HFT 2220 Final Review Exam
Questions and Answers
economic person theory - ANSWER-the belief that people work solely for money
social person theory - ANSWER-the idea that fulfillment of social needs is more
important than money in motivating people
hierarchy of needs - ANSWER-a theory proposed by Maslow that places human
needs in a hierarchy pyramid. As one's needs at the bottom of the pyramid are met,
higher-level needs become more important
self-actualization - ANSWER-according to the motivational theorist Maslow, the
desire to fulfill one's own potential
dissatisfiers - ANSWER-a factor in a job environment that produces dissatisfaction,
usually reducing motivation
hygiene factors (maintenance factors) - ANSWER-factors in the job environment that
produce job satisfaction or dissatisfaction but do not motivate performance
motivators - ANSWER-whatever triggers a person's inner motivation to perform. In
Herzberg's theory, motivators are factors within a job that provide satisfaction and
that motivate a person to superior effort and performance
behavior modification - ANSWER-effecting behavioral change by providing positive
reinforcement (reward, praise) for the behavior desired
positive reinforcement - ANSWER-providing positive consequences (reward, praise)
for behavior desired
negative reinforcement - ANSWER-withholding praise and rewards for inferior
performance in order to encourage better results
morale - ANSWER-group spirit with respect to getting a job done
job loading - ANSWER-adding more work to a job without increasing interest,
challenge, or reward
role model - ANSWER-a person who serves as an example for the behavior of
others
management by example - ANSWER-managing people at work by setting a good
example - by giving 100 percent of your time, effort, and enthusiasm to your own job
, CHAPTER 9
synergy - ANSWER-the actions of two or more people to achieve an outcome that
each is individually incapable of achieving
group - ANSWER-a number of people working together, or considered together
because of common characteristics
team - ANSWER-a group of individuals who share a common goal and the
responsibility of achieving it
formally appointed team - ANSWER-a team that has a formally appointed leader
who may have more influence and decision-making authority than other team
members
delegation - ANSWER-the act of giving a portion of one's responsibility and authority
to a subordinate
informally appointed team - ANSWER-a team that evolves on its own
interdependency - ANSWER-reliance on others to accomplish a task such as work
responsibilities
team morale - ANSWER-confidence and enthusiasm that come from a team working
in harmony
teamwork - ANSWER-the cooperative actions that a team performs
team players - ANSWER-individuals who participate in the collective effort to get a
job done efficiently
team norms - ANSWER-implicit as well as explicit rules of behavior that result from
team interaction
project teams - ANSWER-teams that are brought together for the completion of a
project
cohesive team - ANSWER-a team that communicates well and has well-defined
norms, respect, unity, and trust among its members
participative leadership - ANSWER-a system that includes workers in making
decisions that concern them
preshift meetings - ANSWER-interactive meetings that offer the leader managing a
shift the opportunity to address problem issues and lay out the strategy for a
successful shift
feedback - ANSWER-giving information about the performance of an individual or
group back to them during or after performing a task or job
Questions and Answers
economic person theory - ANSWER-the belief that people work solely for money
social person theory - ANSWER-the idea that fulfillment of social needs is more
important than money in motivating people
hierarchy of needs - ANSWER-a theory proposed by Maslow that places human
needs in a hierarchy pyramid. As one's needs at the bottom of the pyramid are met,
higher-level needs become more important
self-actualization - ANSWER-according to the motivational theorist Maslow, the
desire to fulfill one's own potential
dissatisfiers - ANSWER-a factor in a job environment that produces dissatisfaction,
usually reducing motivation
hygiene factors (maintenance factors) - ANSWER-factors in the job environment that
produce job satisfaction or dissatisfaction but do not motivate performance
motivators - ANSWER-whatever triggers a person's inner motivation to perform. In
Herzberg's theory, motivators are factors within a job that provide satisfaction and
that motivate a person to superior effort and performance
behavior modification - ANSWER-effecting behavioral change by providing positive
reinforcement (reward, praise) for the behavior desired
positive reinforcement - ANSWER-providing positive consequences (reward, praise)
for behavior desired
negative reinforcement - ANSWER-withholding praise and rewards for inferior
performance in order to encourage better results
morale - ANSWER-group spirit with respect to getting a job done
job loading - ANSWER-adding more work to a job without increasing interest,
challenge, or reward
role model - ANSWER-a person who serves as an example for the behavior of
others
management by example - ANSWER-managing people at work by setting a good
example - by giving 100 percent of your time, effort, and enthusiasm to your own job
, CHAPTER 9
synergy - ANSWER-the actions of two or more people to achieve an outcome that
each is individually incapable of achieving
group - ANSWER-a number of people working together, or considered together
because of common characteristics
team - ANSWER-a group of individuals who share a common goal and the
responsibility of achieving it
formally appointed team - ANSWER-a team that has a formally appointed leader
who may have more influence and decision-making authority than other team
members
delegation - ANSWER-the act of giving a portion of one's responsibility and authority
to a subordinate
informally appointed team - ANSWER-a team that evolves on its own
interdependency - ANSWER-reliance on others to accomplish a task such as work
responsibilities
team morale - ANSWER-confidence and enthusiasm that come from a team working
in harmony
teamwork - ANSWER-the cooperative actions that a team performs
team players - ANSWER-individuals who participate in the collective effort to get a
job done efficiently
team norms - ANSWER-implicit as well as explicit rules of behavior that result from
team interaction
project teams - ANSWER-teams that are brought together for the completion of a
project
cohesive team - ANSWER-a team that communicates well and has well-defined
norms, respect, unity, and trust among its members
participative leadership - ANSWER-a system that includes workers in making
decisions that concern them
preshift meetings - ANSWER-interactive meetings that offer the leader managing a
shift the opportunity to address problem issues and lay out the strategy for a
successful shift
feedback - ANSWER-giving information about the performance of an individual or
group back to them during or after performing a task or job
