Exam 2 NUR 6001
Solid Organs - answer maintain their shape: liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, ovaries
Hollow Organs - answerthe shape depends on contents: stomach, gallbladder,
intestines, bladder, uterus
Neoplasm of esophagus/stomach odor - answer severe bad breath
Peptic ulcers odor - answer acid breath
Hepatic failure odor - answer sickly sweet odor
Esophageal diverticulum odor – answer odor of decay
Severe bowel obstruction odor - answerodor of feces
Cirrhosis with portal shunting odor - answerodor of rotten eggs and garlic
increased lunula size - answerindicates hyperthyroid, leprosy, and scleroderma
Normal bowel sounds for small intestine - answerhigh-pitched, gurgling
Normal bowel sounds for colon - answerlow-pitched, rumbling
Liver percussion - answerbegins at abdomen just below the umbilicus at the right
midclavicular line, percuss upward until dullness is heard
Spleen percussion - answerlie supine, breathe normally, percuss in the lowest
intercostal space in the left anterior axillary line, beginning at an area of lung resonance
may be heard from 6-10th ribs, normal percussion sounds can be either resonance or
tympanic
Bladder percussion - answerpercussion of the suprapubic area can detect dullness,
400-600ml in bladder before dullness heard
Fluid Wave Test - answerwith the patient's hand placed vertically in the middle of
abdomen, place your hands on each side of the patient's abdomen and tap one side
while palpating the other side
If ascites is present, the examiner will feel fluid shifting from side to side
, Rebound tenderness - answerelicit by deeply palpating then suddenly releasing
pressure. If present in the RLQ (McBurney's point), suggests patient has appendicitis
McBurney's sign - answertenderness and rigidity from the umbilicus to the right anterior
superior iliac spine. Frequently seen with appendicitis
Inspiration arrest (Murphy's sign) - answerpalpate below right costal margin. Ask patient
to take a deep breath. If patient stops breathing mid-inspiration due to pain, the sign is
positive
Obturator test - answerplace patient in supine position with right leg flexed at hip and
knee. Place a hand just above knee with your other hand at the ankle. Rotate the
patient's leg internally and externally, positive in appendicitis
AAA palpation - answerplace each hand on either side of aorta and estimate the
diameter of aorta, diameter of 3cm or greater is positive
Grey Turner's sign - answeran uncommon subcutaneous manifestation of intra-
abdominal hemorrhage that manifests as ecchymosis or discoloration of the flank
Cullen's sign - answerfinding of bruising around umbilicus
Intussusception - answertelescoping of large intestine
coryza (rhinitis) - answerinflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose; a
common cold
bacterial - answerYellow, green, rust, clear, or transparent sputum
viral - answermucoid or viscid sputum
bloody sputum - answerChronic infectious disease, pulmonary carcinoma, pulmonary
infarction, Tb, nosebleeds
Kussmaul breathing - answergasping, labored breathing, also called air hunger
metabolic acidosis
pleurisy - answeran inflammation of the pleura that produces sharp chest pain with each
breath
Hyperpnea - answerbreathing deeper and more rapid than normal. Seen in neurological
pathology
Cheyne-Stokes breathing - answerperiods of deep breathing alternating with periods of
apnea
Solid Organs - answer maintain their shape: liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, ovaries
Hollow Organs - answerthe shape depends on contents: stomach, gallbladder,
intestines, bladder, uterus
Neoplasm of esophagus/stomach odor - answer severe bad breath
Peptic ulcers odor - answer acid breath
Hepatic failure odor - answer sickly sweet odor
Esophageal diverticulum odor – answer odor of decay
Severe bowel obstruction odor - answerodor of feces
Cirrhosis with portal shunting odor - answerodor of rotten eggs and garlic
increased lunula size - answerindicates hyperthyroid, leprosy, and scleroderma
Normal bowel sounds for small intestine - answerhigh-pitched, gurgling
Normal bowel sounds for colon - answerlow-pitched, rumbling
Liver percussion - answerbegins at abdomen just below the umbilicus at the right
midclavicular line, percuss upward until dullness is heard
Spleen percussion - answerlie supine, breathe normally, percuss in the lowest
intercostal space in the left anterior axillary line, beginning at an area of lung resonance
may be heard from 6-10th ribs, normal percussion sounds can be either resonance or
tympanic
Bladder percussion - answerpercussion of the suprapubic area can detect dullness,
400-600ml in bladder before dullness heard
Fluid Wave Test - answerwith the patient's hand placed vertically in the middle of
abdomen, place your hands on each side of the patient's abdomen and tap one side
while palpating the other side
If ascites is present, the examiner will feel fluid shifting from side to side
, Rebound tenderness - answerelicit by deeply palpating then suddenly releasing
pressure. If present in the RLQ (McBurney's point), suggests patient has appendicitis
McBurney's sign - answertenderness and rigidity from the umbilicus to the right anterior
superior iliac spine. Frequently seen with appendicitis
Inspiration arrest (Murphy's sign) - answerpalpate below right costal margin. Ask patient
to take a deep breath. If patient stops breathing mid-inspiration due to pain, the sign is
positive
Obturator test - answerplace patient in supine position with right leg flexed at hip and
knee. Place a hand just above knee with your other hand at the ankle. Rotate the
patient's leg internally and externally, positive in appendicitis
AAA palpation - answerplace each hand on either side of aorta and estimate the
diameter of aorta, diameter of 3cm or greater is positive
Grey Turner's sign - answeran uncommon subcutaneous manifestation of intra-
abdominal hemorrhage that manifests as ecchymosis or discoloration of the flank
Cullen's sign - answerfinding of bruising around umbilicus
Intussusception - answertelescoping of large intestine
coryza (rhinitis) - answerinflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose; a
common cold
bacterial - answerYellow, green, rust, clear, or transparent sputum
viral - answermucoid or viscid sputum
bloody sputum - answerChronic infectious disease, pulmonary carcinoma, pulmonary
infarction, Tb, nosebleeds
Kussmaul breathing - answergasping, labored breathing, also called air hunger
metabolic acidosis
pleurisy - answeran inflammation of the pleura that produces sharp chest pain with each
breath
Hyperpnea - answerbreathing deeper and more rapid than normal. Seen in neurological
pathology
Cheyne-Stokes breathing - answerperiods of deep breathing alternating with periods of
apnea
