her pain level fi fi fi fi
3. Increase in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidural
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
, 4. Decrease in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidural
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ANS: 1 fi
Rationale: Remember that opioids are used for epidural analgesia. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist, whic
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
h reverses the effects of opioids. If it is given, the client may complain of an increase in her pain level. The
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
refore ―decrease in her pain level,‖ ―increase in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidur
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
al,‖ and ―decrease in the amount of itching from the opioid used in the epidural‖ are incorrect.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: To answer this question accurately, you must know that opioid analgesics are the medicat
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
io
ns used with epidural analgesia to relieve pain. Therefore if naloxone is administered as an antidote for an
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
opioid analgesic, the client’s pain will increase. Review the effects of naloxone if this question was difficu
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
lt.
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Assessment
fi fi fi fi
3.
A client experiencing preterm labor at the twentyninth week of gestation has been admitted to the hospital.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
The client has a prescription to receive betamet
i fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
hasone (Celestone). The nurse understands that the medication will do which of the following?
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
1. Prevent spontaneous delivery. fi fi
2. Stop the uterine contractions. fi fi fi
3. Promote maturation of the fetal lungs. fi fi fi fi fi
4. Accelerate the growth rate of the fetus. fi fi fi fi fi fi
ANS: 3 fi
Rationale: Betamethasone (Celestone) is classified as an anti-
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
inflammatory and corticosteroid. It increases the surfactant level and lung maturity in the fetus, which red
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
uces the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome. Delivery must be delayed for at least 48 hours after ad
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ministration of betamethasone to allow time for the lungs of the fetus to mature.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: Options that are comparable or alike are not likely to be correct. With this in mind, elimi
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
nate ―prevent spontaneous delivery‖ and ―stop the uterine contractions.‖ Note the strategic words ―twenty
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
, Silvestri: Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Edition
-
ninth week of gestation.‖ Specific knowledge about the medication and knowledge of the problems encoun
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
tered by premature infants will assist in answering this question. Review the action of this medication if th
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
is question was difficult.
fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF: McKinney, E., James, S., Murray, S., & Ashwill, J. (2009). Maternal- fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
child nursing (3rd ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. OBJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Planning
fi fi fi fi
5. A pregnant client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is being seen in the antenatal cl
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
inic. The nurse recalls that zidovudine (AZT) therapy will be initiated when the fetus has reached how ma
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ny weeks of gestation?
fi fi fi
1. 4
2. 14
3. 24
4. 34
ANS: 2 fi
Rationale: The pregnant women with HIV infection will be prescribed oral AZT in the fourteenth week
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
of gestation. Before this time, the fetus is at risk because of the teratogenic effects of the medication. In
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
addition, a bolus of AZT is given intravenously during labor, and the neonate is treated for six weeks after
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
birth.
i
Test-
Taking Strategy: To answer this question accurately, you must be familiar with pharmacological therapy f
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
or clients who are HIVpositive. Knowing that the fetus is most vulnerable to the effects of medications and
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
chemicals during the
fi fi fi fi
period of organogenesis will assist you in selecting the correct answer. Review treatment measures for the
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
pregnant client with HIV infection if you had difficulty with this question.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Understanding fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. Ofi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
, MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Planning
fi fi fi fi
6. The nurse has a routine prescription to instill erythromycin ointment (Ilotycin) into the eyes of a n
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ewborn. The nurse plans to explain to the parents that the purpose of the medication is to:
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
1. Help the newborn to see more clearly.
fi fi fi fi fi fi
2. Guard against infection acquired during intrauterine life.
fi fi fi fi fi fi
3. Ensure the sterility of the conjunctiva in the newborn.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
4. Protect the newborn from contracting an eye infection during birth.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
ANS: 4 fi
Rationale: The use of eye prophylaxis with an agent such as erythromycin protects the newborn from cont
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
racting a conjunctival infection during birth. This infection, called ophthalmia neonatorum, results from m
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
a
ternal vaginal infection with chlamydia or gonorrhea. This prophylaxis is mandatory in the United States.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
―Help the newborn to see more clearly,‖ ―guard against infection acquired during
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
intrauterine life,‖ and ―ensure the sterility of the conjunctiva in the newborn‖ do not describe the purposes
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi f
iof this medication.
fi fi
Test-
Taking Strategy: Familiarity with the purpose of this medication is needed to answer this question. Reme
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
mb er erythromycin protects the newborn from contracting a conjunctival infection during birth.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
Review the purpose of this medication if you had difficulty with this question.
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
PTS: 1
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance fi fi fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
fi fi fi fi fi
7. The nurse has a routine prescription to administer an injection of phytonadione (vitamin K) to the
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
newborn. Before giving the medication, the nurse explains to the client that this medication will:
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying fi fi fi fi
REF:
Lehne, R. (2010). Pharmacology for nursing care (7th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. O
fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi fi
BJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity fi fi fi
TOP: Content Area: Pharmacology
fifi fi fi
MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Implementation
fi fi fi fi
