APEA Exam Study Guide 2025 |
Complete NP Review Questions &
Rationales | Graded A+
arcus senilis - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Circle around cornea, normal in older
adults due to deposition of lipids.
Arcus Juvenilis - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Circle around cornea often
associated with lipid abnormalities in young adults
kayer-fleischer rings - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Copper deposits in the cornea
may be associated with Wilson's disease which is a genetic disorder that deposits
copper in brain and liver
macular degeneration - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Loss of central vision
,Otitis media with effusion - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Precedes an episode of
acute otitis media and should not be treated with abx, fluid can be a medium for
bacterial growth
coarctation of the aorta - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Often discovered in newborn
phase by comparing upper and lower extremity blood pressures. Elevated in upper
and diminished blood pressures in lower extremities
Mania - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Symptoms of inflated, self-esteem and
grandiosity decrease need for sleep hyper verbosity, racing thoughts and flight of
ideas distractibility and excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that can
often be associated with painful consequences later
mitral valve prolapse - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Benign, most patients are
asymptomatic. Murmur maybe present, and his best oscillated with the diaphragm
of the stethoscope over the cardiac Apex.
mitral regurgitation - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Can lead to heart failure.
Risk factors for osteoporosis - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----age, skinny, smoking,
alcoholics, steroids, menopause, malnutrition, family hx, Asians/whites, vitamin d
deficiency, excessive protein/phosphate intake
Sign of depression - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Early morning wakening
, Sign of anxiety - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Difficulty falling asleep
Greatest risk of transmitting HIV - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----When viral loads
are high, this is often before patient is diagnosed. This is before there is detectable
antibody
Framingham Heart Study - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Example of a cohort
study; participants agreed to follow up study every 2 years in a long term study.
Also known as prospective studies
scarlet fever - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Sandpaper rash and +rapid strep test,
ACE inhibitors - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Contraindicated in pregnancy
because of teratogenic effects on the renal system of fetus. Can cause dry cough
but discontinuation is elective. Associated with increased potassium levels.
Common presentation of basal cell carcinoma - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Face
Trichomoniasis treatment - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Metronidazole for seven
days and partner will need treatment too
hypospadias - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Condition in which the urethra opening
is on the underside of the penis instead of at the tip
Complete NP Review Questions &
Rationales | Graded A+
arcus senilis - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Circle around cornea, normal in older
adults due to deposition of lipids.
Arcus Juvenilis - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Circle around cornea often
associated with lipid abnormalities in young adults
kayer-fleischer rings - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Copper deposits in the cornea
may be associated with Wilson's disease which is a genetic disorder that deposits
copper in brain and liver
macular degeneration - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Loss of central vision
,Otitis media with effusion - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Precedes an episode of
acute otitis media and should not be treated with abx, fluid can be a medium for
bacterial growth
coarctation of the aorta - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Often discovered in newborn
phase by comparing upper and lower extremity blood pressures. Elevated in upper
and diminished blood pressures in lower extremities
Mania - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Symptoms of inflated, self-esteem and
grandiosity decrease need for sleep hyper verbosity, racing thoughts and flight of
ideas distractibility and excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that can
often be associated with painful consequences later
mitral valve prolapse - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Benign, most patients are
asymptomatic. Murmur maybe present, and his best oscillated with the diaphragm
of the stethoscope over the cardiac Apex.
mitral regurgitation - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Can lead to heart failure.
Risk factors for osteoporosis - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----age, skinny, smoking,
alcoholics, steroids, menopause, malnutrition, family hx, Asians/whites, vitamin d
deficiency, excessive protein/phosphate intake
Sign of depression - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Early morning wakening
, Sign of anxiety - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Difficulty falling asleep
Greatest risk of transmitting HIV - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----When viral loads
are high, this is often before patient is diagnosed. This is before there is detectable
antibody
Framingham Heart Study - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Example of a cohort
study; participants agreed to follow up study every 2 years in a long term study.
Also known as prospective studies
scarlet fever - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Sandpaper rash and +rapid strep test,
ACE inhibitors - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Contraindicated in pregnancy
because of teratogenic effects on the renal system of fetus. Can cause dry cough
but discontinuation is elective. Associated with increased potassium levels.
Common presentation of basal cell carcinoma - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Face
Trichomoniasis treatment - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Metronidazole for seven
days and partner will need treatment too
hypospadias - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Condition in which the urethra opening
is on the underside of the penis instead of at the tip
